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from Brown Corpus
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The adolescent experiences two closely related crises: self-certainty vs. an identity consciousness ; ;
and role-experimentation vs. negative identity.
A sense of self-certainty and the freedom to experiment with different roles, or confidence in one's own unique behavior as an alternative to peer-group conformity, is more easily developed during adolescence if, during early childhood, the individual was permitted to exercise initiative and encouraged to develop some autonomy.

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