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** Islamic theology
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** and Islamic
** Supreme Islamic Iraqi Council ( al-Majlis al-alalith-thaura l-islamiyya fil-Iraq )-led by Ammar al-Hakim
** Islamic Dawa Party-Iraq Organisation ( Hizb al-Da ' wa al-Islami Tendeem al-Iraq )-led by Kasim Muhammad Taqi al-Sahlani
** The second was based in Cyprus and led by Homayoun Jarir, a member of the Islamic Party of his father-in-law, Gulbuddin Hekmatyar.
** The armed wing of the Islamic Salvation Front concludes its negotiations with the government for an amnesty and disbands in Algeria ( see Algerian Civil War # GIA destroyed, GSPC discontinues )
** War in Somalia ( 2006 – 2009 ) – involved largely Ethiopian and Somali Transitional Federal Government ( TFG ) forces whom fought against the Somali Islamist umbrella group, the Islamic Court Union ( ICU ), and other affiliated militias for control of the country.
** In the Algerian local election, Algeria's first multiparty election since 1962, the Islamic Salvation Front wins control of more than half of municipalities and 32 of Algeria's 48 provinces.
** Members of the Armed Islamic Group in Algeria kill 7 French Trappist monks, after talks with French government concerning the imprisonment of several GIA sympathisers break down.
** Furthermore, the Qa ´ id Jami al-Muslimin ( Leader of the Community of Muslims ) of Pingnan Guo (" Pacified South State ", a major Islamic rebellious polity in western Yunnan province ) is usually referred to in foreign sources as Sultan.
** and theology
** Apophatic theology – negative theology which seeks to describe God by negation ( e. g., immutable, impassible ).
** Sola gratia ( Latin for " grace alone "), a Protestant axiom rooted in the theology of Augustine of Hippo
** Master of Theology ( 2 years, offered in English ) specializing in Lutheran, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal or Methodist theology.
Islamic and theology
In metaphysics, Aristotelianism had a profound influence on philosophical and theological thinking in the Islamic and Jewish traditions in the Middle Ages, and it continues to influence Christian theology, especially the scholastic tradition of the Catholic Church.
... As for our culture, it is based on the Holy Quran, the Sunna and the legal rulings of the faqih who is our source of imitation ...</ div > Hezbollah follows the Islamic Shi ' a theology developed by Iranian revolutionary leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.
In Islamic theology, a person who spontaneously " discovers " monotheism is called a ḥanīf, the original ḥanīf being Abraham.
In general, Moses is described in ways which parallel the prophet Muhammad, and " his character exhibits some of the main themes of Islamic theology ," including the " moral injunction that we are to submit ourselves to God.
From the 8th century, the Mutazilite school of Islam, compelled to defend their principles against the orthodox Islam of their day, looked for support in philosophy, and are among the first to pursue a rational Islamic theology, called Ilm-al-Kalam ( scholastic theology ).
In 1861, there were 571 primary and 94 secondary schools for Ottoman Christians with 140, 000 students in total, a figure that vastly exceeded the number of Muslim children in school at the same time, who were further hindered by the amount of time spent learning Arabic and Islamic theology.
It had much in common with the Mutazalite Islamic thinking in that the Roman Catholics though subordinating philosophy to theology did not subject reason to revelation but in the case of contradictions, subordinated reason to faith as the Asharite of Islam.
In Islamic philosophy, skepticism was established by Al-Ghazali ( 1058 – 1111 ), known in the West as " Algazel ", as part of the orthodox Ash ' ari school of Islamic theology, whose method of skepticism shares many similarities with Descartes ' method.
Nevertheless, Jewish theology historically has been very active and highly significant for Christian and Islamic theology.
Those who believe and those who are Jews and Christians, and Sabians, whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day and do righteous good deeds shall have their reward with their Lord, on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve ... let there be no compulsion in religion "-that all monotheistic religions or people of the book have a chance of salvation, to the most exclusive teaching common amongst Salafis and Wahhabis, and supported by several works of medieval Islamic theology and by traditions ( hadith ) which are considered correct ( sahih ) by Sunni Muslims, for the most part are summed up in Surah 9: 5, 29: " Then, when the sacred months have passed, slay the idolaters wherever ye find them, and take them, and besiege them, and lay in wait in every stratagem of war.
(), better known just as Ibn Rushd (), and in European literature as Averroes (; April 14, 1126 – December 10, 1198 ), was an Andalusian Muslim polymath ; a master of Aristotelian philosophy, Islamic philosophy, Islamic theology, Maliki law and jurisprudence, logic, psychology, politics, Arabic music theory, and the sciences of medicine, astronomy, geography, mathematics, physics and celestial mechanics.
Averroes's works were spread over 20, 000 pages covering a variety of different subjects, including early Islamic philosophy, logic in Islamic philosophy, Arabic medicine, Arabic mathematics, Arabic astronomy, Arabic grammar, Islamic theology, Sharia ( Islamic law ), and Fiqh ( Islamic jurisprudence ).
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