Some, such as Francis Crick in 1994, have attempted a " scientific search for the soul ".

* 1953 – Francis Crick and James D. Watson publish " Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid " describing the double helix structure of DNA.

In the 1950s, James D. Watson, Francis Crick, Rosalind Franklin, and Maurice Wilkins were instrumental in solving DNA structure and suggesting its relationship with genetic transfer of information.

* Francis Crick

As first discovered by James D. Watson and Francis Crick, the structure of DNA of all species comprises two helical chains each coiled round the same axis, and each with a pitch of 34 ångströms ( 3. 4 nanometres ) and a radius of 10 ångströms ( 1. 0 nanometres ).

* 1953 – James D. Watson and Francis Crick announce to friends that they have determined the chemical structure of DNA ; the formal announcement takes place on April 25 following publication in April's Nature ( pub.

Francis Harry Compton Crick, OM, FRS ( 8 June 1916 – 28 July 2004 ) was an English molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, and most noted for being a co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule in 1953 together with James D. Watson.

Francis Harry Compton Crick was the first son of Harry Crick ( 1887 – 1948 ) and Annie Elizabeth Crick, née Wilkins, ( 1879 – 1955 ).

( Randall had turned down Francis Crick from working at King's College.

* Children: Michael Francis Compton ( b. 25 November 1940 ) Doreen Crick ; Gabrielle Anne ( b. 15 July 1951 ) and Jacqueline Marie-Therese Nichols ( b. 12 March 1954, d. 28 February 2011 ) Odile Crick ;

Serious efforts to understand how proteins are encoded began after the structure of DNA was discovered by James Watson and Francis Crick, who used the experimental evidence of Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin ( among others ).

Confirmation and clarity came a year later in 1953, when James D. Watson and Francis Crick correctly hypothesized, in their journal article " Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid ", the double helix structure of DNA, and suggested the copying mechanism by which DNA functions as hereditary material.

Using X-ray crystallography, the structure of DNA was discovered by James Watson and Francis Crick with the help of previously documented experimental evidence by Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin.

After James Watson and Francis Crick published the structure of DNA in the early 1950s, General Systems Theory lost many of its adherents in the physical and biological sciences.

* 1916 – Francis Crick, English biologist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 2004 )

Criticism of Neural " Darwinism " was made by Francis Crick who pointed to the absence of replication in the theory, a requirement for natural selection.

Francis Crick recognized the potential importance of the Griffith protein-only hypothesis for scrapie propagation in the second edition of his " Central dogma of molecular biology ": while asserting that the flow of sequence information from protein to protein, or from protein to RNA and DNA was " precluded ", he noted that Griffith's hypothesis was a potential contradiction ( although it was not so promoted by Griffith ).

The Nobel prize winner Francis Crick, along with Leslie Orgel proposed seeds of life may have been purposely spread by an advanced extraterrestrial civilization, but considering an early " RNA world " Crick noted later that life originating may have originated on Earth.

The Eagle in Cambridge is where Francis Crick interrupted patrons ' lunchtime on 28 February 1953 to announce that he and James Watson had " discovered the secret of life " after they had come up with their proposal for the structure of DNA.

* Hommage à Jean Cocteau, mélodies d ' Henri Sauguet, Arthur Honegger, Louis Durey, Darius Milhaud, Erik Satie, Jean Wiener, Max Jacob, Francis Poulenc, Maurice Delage, Georges Auric, Guy Sacre, by Jean-François Gardeil ( baryton ) and Billy Eidi ( piano ), CD Adda 581177, 1989

Examples include works by Richard Strauss, Maurice Duruflé, Francis Poulenc, Charles Villiers Stanford, Edmund Rubbra, Ralph Vaughan Williams, Lennox Berkeley, Morten Lauridsen, Edward Elgar, Hugo Distler, Ernst Krenek, and Michael Finnissy.

Diaghilev commissioned ballet music from composers such as Nikolai Tcherepnin ( Narcisse et Echo, 1911 ), Claude Debussy ( Jeux, 1913 ), Maurice Ravel ( Daphnis et Chloé, 1912 ), Erik Satie ( Parade, 1917 ), Manuel de Falla ( El Sombrero de Tres Picos, 1917 ), Richard Strauss ( Josephslegende, 1914 ), Sergei Prokofiev ( Ala and Lolly, rejected by Diaghilev and turned into the Scythian Suite ; Chout, 1915 revised 1920 ; Le pas d ' acier, 1926 ; and The Prodigal Son, 1929 ), Ottorino Respighi ( La Boutique fantasque, 1918 ), Francis Poulenc ( Les biches, 1923 ) and others.

