Page "Turbo code" Paragraph 2

In 1993, turbo codes were introduced by Berrou, Glavieux, and Thitimajshima ( from Télécom Bretagne, former ENST Bretagne, France ) in their paper: " Near Shannon Limit Error-correcting Coding and Decoding: Turbo-codes " published in the Proceedings of IEEE International Communications Conference.

In a later paper, Berrou gave credit to the " intuition " of " G. Battail, J. Hagenauer and P. Hoeher, who, in the late 80s, highlighted the interest of probabilistic processing.

" He adds " R. Gallager and M. Tanner had already imagined coding and decoding techniques whose general principles are closely related ," although the necessary calculations were impractical at that time.