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** AVL tree
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AVL and tree
In computer science, an AVL tree is a self-balancing binary search tree, and it was the first such data structure to be invented.
In other words AVL tree is a binary search tree where the height of the left subtree differs from the height of the right subtree by at most 1 level, if it exceeds 1 level then rebalancing occurs.
The AVL tree is named after its two Soviet inventors, G. M. Adelson-Velskii and E. M. Landis, who published it in their 1962 paper " An algorithm for the organization of information.
Basic operations of an AVL tree involve carrying out the same actions as would be carried out on an unbalanced binary search tree, but modifications are preceded or followed by one or more operations called tree rotations, which help to restore the height balance of the subtrees.
Tree rotations are used in a number of tree data structures such as AVL trees, red-black trees, splay trees, and treaps.
* AVL tree, red-black tree, and splay tree, kinds of binary search tree data structures that use rotations to maintain balance.
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