Page "United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758" Paragraph 15

On the other hand, although policy has changed, and the ROC Government now focuses on representing the interests of the island of Taiwan, formally, the ROC still claims to be the Chinese State, and thus its juridical claim to the right to govern the whole of China still holds.

Most importantly, although Taiwan has been governed by the ROC as a de facto separate country, de jure Taiwan is still a part of China, as Taiwan has never declared its independence.

Indeed, the pursuit of independence from China is a controversial issue in Taiwanese politics.

Thus, China being still legally one single country including the Mainland and Taiwan, the question facing the General Assembly was that of deciding which is the legitimate Government of China: the Government controlling the whole of the Mainland, or the Government deposed from the Mainland and in control of an archipelago only.

From the assumption of power by the Communists and the proclamation of the PRC until 1971, the ROC Government remained the representative of China before the UN, although it had lost almost all of the territory.

With the Resolution, the UN simply recognized the PRC as the legitimate Chinese Government, that from 1949 until 1971, had been deprived of its right of representing China.