Page "Suspension (vehicle)" Paragraph 79

Considering the considerable commercial potentials of hydro-pneumatic technology ( Corolla, 1996 ), interconnected hydropneumatic suspensions have also been explored in some recent studies, and their potential benefits in enhancing vehicle ride and handling have been demonstrated.

The control system can also be used for further improving performance of interconnected suspensions.

Apart from academic research, an Australian company, Kinetic, is having some success ( WRC: 3 Championships, Dakar Rally: 2 Championships, Lexus GX470 2004 4x4 of the year with KDSS, 2005 PACE award ) with various passive or semi-active systems, which generally decouple at least two vehicle modes ( roll, warp ( articulation ), pitch and / or heave ( bounce )) to simultaneously control each mode ’ s stiffness and damping, by using interconnected shock absorbers, and other methods.

In 1999, Kinetic was bought out by Tenneco.

Later developments by a Catalan company, Creuat has devised a simpler system design based on single-acting cylinders.

After some projects on competition Creuat is active in providing retrofit systems for some vehicle models.