Within this frame of reference policies appropriate to claims advanced in the name of the Jews depend upon which Jewish identity is involved, as well as upon the nature of the claim, the characteristics of the claimant, the justifications proposed, and the predispositions of the community decision makers who are called upon to act.

If Jews are identified as a religious body in a controversy that comes before a national or international tribunal, it is obviously compatible with the goal of human dignity to protect freedom of worship.

It is not implied that formal principles and procedures are so firmly entrenched within the public order of the world community or even of free commonwealths that they will control in all circumstances involving Jews and Gentiles during coming years.

When we consider the disorganized state of the world community, and the legacy of predispositions adversely directed against all who are identified as Jews, it is obvious that the struggle for the minds and muscles of men needs to be prosecuted with increasing vigor and skill.

The Jews for 2500 years have been a prime example, though the adherents of any world or interpeople religion are cases in point.

It was the conclusion of the first phase of a process of tragic recollection, and of refining the recollection, that will last as long as there are Jews.

Catholics, Protestants and Jews are in agreement over the objectives of family planning, but disagree over the methods to be used.

One of the reasons for the high percentage of Jewish teen-agers in college is that a great many urban Jews are enabled to attend local colleges at modest cost.

Perhaps this meal was like the 1932ish Baghdad tea, where she stares " unbelievingly ", horrified by the first hint of the future, when her host Dr Jordan, Director of Antiquities, pausing while playing Beethoven, says " Our Jews are perhaps different from yours.

Antisemitism refers specifically to prejudice against Jews alone and in general, despite the fact that there are other speakers of Semitic languages ( e. g. Arabs, Ethiopians, or Assyrians ) and that not all Jews speak a Semitic language.

In total, 133 Jews and 116 Arabs are killed.

* 1349 – Six thousand Jews are killed in Mainz after being blamed for the bubonic plague.

* 1391 – Jews are massacred in Palma de Mallorca.

Supporters of this view believe that “ to a hypothetical outside reader, presents Christianity as enlightened, harmless, even beneficent .” Some believe that through this work, Luke intended to show the Roman Empire that the root of Christianity is within Judaism so that the Christians “ may receive the same freedom to practice their faith that the Roman Empire afforded the Jews .” Those who support the view of Luke ’ s work as political apology generally draw evidence from the facts that Christians are found innocent of committing any political crime ( Acts 25: 25 ; 19: 37 ; 19: 40 ) and that Roman officials ’ views towards Christians are generally positive.

Jews from Arab countries – mainly Mizrahi Jews and Yemenite Jews – are today usually not categorised as Arab.

Also, prior to the massive Sephardic emigrations to the Middle East in the 16th and 17th centuries, the Jewish communities of what are today Syria, Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, Egypt and Yemen were known by other Jewish communities as Musta ' arabi Jews or " like Arabs ".

From the late 1940s to the early 1960s, following the creation of the state of Israel, most of these Jews fled their countries of birth and are now mostly concentrated in Israel.

Of special historical interest is the observation of Abbahu in regard to the benediction " Baruk Shem Kebod Malkuto " ( Blessed be the Name of His glorious Kingdom ) after the " Shema ' Yisrael ," that in Palestine, where the Christians look for points of controversy, the words should be recited aloud ( lest the Jews be accused of tampering with the unity of God proclaimed in the Shema '), whereas in the Babylonian city of Nehardea, where there are no Christians, the words are recited with a low voice ( Pesahim 56a ).

* 1943 – Holocaust: In Terebovlia, Ukraine, Germans order 1, 100 Jews to undress to their underwear and march through the city of Terebovlia to the nearby village of Plebanivka where they are shot dead and buried in ditches.

For concerning these, the Lord put to shame the Sadducees, and said, ' Ye do err, not knowing the Scriptures ' and He reproved the Jews, saying, ' Search the Scriptures, for these are they that testify of ME ".

He considered Jews deicides and " profane dogs ," model evildoers who " stupidly devour all the riches of the earth with their unrestrained cupidity.

As they talk, Becker relentlessly dogs Lutze with the reality of his grossly inhumane treatment of the inmates, while Lutze stubbornly and unemotionally insists that he was only carrying out his orders and had no idea that the Third Reich planned to exterminate Jews.

Spiegelman depicts the various European races as different animal species, but Americans, both black and white, as dogs — with the exception of the Jews, who remain unassimilated mice.

" and " Palestine is our land, the Jews are our dogs!

* In the Pulitzer Prize winning graphic novel Maus by Art Spiegelman, Jews have human bodies and the heads of mice while characters with their roots in the United States have human bodies and the heads of dogs, Germans have the heads of cats, and the French have the heads of frogs.

Discrimination against Jews and Catholics was also common, with both groups being excluded from the financial and political elite, and Jews even from Sunnyside Beach (" No Jews or dogs allowed ").

Like the Hamas propaganda for holy war, that of Hezbollah has relied on the endless vilification of Jews as ' enemies of mankind ,' ' conspiratorial, obstinate, and conceited ' adversaries full of ' satanic plans ' to enslave the Arabs.

An editorial in the newspaper Haaretz accused the rabbis of ' knowingly and irresponsibly bringing a burning torch closer to the most flammable hill in the Middle East ,' and noted that rabbinical consensus in both the Haredi and the Religious Zionist worlds forbids Jews from entering the Temple Mount.

" Regarding Jewish traditions, Jews for Jesus says on its website: " As for the accusation that we ' fraudulently use Jewish symbols and Jewish holidays ,' we have a right to use Jewish symbols by virtue of our ancestry, and we have a right to celebrate Passover and other Jewish holidays and interpret them according to the teachings of Scripture.

