Page "Slavery in medieval Europe" Paragraph 11
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Slavery was heavily regulated in Roman law, which was reorganized in the Byzantine Empire by Justinian I as the Corpus Iuris Civilis.
Although the Corpus was lost to the West for centuries, it was rediscovered in the 11th and 12th centuries, and led to the foundation of law schools in Italy and France.
According to the Corpus, the natural state of humanity is freedom, but the " law of nations " may supersede natural law and reduce certain people to slavery.
The basic definition of slave in Romano-Byzantine law was:
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