The opening statement of principles contained in the preamble of the party's constitution stated that " The SDP exists to create and defend an open, classless and more equal society which rejects prejudices based upon sex, race, colour or religion ".

The constitution set out the establishment of a " Council for Social Democracy " ( CSD ) which was, in effect, the party's standing conference.

The party's constitution requires that a leadership election be held within six months of a general election.

After Labour Listens, the party went on, in 1988, to produce a new statement of aims and values — meant to supplement and supplant the formulation of Clause IV of the party's constitution ( though, crucially, this was not actually replaced until 1995 under the leadership of Tony Blair ) and was closely modelled on Anthony Crosland's social-democratic thinking — emphasising equality rather than public ownership.

In accordance with the intention to formalize UNIP supremacy in the new system, the constitution stipulated that the sole candidate in elections for the office of president was the person selected to be the president of UNIP by the party's general conference.

The PDPA constitution was written during the party's First Congress in 1965.

Wilson's predecessor as leader, Hugh Gaitskell, had tried in 1960 to tackle the controversy head-on, with a proposal to expunge Clause Four ( the public ownership clause ) from the party's constitution, but had been forced to climb down.

He threw the party's left wing a symbolic bone with the renationalisation of the steel industry, but otherwise left Clause Four formally in the constitution but in practice on the shelf.

A draft of the proposed constitution was released by the Liberal Democratic Party ( LDP ) on 22 November 2005 as part of the fiftieth anniversary of the party's founding.

In 1960, after the third successive defeat of his party in the 1959 General Election Hugh Gaitskell attempted to reformulate the original wording of Clause IV in the party's constitution, but proved unsuccessful.

As per the party's constitution the objectives of the party are explained thus:

Shortly after the election, the Ontario provincial branch of the NDP revoked Hargrove's party membership because he had violated the party's constitution by campaigning for other parties during an election campaign, though Layton disagreed with this.

During this speech, Blair announced the modification of Clause IV of the party's constitution, which abandoned Labour's attachment to nationalisation and embraced market economics.

In 1982, a Labour Party commission found Militant in contravention of clause II, section 3 of the party's constitution, and declared it ineligible for affiliation to the Labour Party.

Dana Miller, who served in the party's shadow cabinet with responsibility for human-rights issues, made public her earlier complaints that the party has violated election law and its own constitution and has also asked for an Elections Canada investigation.

A new constitution drawn up under close FLN supervision was approved by nationwide referendum in September, and Ben Bella was confirmed as the party's choice to lead the country for a five-year term.

The new constitution was also to reflect the role of the state as the party's main instrument in achieving the goal of a socialist and eventually communist society.

#* Significance: Hu Jintao's Scientific Development Concept is entrenched in the party's constitution as an official guiding ideology ; Vice-President Zeng Qinghong retires.

It has been claimed that Forza Italia had no internal democracy because there was no way of changing the leader of the party from below ( although the party's constitution makes it possible ).

( Clause IV ( revised in 1995 ) of the party's constitution states that " The Labour Party is a democratic socialist party ").

Leonard Schapiro, for example, writes that " The decision to alter the electoral system from indirect to direct election, from a limited to a universal franchise, and from open to secret voting, was a measure of the confidence of the party in its ability to ensure the return of candidates of its own choice without the restrictions formerly considered necessary ," and that "... a careful scrutiny of the draft of the new constitution showed that it left the party's supreme position unimpaired, and was therefore worthless as a guarantee of individual rights.

The constitution emphasizes the party's role in promoting socialist democracy, in developing and strengthening a socialist legal system, and in consolidating public resolve to carry out the modernization program.

In 1993, Harris and other Ontario Greens sought and won a change in the party's constitution allowing for the election of a full-time leader.

The PC Party eventually passed an amendment to the party's constitution stating that the party had to run a candidate in every federal riding in the next election.

The new state constitution no longer allowed a third term as governor and acrimony with the assembly-including attempts to impeach him-and his own party's position against protective tariffs, which Porter favored, caused the governor to retire from politics.