No less than 82 per cent of the Bolshevik Commissars were known to be Jews, the fierce and implacable ' Trotsky ,' who shared office with Lenin, being a Yiddisher whose real name was Bronstein.

Shnirelman wrote that in Bailey's teachings, " Jews were depicted as the ' human product of the former Solar system ,' linked with ' World Evil '"; he identified " similar ideas " in the works of Bailey and Evola.

In the golden age, the celestial race was spiritual — only gradually, over time, taking on material properties ... As a necessary consequence of miscegenation, there was a continual and irreversible decline of the celestials in ancient times ( Evola identifies the Jews as providing a ' ferment of decomposition, dissolution and corruption ' in antiquity ; see Evola, Sintesi di Dottrina della Razza p. 160 ; Rivolta contro il mondo moderno, p. 314 ), a tenuous revival under the Romans, and another by the Nordic-Germans during the course of the Holy Roman Empire -- but by the time of the Renaissance, with its humanism, rationalism, universalism and its gradual submission to the theses of the equality of all humans, humankind had entered the kali-yuga, the terminal age of ' obscurity ,' the end of this current race cycle.

Chomsky selects the target and directs Finkelstein to probe the writings in minute detail and conclude that the writer didn't actually write the work, that it is plagiarized, that it is a hoax and a fraud ," noting that Finkelstein has leveled the same kind of charges against many others, calling at least 10 " distinguished Jews ' hucksters ,' ' hoaxters ,' ' thieves ,' ' extortionists ,' and worse.

' The internecine struggles of the Arabs ,' reported Glubb, ' are more in the minds of Arab politicians than the struggle against the Jews.

At an earlier period, on the Jews making application to Cromwell for readmission into England, Barlow, ' at the request of a person of quality ,' had composed a tract on the ' Toleration of the Jews in a Christian State ,' published in the same collection of ' Cases of Conscience.

Pat Robertson makes frequent use of ' dominion ' language ; his book, The Secret Kingdom, has often been cited for its theonomy elements ; and pluralists were made uncomfortable when, during his presidential campaign, he said he ' would only bring Christians and Jews into the government ,' as well as when he later wrote, ' There will never be world peace until God's house and God's people are given their rightful place of leadership at the top of the world.

:" Jews who spent years in Soviet prisons were far less enthusiastic than most Israelis about Soviet Foreign Minister Alexander Bessmertnykh's historic visit here Friday ...' It's nothing but a bad dream ,' said Yosef Mendelevitch, another former Soviet prisoner, commenting on Bessmertnykh's visit, the first by a Soviet foreign minister to Israel.

If it were a state of Poles, Jews, Germans, Rusyns, Belarusians, Lithuanians, Russians, it would lose its independence again "; and that " it is impossible to make a nation out of those who have no ' national self-identification ,' who call themselves ' local ' ( tutejszy ).".

" Lefkowitz writes that ben-Jochannan proceeded to tell those present that " they could and should believe what black instructors told them " and " that although they might think that Jews were all ' hook-nosed and sallow faced ,' there were other Jews who looked like himself.

If living Jews were unavailable for study, the Bible was at hand.

Until I was transferred into the Seventh Ulanys I was like every other Pole in my feeling about Jews.

And then Eichmann was quoted as saying, in non-English, that Hitler's plan to exterminate the Jews was nonsense ''.

Shout at Eichmann though he might, the Prosecutor could not establish that the defendant was falsifying the way he felt about Jews or that what he did feel fell into the generally recognized category of anti-Semitism.

At any rate, the substance of Eichmann's testimony was that all his actions flowed from his membership in the party and the SS, and though the Prosecutor did his utmost to prove actual personal hatred of Jews, his success on this score was doubtful and the anti-Semitic lesson weakened to that extent.

If anti-Semitism was on trial in Jerusalem, why was it not identified, and with enough emphasis to capture the notice of the world press, in its connection with the activities of Eichmann's Department of Jewish Affairs, as exemplified by the betrayal and murder of Jews by non-police and non-party anti-Semites in Germany, as well as in Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary??

The infamous Wansee Conference called by Heydrich in January 1942, to organize the material and technical means to put to death the eleven million Jews spread throughout the nations of Europe, was attended by representatives of major organs of the German state, including the Reich Minister of the Interior, the State Secretary in charge of the Four Year Plan, the Reich Minister of Justice, the Under Secretary of Foreign Affairs.

In other words, the promulgators of the murder plan made clear that physically exterminating the Jews was but an extension of the anti-Semitic measures already operating in every phase of German life, and that the new conspiracy counted on the general anti-Semitism that had made those measures effective, as a readiness for murder.

Auschwitz II was an extermination camp or Vernichtungslager, the site of the deaths of at least 960, 000 Jews, 75, 000 Poles, and some 19, 000 Roma.

“ Charges of sedition come from the Jews ” ( Acts 17: 6-7 ; 24: 5 ) which shows that Luke ’ s emphasis was not on the politics of the Empire but rather on the spiritual matters of believers.

Prior to the emergence of the term Mizrahi, the term " Arab Jews " was sometimes used to describe Jews of the Arab world.

In 1517 he was a member of the " Ausseren Rates ", the council on external affairs, and in this capacity was involved in the expulsion of the Jews, the destruction of the synagogue and in its place the construction of a church and shrine to the Schöne Maria that occurred in 1519.

The County was the only federal condominium in the 17th century where Jews were tolerated.

On 5 May 1809, the right of citizenship was granted to Jews, and they were permitted to engage in trade and agriculture.

He was a fierce opponent of anti-semitism and supported the unconditional acceptance and integration of the Jews in Europe.

The result was a great schism among the Jews of Spain and southern France, and a new impulse was given to the study of philosophy by the unauthorized interference of the Spanish rabbis.