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Tanzania is the third-largest producer of gold in Africa after South Africa and Ghana.

The country is also known for Tanzanite, a type of precious gemstone that is found only in Tanzania.

The mineral sector started to pick-up slowly in the late 90s ; major discoveries are announced regularly.

However, the mineral sector has yet to start contributing significantly to the overall Tanzanian economy, and industry is still mainly limited to processing agricultural products and light consumer goods.