The structure of DNA was determined in 1953 by James Watson, Francis Crick, Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins, following by developing techniques which allow to read DNA sequences and culminating in starting the Human Genome Project ( not finished in the 20th century ) and cloning the first mammal in 1996.

* Physiology or Medicine – Francis Harry Compton Crick, James Dewey Watson, Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins

William Allingham – Henry C. Beeching – Oliver Madox Brown – Olive Custance – John Davidson – Austin Dobson – Lord Alfred Douglas – Evelyn Douglas – Edward Dowden – Ernest Dowson – Michael Field – Norman Gale – Edmund Gosse – John Gray – William Ernest Henley – Gerard Manley Hopkins – Herbert P. Horne – Lionel Johnson – Andrew Lang – Eugene Lee-Hamilton – Maurice Hewlett – Edward Cracroft Lefroy – Arran and Isla Leigh – Amy Levy – John William Mackail – Digby Mackworth Dolben – Fiona MacLeod – Frank T. Marzials – Théophile Julius Henry Marzials – George Meredith – Alice Meynell – Cosmo Monkhouse – George Moore – William Morris – Frederick W. H. Myers – Roden Noël – John Payne – Victor Plarr – A. Mary F. Robinson – William Caldwell Roscoe – Christina Rossetti – Dante Gabriel Rossetti – Algernon Charles Swinburne – John Addington Symonds – Arthur Symons – Rachel Annand Taylor – Francis Thompson – John Todhunter – Herbert Trench – John Leicester Warren, Lord de Tabley – Rosamund Marriott Watson – Theodore Watts-Dunton – Oscar Wilde – Margaret L. Woods – Theodore Wratislaw – W. B. Yeats

The 1962 prize awarded to James D. Watson, Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins for their work on DNA structure and properties did not acknowledge the contributing work from others, such as Oswald Avery and Rosalind Franklin who had died by the time of the nomination.

When the new Duke Victor Amadeus I was forced to accept French occupation of Pinerolo in the Peace of Cherasco in 1631, there was widespread dissatisfaction in Piedmont, and Thomas Francis, with his brother, Prince Maurice, withdrew from the duchy to join the forces of Spain, prompting Victor Amadeus to confiscate his uncles ' Italian revenues.

His many students included Jehan Alain, Elsa Barraine, Francis Chagrin, Carlos Chávez, Maurice Duruflé, Georges Hugon, Jean Langlais, Olivier Messiaen, Manuel Ponce, Joaquín Rodrigo, David Van Vactor and Xian Xinghai.

On Saturday, October 20, 1962 the award of Nobel prizes to John Kendrew and Max Perutz, and to Francis Crick, James D. Watson, and Maurice Wilkins was ' satirised ' in a short sketch with the Nobel Prizes being referred to as ' The Alfred Nobel Peace Pools '; in this sketch Watson was called " Little J. D.

The Battle of Nieuwpoort, between a Dutch army under Maurice of Nassau and Francis Vere and a Spanish army under Albert of Austria, took place on 2 July 1600 near the present-day Belgian city Nieuwpoort.

Maurice had posted his best regiments there, under the command of the experienced Francis Vere, who ruled out sending any advance party, awaiting for the Spanish army to arrive.

However, in a manner befitting the Chapel's French architectural style and French-inspired organ, its speciality is perhaps the music of the great late French tradition, taking in the Masses of Louis Vierne, Maurice Duruflé, Jean Langlais, Charles-Marie Widor and Gabriel Fauré, as well as the motets of Marcel Dupré, Francis Poulenc, Pierre Villette and Olivier Messiaen.

The youngest child with three older brothers, she was raised in a highly educated and intellectual family and environment: her father Maurice Jacob was a physicist ; her mother, a psychologist ; one brother Francis Jacob, a musician ; and two brothers, scientists.

In common with the other corresponding societies its membership was predominantly drawn from artisans and working men: early members included Joseph Gerrald, Francis Place, Edward Marcus Despard, Maurice Margarot and Olaudah Equiano.

Maurice Francis Richard Shadbolt CBE ( Auckland, 4 June 1932 – Taumarunui, 10 October 2004 ) was a New Zealand writer and playwright.

Adapted by Maurice Roy Ridley, King Henry VI starred John Byron as Henry, Gladys Young as Margaret, Francis de Wolff as York and Stephen Murray as Richard.