The evident contradiction between the rosy picture of Russia's progress painted by the Communist party's program and the enormous dangers for all humanity posed by Premier Khrushchev's Berlin policy has already led to speculation abroad that the program may be severely altered.

Instead of the standard American system of primary elections to choose each party's candidate, followed by a general election contest between the winners of the primaries, the Louisiana primary allows voters to select any candidate, regardless of party affiliation.

Prior to the " turn around ", each party regards the other party's clock to be recording time differently than his own, but the noted difference is symmetrical between the two parties.

The party's share of vote was always between 38 and 43 % from 1953 to 1979.

From the 1980s until 1992 the party was divided between the centre-right led by Arnaldo Forlani ( supported also by the party's right-wing ) and the centre-left led by Ciriaco De Mita ( whose supporters included trade unionists and the internal left ), with Andreotti holding the balance.

In the months leading up to the opening of the 1940 Republican National Convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the GOP was deeply divided between the party's isolationists, who wanted to stay out of the war at all costs, and the party's interventionists, who felt that the United Kingdom and her allies needed to be given all aid short of war to prevent the Germans from conquering all of Europe.

Mao also restored the function of some formal party institutions, such as the operations of the party's Politburo, which ceased functioning between 1966-8 because the Central Cultural Revolution Group held de facto control of the country.

The party's final leadership, led by Cécile Duflot, and including Dominique Voynet, Yves Cochet and Noël Mamère were positioned between the two aforementioned factions.

Among the other factors relevant to this inquiry are the skill required ; the source of the instrumentalities and tools ; the location of the work ; the duration of the relationship between the parties ; whether the hiring party has the right to assign additional projects to the hired party ; the extent of the hired party's discretion over when and how long to work ; the method of payment ; the hired party's role in hiring and paying assistants ; whether the hiring party is in business ; the provision of employee benefits ; and the tax treatment of the hired party.

He was included in the Batasuna electoral ticket and elected to the Basque parliament between 1999 and 2001, where he was appointed as his party's representative in the Human Rights commission at the Basque Parliament, which, given his criminal background caused a stir in the rest of parties.

Since ballots did not distinguish between votes for President and votes for Vice President, every ballot cast for Burr technically counted as a vote for him to become President, despite Jefferson clearly being his party's first choice.

While the difference in the definitions was very small, with Lenin's being slightly more exclusive ( Lenin's formulation required the party member to be a member of one of the party's organizations, whereas Martov's only stated that he should work under the guidance of a party organization ), it was indicative of what became an essential difference between the philosophies of the two emerging factions: Lenin argued for a small party of professional revolutionaries with a large fringe of non-party sympathizers and supporters, whereas Martov believed it was better to have a large party of activists with broad representation.

Hans van Mierlo, the party's leader between 1966 and 1972 and between 1986 and 1998 and the party's figurehead, was an important exponent of this tendency within the party.

According to the Party's official historian this period was marked by a growing division between the practitioners of cultural politics – heavily inspired by the writings of Antonio Gramsci and party's powerful industrial department which advocated a policy of militant labourism.

The political philosophy of New Labour was influenced by the party's development of Anthony Giddens ' Third Way, which attempted to provide a synthesis between capitalism and socialism.

Still nominally head of Perón's Justicialist Party, she played a constructive role in the talks-supporting cooperation between the restive CGT labor union ( her party's political base ) and Alfonsín.

This exception to the party's usual pro-government policy was popular and temporarily calmed friction between the pro-government and the pro-democracy supporters.

The conflict between the party and the communist Finnish People's Democratic League culminated when President Paasikivi fired the Communist Minister of the Interior Yrjö Leino, who had used the security police to spy on the party's youth organization among other abuses.

In 2005, the party's former secretary and Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions's assistant head Matti Viialainen formed a society to promote merger between the two largest Finnish left-wing political parties, the Left Alliance and the Social Democrats.

However, Smith did appear as the Libertarian Party candidate for President on the Arizona ballot in 2000, although Browne was chosen by the party's national convention, due to a dispute between the Libertarian Party's national organization and their Arizona affiliate.