Page "Spoiler effect" Paragraph 2

In a preferential voting system, a voter can vote for a minor party candidate as their first choice, and in addition, they can record a preference between the remaining candidates, whether they are in a " major party " or not.

For example, voters for a very left-wing candidate might select a moderately left-wing candidate as their second choice, thus minimizing the chances that their vote will result in the election of a right-wing candidate.

Approval voting can also reduce the impact of the " spoiler effect ".