Page "Social cycle theory" Paragraph 15

Modern social scientists from different fields have introduced cycle theories to predict civilizational collapses in approaches that apply contemporary methods that update the approach of Spengler, such as the work of Joseph Tainter suggesting a civilizational life-cycle.

In more micro-studies that follow the work of Malthus, scholars such as David Lempert have presented " alpha-helix " models of population, economics, and political response, including violence, in cyclical forms that add aspects of culture change into the model.

Lempert has also modeled political violence in Russian society, suggesting that theories attributing violence in Russia to ideologies are less useful than cyclical models of population and economic productivity.