** Wandala ( Mandara ) ( A. 4 )

** Sultans of Malacca, see Sultanate of Malacca

** Datus, Rajas, and Sultans of the Philippine Islands, see Sultanate of Sulu and History of the Philippines

** Ziauddin Barani, historian and political thinker of the Delhi Sultanate ( b. 1285 )

** Funj Sultanate of Sinnar ( Sennar )

** Rey Bouba Sultanate founded 1804

** Bangassou created ca. 1878 ; 14 June 1890 under Congo Free State protectorate, 1894 under French protectorate ; 1917 Sultanate suppressed by the French.

** Rafai ca. 1875 Sultanate, 8 April 1892 under Congo Free State protectorate, March 31, 1909 under French protectorate ; 1939 Sultanate suppressed

** Zemio ca. 1872 established ; December 11, 1894 under Congo Free State protectorate, April 12, 1909 under French protectorate ; 1923 Sultanate suppressed

** the Sarkin Damagaram since the 1731 founding of the Sultanate of Damagaram ( Zinder )

** Sultanate of Banjar

** Sultanate of Berau

** Sultanate of Bulungan

** Sultanate of Gunung Tabur

** Sultanate of Kubu

** Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara

** Sultanate of Mempawah

** Sultanate of Paser

** Sultanate of Pontianak

** Sultanate of Sambaliung

** Sultanate of Sambas

** Sultanate of Buton

** Sultanate of Bone

** Sultanate of Gowa

** The numbers and are algebraic since they are roots of polynomials and, respectively.

** The golden ratio is algebraic since it is a root of the polynomial.

** Langer Eugen, since 2006 the centre of the United Nations Campus, formerly housing the offices of the members of the German parliament

** Franklin Field, a football field once home to the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League and the home field of the University of Pennsylvania Quakers since 1895

** In particular, the cofinality of any nonzero finite ordinal, or indeed any finite directed set, is 1, since such sets have a greatest element.

** Nazarov was Dictator of the Don Republic ( which before, since its founding on 2 December 1917 at Novocherkassk, had been governed by a Triumvirate including the last pre-Soviet Ataman, Aleksei Maksimovich Kaledin ) from 11 February 1918 till 25 February 1918 when Bolshevik troops ended their existence

** Modern Egypt: since 1882

** Vice president ( since 1992 ): Wilhelm von Gottberg

** Sknyatino – underwater since flooding during the 1930s.

** President of the Central Bank of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea: Ri Kwang-gon ( since April 2009 )

** There were Occitan-speaking colonies in Württemberg ( Germany ) since the 18th century, the latter as a consequence of the Camisard war.

** Portland Timbers, American professional soccer club since 2011

** Mediation attempts in the 2011-2012 Yemeni uprising since c. 2011

** Peace process in the Israeli – Palestinian conflict, efforts since c. 1991 to find a political accommodation for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict

** Western Sahara peace process-efforts since c. 1991 to solve the Western Sahara crisis

** Championship since, when in New York.

** Championship since moving to San Francisco.

** Major sports championship since the 49ers won Super Bowl XXIX in 1995.

** World Series championship since the Oakland Athletics swept the Giants in.

** Major sports championship since the 49ers win in Super Bowl XXIX.

** Theatre of the United Kingdom – introduced by the Romans and part of the British culture since at least 1585.

** Vasa ( ship ), a Swedish warship that sank in 1628, since restored

** Internet Explorer since 2001

** In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the 15th century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras I meet in Jerusalem.

** British businessman Greville Wynne, imprisoned in Moscow since 1963 for spying, is exchanged for Soviet spy Gordon Lonsdale.