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't Hooft refused to accept this problem, known as the black hole information paradox, and assumed that this must be the result of the semi-classical treatment of Hawking, and that it should not appear in a full theory quantum gravity.
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't and Hooft
't Hooft showed that this field makes a logarithmic tent-pole shaped bump on the horizon of a black hole, and like a shadow, the bump is an alternate description of the particle's location and mass.
't Hooft is most famous for his contributions to the development of gauge theories in particle physics.
't Hooft has " deviating views on the physical interpretation of quantum theory ".
't Hooft, G., " The Conceptual Basis of Quantum Field Theory " ( online version ).
't Hooft showed further that an Abelian projection of a non-Abelian gauge theory contains magnetic monopoles.
't Hooft calculated the effective action for such an ensemble, and he found an infrared divergence for big instantons, meaning that an infinite amount of infinitely big instantons would populate the vacuum.
't and black
't Hooft's research interest can be divided in three main directions: ' gauge theories in elementary particle physics ', ' quantum gravity and black holes ', and ' foundational aspects of quantum mechanics '.
't and .
't Hooft's original paper.
't Looy is an upmarket residential area in the woods with a wide variety of large villas and landhouses.
't Dickt, Passiewijk and Zonnebos are the names of residential areas in Steenokkerzeel.
't Haantje ( the Little Rooster ), pop.
't Haantje was founded in the latter half of the 19th century, when peat labourers spontaneously settled there.
't is not so difficult to die.
't Hof van Commerce is a Belgian hip hop crew from Izegem in the province West Flanders in Flanders, the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium.
't Prinske told the humorous adventures of a young prince in a fictional country.
Hooft and refused
He acts as judge and executioner, and has made it his goal to hunt down Hugo and Hooft, after they refused his order to burn down a village full of women and children.
Hooft and problem
The resolution of the problem was completely unknown at the time, and't Hooft was unable to provide one.
When Veltman and't Hooft moved to CERN after't Hooft obtained his PhD, Veltman's attention was drawn to the possibility of using their dimensional regularization techniques to the problem of quantizing gravity.
Veltman felt that he had formulated the problem, carried out most of the preliminary work, and written the program which actually made that dissertation possible ; however, he felt that most of the credit went to't Hooft.
Yang – Mills theories met with general acceptance in the physics community after Gerard't Hooft, in 1972, worked out their renormalization, relying on a formulation of the problem worked out by his advisor Martinus Veltman.
The solution to the problem that concluded the battle is the holographic principle, which was first proposed by't Hooft but was given a precise string theory interpretation by Susskind.
Hooft and known
He is often considered a member of what is known as the Muiderkring, a group of leading intellectuals gathered around the poet Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft, who met regularly at the castle of Muiden near Amsterdam.
Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft ( 16 March 1581 – 21 May 1647 )-Knight in the Order of Saint Michael-was a Dutch historian, poet and playwright from the period known as the Dutch Golden Age.
St. Aldegonde, or Marnix ( by which name he is very commonly known ), is celebrated for his share in the great development of Dutch literature which followed the classical period represented by such writers as the poet and historian Pieter Hooft.
As shown by Gerardus't Hooft, strong interactions of the standard model, QCD, possess a non-trivial vacuum structure that in principle permits the violation of the combined symmetries of charge conjugation and parity, collectively known as CP.
Hooft. In Amsterdam, a circle of poets and playwrights formed around Maecenas-like figure Roemer Visscher ( 1547 – 1620 ), which would eventually be known as the Muiderkring (" Circle of Muiden ") after the residence of its most prominent member, Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft ( 1581 – 1647 ), writer of pastoral and lyric poetry and history.
He is known for a number of basic contributions to quantum field theory, including work on what is now called the't Hooft-Polyakov monopole in non-abelian gauge theory, independent from Gerard't Hooft.
Hooft and black
Since the deformations on the surface are the only imprint of the incoming particle, and since these deformations would have to completely determine the outgoing particles ,'t Hooft believed that the correct description of the black hole would be by some form of string theory.
More fundamentally ,'t Hooft and Susskind used the laws of black hole thermodynamics to argue for a general Holographic Principle of nature, which asserts that consistent theories of gravity and quantum mechanics must be lower dimensional.
* G .'t Hooft ( 1990 ) " The black hole interpretation of string theory ," Nuclear Physics B 335: 138-154.
Hooft and paradox
Troubled by this paradox, Gerard't Hooft analyzed the emission of Hawking radiation in more detail.
Hooft and assumed
The Feynman -' t Hooft gauge is usually the simplest gauge for this purpose, and is assumed for the rest of this article.
Hooft and be
* 1971 Gerard't Hooft shows that the Glashow-Salam-Weinberg electroweak model can be renormalized
His uncle had grown to dislike the subject and in particular its practitioners, so when it became time to write his ' masterscriptie ' ( Dutch equivalent of a master's thesis ) in 1968 ,'t Hooft turned to the newly appointed professor Martinus Veltman, who specialized in Yang – Mills theory, a relative fringe subject at the time because it was thought that these could not be renormalized.
However, in ’ t Hooft ’ s opinion: “ History tells us that if we hit upon some obstacle, even if it looks like a pure formality or just a technical complication, it should be carefully scrutinized.
The electroweak theory of Weinberg and Salam was shown to be renormalizable ( finite ) and hence consistent by Gerardus't Hooft and Martinus Veltman.
Hooft and result
These monopoles are called't Hooft – Polyakov monopoles, after Alexander Polyakov, who independently obtained the same result.
This famous result was derived nearly simultaneously in 1973 by Politzer, Gross and Wilczek, and't Hooft, for which the first three were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2004.
Hooft and Hawking
The implications Hawking had opined led to the Susskind-Hawking battle, where Leonard Susskind and Gerard't Hooft publicly ' declared war ' on Hawking's solution, with Susskind publishing a popular book about the debate in 2008 ( The Black Hole War: My battle with Stephen Hawking to make the world safe for quantum mechanics, ISBN 978-0-316-01640-7 ).
Hooft and theory
Gerard't Hooft first performed the field theoretic computation of the effects of the BPST instanton in a theory coupled to fermions in.
By solving the theory in one space and one time dimension ,'t Hooft was able to derive a formula for the masses of mesons.
Studying instanton solutions of Yang-Mills theories ,'t Hooft discovered that spontaneously breaking a theory with SU ( N ) symmetry to a U ( 1 ) symmetry will lead to the existence of magnetic monopoles.
He shared the 1999 Nobel Prize in physics with his former student Gerardus't Hooft for their work on particle theory.
In 1971, Gerardus't Hooft, who was completing his PhD under the supervision of Veltman, renormalized Yang-Mills theory.
Although these authors were the first to understand the physical relevance to the strong interactions, in 1969 Iosif Khriplovich discovered asymptotic freedom in the SU ( 2 ) gauge theory as a mathematical curiosity, and Gerardus't Hooft in 1972 also noted the effect but did not publish.
After Gerardus't Hooft showed the Glashow-Weinberg-Salam electroweak interactions was mathematically consistent, the electroweak theory became a template for further attempts at unifying forces.
# Hooft, G't ( 2009 ) Entangled quantum states in a local deterministic theory ", 2nd Vienna Symposium on the Foundations of Modern Physics ( June 2009 ), ITP-UU-09 / 77, SPIN-09 / 30 ; arXiv: 0908. 3408v1.
Most quantum field theory computations are simplest in the Feynman -' t Hooft gauge, in which ξ
In the mean time, Dutch graduate student Gerardus't Hooft was working in the case of local gauge symmetry breaking in the Yang-Mills theory using the Higgs mechanism.
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