* Connectivity Fault Management, set of standards to provide OAM functionality for Ethernet services.

Similar functionality in a standardized form is provided as part of the Ethernet OAM protocol that is defined as part of the Ethernet in the First Mile changes to 802. 3 ( previously 802. 3ah ).

D-Link has their DULD feature built on top of Ethernet OAM function.

However there are now Ethernet OAM tools defined in IEEE 802. 1ab, IEEE 802. 1ag and Ethernet in the First Mile ( IEEE 802. 3ah ) for monitoring and troubleshooting Ethernet networks.

In terms of current popular technologies: Any computer connected to the same Ethernet repeater or switch is a member of the same broadcast domain.

The result is a network based on a nominally shared transmission system ; like Ethernet, but in which " client " nodes cannot communicate with each other, only with the server / provider.

Well-known communications protocols are Ethernet, a hardware and Link Layer standard that is ubiquitous in local area networks, and the Internet Protocol Suite, which defines a set of protocols for internetworking, i. e. for data communication between multiple networks, as well as host-to-host data transfer, and application-specific data transmission formats.

Network connections such as Ethernet are not generally regarded as buses, although the difference is largely conceptual rather than practical.

This distinction is exemplified by a telephone system with a connected modem, where the RJ11 connection and associated modulated signaling scheme is not considered a bus, and is analogous to an Ethernet connection.

Compressed video is also carried using UDP-IP over Ethernet.

Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies for local area networks ( LANs ).

In addition to computers, Ethernet is now used to interconnect appliances and other personal devices.

As with other IEEE 802 LANs, each Ethernet station is given a 48-bit MAC address.

When a twisted pair or fiber link segment is used and neither end is connected to a repeater, full-duplex Ethernet becomes possible over that segment.

Since packets are typically delivered only to the port they are intended for, traffic on a switched Ethernet is less public than on shared-medium Ethernet.

< span id =" switch_vulnerabilities "> Despite this, switched Ethernet should still be regarded as an insecure network technology, because it is easy to subvert switched Ethernet systems by means such as ARP spoofing and MAC flooding .</ span >

Simple switched Ethernet networks, while a great improvement over repeater-based Ethernet, suffer from single points of failure, attacks that trick switches or hosts into sending data to a machine even if it is not intended for it, scalability and security issues with regard to broadcast radiation and multicast traffic, and bandwidth choke points where a lot of traffic is forced down a single link.

IEEE 802. 3 is a working group and a collection of IEEE standards produced by the working group defining the physical layer and data link layer's media access control ( MAC ) of wired Ethernet.

Beneath the LLC sublayer is the Media Access Control ( MAC ) sublayer, which is dependent on the particular medium being used ( Ethernet, token ring, FDDI, 802. 11, etc.

IEEE 802. 3 is an exception ; Ethernet originally used Ethernet II framing, with a 2-octet type field containing an EtherType value, and no 802. 2 header, but the original IEEE 802. 3 specification used a framing wherein the 2-octet field following the 6-octet destination and source MAC addresses contained a frame length, with an 802. 2 LLC header following the length field.

With bridging, only well-formed Ethernet packets are forwarded from one Ethernet segment to another ; collisions and packet errors are isolated.

This worked somewhat differently from an Ethernet bridge, where only the header of the incoming packet would be examined before it was either dropped or forwarded to another segment.

Now, when another node wired into the Ethernet wants to talk to the dial-up node, it will ask on the network for the MAC address of 192. 168. 0. 254 and find the access server's MAC address.

Every Ethernet packet must be completely transmitted before another can begin.

ITU standards suggest that the OSC should utilize an OC-3 signal structure, though some vendors have opted to use 100 megabit Ethernet or another signal format.

They also could become internally disconnected when they are mapped from one LAN type to another, for example, Ethernet to ATM LANE ELANs or FDDI 802. 10 VLANs.

The " 4000 Series " and " 5000 Series " ReplayTV units have Ethernet connections that allow the user to stream shows to another similar ReplayTV unit within the same local network, transfer shows to another similar ReplayTV unit ( either on the local network or across the Internet ) or to a personal computer.

A collision domain is a section of a network where data packets can collide with one another when being sent on a shared medium or through repeaters, in particular, when using early versions of Ethernet.

Boggs identifies another date as the birth of Ethernet: November 11, 1973, the first day the system actually functioned.

If a host tries to send data through a router ( R1 ) and R1 sends the data on another router ( R2 ) and a direct path from the host to R2 is available ( that is, the host and R2 are on the same Ethernet segment ), then R1 will send a redirect message to inform the host that the best route for the destination is via R2.

Various optional OIO boards were produced for the PERQ 1 and 2: 3RCC OIO boards provided a 16-bit parallel PERQlink interface ( intended for downloading microcode from another PERQ at boot time ) plus Ethernet and / or a Canon CX laser printer controller.

This example is from the Ethernet protocol, where a sending host is able to know when a collision has occurred ( that is, another host has tried to transmit ), when it is sending a frame.

* Serial tunneling between two serial devices: Serial tunneling enables users to establish a link across Ethernet to a serial port on another terminal server.

These early Ethernet LANs scaled using Ethernet bridges ( another DEC invention ) as well as DECnet routers.

It is possible that certain analysis could be used to determine if the subnet was remote ( as in another country ), or local ( as in either a dummy interface, or a machine connected via Ethernet.

Most MANs now use Synchronous Optical Network ( SONET ) or Asynchronous Transfer Mode ( ATM ) network designs, with recent designs using native Ethernet or MPLS.

As of 2007, with the integration of components such as Ethernet and audio into the motherboard, the CNR is obsolete, and is not found on the most recent full sized motherboards.

The private side of the network is very secret but recent disclosure from Google indicate that they use custom built high-radix switch-routers ( with a capacity of 128 x 10 Gigabit Ethernet port ) for the WAN.

In addition to the telephone line doubler ( 1977 ), recent achievements for the company include HDSL ( 1993 ), optical ring-based networks ( 2000 ), toll-quality Voice over IP ( 2002 ), coarse wavelength division multiplexing ( 2003 ), 10-degree reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer ( 2007 ), the first Carrier Ethernet switch / router built with a transport mindset ( 2008 ), Dynamic Spectrum Management Level 3 ( 2009 ) and Network Design Platform ( 2009 ).

* Audio over Ethernet, the concept of using an Ethernet-based network to transmit digital audio in audio engineering

* Hardware Node, Virtual Ethernet device concept

SynOptics popularized the concept of the modular Ethernet " hub " and high-speed Ethernet networking over copper twisted-pair and fiber optic cables.

VSANs were designed by Cisco, modelled after the virtual local area network ( VLAN ) concept in Ethernet networking.

Kalpana is considered to be the inventor of Ethernet switching as the company was the first to introduce the concept of a multi-port network switch with its seven-port EtherSwitch in 1989.