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The problems of hard-surface cleaning are not nearly as complex.

In hard-surface cleaning, the inorganic salts are more important than the organic active.

Indeed, when the proper inorganic constituents are employed, practically any wetting or surface-active agent will do a reasonably good job when present in sufficient amount in a hard-surface cleaning formulation.

Hydroxides, orthophosphates, borates, carbonates, and silicates are important inorganic ingredients of hard-surface cleaners.

In addition, the polyphosphates are also used, probably acting more as peptizing agents than anything else.

The importance of the inorganic constituents in hard-surface cleaning has been emphasized in a number of papers.