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Most of the early Uyghur literary works were translations of Buddhist and Manichean religious texts, but there were also narrative, poetic, and epic works apparently original to the Uyghurs.

Some of these have been translated into German, English, Russian, and Turkish.

Among hundreds of important works surviving from that era are Qutatqu Bilik ( Wisdom Of Royal Glory ) by Yüsüp Has Hajip ( 1069 – 70 ), Mähmut Qäşqäri's Divan-i Lugat-it Türk-A Dictionary of Turkic Dialects ( 1072 ), and Ähmät Yüknäki's Atabetul Hakayik.

Perhaps the most famous and best loved pieces of modern Uyghur literature are Abdurehim Otkur's Iz, Oyghanghan Zimin, Zordun Sabir's Anayurt and Ziya Samedi's ( former minister of culture in Sinkiang Government in 50's ) novels Mayimkhan and Mystery of the years.