In the meantime, Maurice Wilkins ' friend Francis Crick had joined forces with James Watson under the supervision of Max Perutz at the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge and under the overall direction of Lawrence Bragg.

While in New York Tiomkin gave a recital at Carnegie Hall which featured music by Maurice Ravel, Alexander Scriabin, Francis Poulenc, and Alexandre Tansman.

On October 29, 44 leading clergymen, including Dean Francis B. Sayre, Jr. of Washington National Cathedral, United Presbyterian Church Leader Eugene Carson Blake, Methodist Bishop John Wesley Lord, American Hebrew Congregations President Maurice Eisendrauth, and theologians Paul Tillich and Reinhold Niebuhr, issued a letter commenting on the Jenkins affair: "" We see the Jenkins episode as a case of human weakness.

The term also pertains to such earlier figures as the nineteenth century writers Frederick Denison Maurice ( The Kingdom of Christ, 1838 ), Charles Kingsley ( The Water-Babies, 1863 ), Thomas Hughes ( Tom Brown's Schooldays, 1857 ), Frederick James Furnivall ( co-creator of the Oxford English Dictionary ), Adin Ballou ( Practical Christian Socialism, 1854 ), and Francis Bellamy ( a Baptist minister and the author of the United States ' Pledge of Allegiance ).

Midway through the 1994 – 95 season Francis resigned and very quickly became manager of Tottenham Hotspur and Ray Wilkins was installed as player-manager.

At that time Wilkins also introduced Francis Crick to the importance of DNA.

In 1953, with the help of Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin ’ s X-ray crystallography, James Watson and Francis Crick proposed DNA is structured as a double helix.

In 1953, with the help of Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin ’ s X-ray crystallography, James Watson and Francis Crick proposed DNA is structured as a double helix.

* the discovery of the structure of DNA by James D. Watson, Francis Crick, Rosalind Franklin and Professor Maurice Wilkins.

Though it was originally slated to be published by Harvard University Press, Watson's home university dropped the arrangement after protestations from Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins, co-discoverers of the structure of DNA, and it was published instead by Atheneum in the USA and Weidenfeld and Nicholson in the UK.

Between 1931 and 1934, Wilkins was assistant NAACP secretary under Walter Francis White.

In response to his letter, thirty European gentlemen of Calcutta including Mr. Justice John Hyde, John Carnac, Henry Vansittart, John Shore, Charles Wilkins, Francis Gladwin, Jonathan Duncan and others gathered on January 15, 1784 in the Grand Jury Room of the old Supreme Court of Calcutta.

Francis Crick and James D. Watson at Cambridge University and Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin at King's College London.

Other 17th-century proposals for a ' philosophical ' ( i. e. universal ) language include those by Francis Lodwick, Thomas Urquhart ( possibly parodic ), George Dalgarno ( Ars signorum, 1661 ), and John Wilkins ( An Essay towards a Real Character and a Philosophical Language, 1668 ).

Work on philosophical languages was pioneered by Francis Lodwick ( A Common Writing, 1647 ; The Groundwork or Foundation laid ( or So Intended ) for the Framing of a New Perfect Language and a Universal Common Writing, 1652 ), Sir Thomas Urquhart ( Logopandecteision, 1652 ), George Dalgarno ( Ars signorum, 1661 ), and John Wilkins ( An Essay towards a Real Character, and a Philosophical Language, 1668 ).

The double-helix model of DNA structure was first published in the journal Nature by James D. Watson and Francis Crick in 1953, ( X, Y, Z coordinates in 1954 ) based upon the crucial X-ray diffraction image of DNA labeled as " Photo 51 ", from Rosalind Franklin in 1952, followed by her more clarified DNA image with Raymond Gosling, Maurice Wilkins, Alexander Stokes, and Herbert Wilson, as well as base-pairing chemical and biochemical information by Erwin Chargaff.

Established as The Picayune in 1837 by Francis Lumsden and George Wilkins Kendall, the paper's initial price was one picayune — a Spanish coin equivalent to 6¼ ¢ ( 1 / 16 $ US ).< ref name = " CJR ">

This work led directly to the 1962 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine being awarded to Francis Crick, James D. Watson and Maurice Wilkins.

Schrödinger's book was an important influence on Francis Crick, James D. Watson, and Maurice Wilkins who won a Nobel prize in Medicine for the discovery of the DNA double helix.