Congregationalists include the Pilgrims of Plymouth, and the Puritans of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, which were organized in union by the Cambridge Platform in 1648.

* Charles Hotham ( 1615 – c. 1672 ), rector of Wigan, a Cambridge scholar and author of Ad philosophiam Teutonicam Manuductio ( 1648 )

Cambridge was also the location of The Cambridge Platform, a declaration of church polity made in 1648 by New England Puritans.

The need to dissolve that failed attempt at interdenominationalism, which had already taken place among the Presbyterians, prompted the first national gathering of Congregationalists since the 1648 synod that produced the Cambridge Platform, a confession of faith similar to the Presbyterians ' Westminster Confession, at Boston in 1865.

The 15-minute episode is set in November 1648, during the last days of the Civil War.

The strategic advantages of submarines were set out by Bishop John Wilkins of Chester, England, in Mathematicall Magick in 1648:

The Republic of the United Provinces was officially recognized in the Peace of Westphalia ( 1648 ), and lasted until French revolutionary forces invaded in 1795 and set up a new republic, called the Batavian Republic which would be replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.

William I, Prince of Orange ( 24 April 1533 – 10 July 1584 ), also widely known as William the Silent (), or simply William of Orange (), was the main leader of the Dutch revolt against the Spanish that set off the Eighty Years ' War and resulted in the formal independence of the United Provinces in 1648.

The 120 Days Of Sodom is set in a remote medieval castle, high in the mountains and surrounded by forests, detached from the rest of the world and not set at any specific point in time ( although it is implied at the start that the events in the story take place either during or shortly after the Thirty Years ' War, which lasted from 1618 to 1648 ).

The first known European to settle on the island was Father Joseph Poncet, a French Jesuit, who set up a mission near Wikwemikong in 1648.

Similarly, when the Protector set up a House of Lords, Prynne expanded the tract in defence of their rights which he had published in 1648 into an historical treatise of five hundred pages.

Then in the following centuries the name recorded alternated between Luny and Nully, and it is only after 1648 that the name was definitely set as Nully.

* Twenty Years After, set in 1648 ; serialized from January to August, 1845.

Within a few years they had acquired another house in Paris and set up other establishments throughout France ; missions were also sent to Italy ( 1638 ), Tunis ( 1643 ), Algiers and Ireland ( 1646 ), Madagascar ( 1648 ), Poland ( 1651 ) and Turkey ( 1783 ).

The map of the world set into the floor of the great hall of the Amsterdam Town Hall was drawn from Blaeu's world map of 1648.

* Dreadnought was a 41-gun ship launched in 1573, rebuilt in 1592 and 1614, then broken up in 1648.

Historically it had been a part of the Netherlands ( Seventeen Provinces or Burgundian Netherlands ), up to 1648, but Luxembourg was still a part of the discussions.

The weakening of Spanish power at the end of the Thirty Years ' War in 1648 also meant that many colonial possessions of the Portuguese and some of the Spanish empire were effectively up for grabs.

But there were also new points of conflict: the decline of Spanish power at the end of the Thirty Years ' War in 1648, the colonial possessions of Portugal ( already in the midst of Portuguese Restoration War ), and perhaps even of a beleaguered Spain, were up for grabs.

Lilburne, who had exerted himself on behalf of Morris as far back as 1648, now actively took up his cause again.

In 1644 he became chaplain to Prince Charles Louis, nephew of King Charles I, who was in England ; from 1648 Charles Louis was able to take up his position as Elector of the Palatinate on the Rhine, as a consequence of the Peace of Westphalia.

By 1648 the library had built up to an estimated at 40, 000 volumes.

In 1648, the Company of the Isles of America started to wind up its affairs and in 1650 du Parquet bought the island.

Monck allowed the Presbyterian members, ' secluded ' in Pride's Purge of 1648, to re-enter parliament on 21 February 1660, the same time breaking up, as a matter affecting discipline, the political camarillas that had formed in his own regiments.

Newcastle left in 1648 for Rotterdam with the intention of joining the Prince of Wales in command of the rebellious navy, and finally took up his abode at Antwerp, where he remained till the Restoration.

In 1648 ill-health compelled him to give up his lectures at the Collège Royal.

He then marched into Luxembourg, but soon received orders to switch to the Rhine, for in 1648 Bavaria had returned to her Austrian alliance and had taken up arms again.

He began by summing up the " series of Providences " that had brought them to this point, starting with the Short Parliament and singling out 1648 as the " most memorable year that ever this nation saw ".

In 1648 he was deprived of his studentship by the parliamentary visitors, and during the next few years he resided chiefly at Oxford with his brother-in-law, Thomas Willis, at whose house opposite Merton College he and his friends Richard Allestree and John Dolben kept up the service of the Church of England throughout the Commonwealth.

The modern necktie taken up, then spread by, Western Europe traces back to the time of Thirty Years ' War ( 1618 – 1648 ) when Croatian mercenaries from the Croatian Military Frontier in French service, wearing their traditional small, knotted neckerchiefs, aroused the interest of the Parisians.

* Truth Lifting up its Head above Scandals ( 1649, Dedication dated October 16, 1648 ), Gerrard Winstanley

By 1628, the town was changing overlords and occupation armies repeatedly as the war dragged on, ending up in Imperial hands by the time the war ended in 1648.

However, his losses were made good by the defection of the Royalist garrison of Cork, who had been Parliamentarians up to 1648, back to the Parliament side.

In 1646 his regiment was disbanded and in 1648 he was relieved of all appointments He moved permanently to London, having previously transferred his estate to his son John, with whom he kept up a regular correspondence on politics, family matters and the running of the estate

Mayne wrote two plays before giving up poetry as unbefitting his station: The City Match ( 1639 ), a domestic farce acted at Whitehall by the command of King Charles I ; and The Amorous War ( 1648 ), a tragicomedy.

Chernihiv ( Chernigov, Czernihów ) Voivodeship () was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland ( Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ) from 1635 until Khmelnytsky Uprising in 1648 ( but technically existed up until 1654 ).

The public international law originates in the Peace of Westphalia in Osnabrück and Münster ( 1648 )

There were three public houses next to the Palace in 1648, called Heaven, Purgatory, and Hell.

Fifty etched plates, most of them dated 1647 – 1648, were disposed of in 1686. there are 220 of his pictures in public and private collections, of which 104 are signed and dated, while seventeen are signed with the name but not with the date.

It was, however, reserved to Saint Jean Eudes ( d. 1681 ) to propagate the devotion, to make it public, and to have a feast celebrated in honor of the Heart of Mary, first at Autun in 1648 and afterwards in a number of French dioceses.

Although the revision of Meletij Smotrickij ’ s grammar published in Moscow in 1648 does not include in its alphabet, it does consistently write ( Etymologia ), in contrast to in the first edition of 1619.