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** Self-phase modulation ( SPM ), an effect due to the Optical Kerr effect ( and possibly higher order nonlinearities ) caused by the temporal variation in the intensity creating a temporal variation in the refractive index
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** and Self-phase
** Optical solitons, An equilibrium solution for either an optical pulse ( temporal soliton ) or Spatial mode ( spatial soliton ) that does not change during propagation due to a balance between diffraction and the Kerr effect ( e. g. Self-phase modulation for temporal and Self-focusing for spatial solitons ).
** and modulation
** Double-sideband modulation ( DSB )
** Single-sideband modulation ( SSB, or SSB-AM )
** Vestigial sideband modulation ( VSB, or VSB-AM )
** Quadrature amplitude modulation ( QAM )
** Frequency modulation ( FM ) ( here the frequency of the carrier signal is varied in accordance to the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal )
** Phase modulation ( PM ) ( here the phase shift of the carrier signal is varied in accordance to the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal )
** M-ary vestigial sideband modulation, for example 8VSB
** Polar modulation like QAM a combination of PSK and ASK.
** discrete multitone ( DMT )-including adaptive modulation and bit-loading.
** Delta-sigma modulation
** The " nominal frequency " or the center frequency of an analog frequency modulation, phase modulation, or double-sideband suppressed-carrier transmission ( DSB-SC ) ( AM-suppressed carrier ), radio wave
** In very technical language: The nominal frequency or center frequency of various kinds of radio signals with digital modulation -- provided that the message bit stream is a random uncorrelated sequence of equally probable ones and zeroes (" marks " and " spaces ")
** In an AM ( amplitude modulation ) transmitter the amplitude ( strength ) of the carrier wave is varied in proportion to the audio signal.
** In an FM ( frequency modulation ) transmitter the frequency of the carrier is varied by the audio signal.
** Frequency modulation synthesis, a form of audio synthesis where the timbre of a simple waveform is changed by frequency modulating it with a modulating frequency that is also in the audio range
** Frequency modulation synthesis, a sound-generation technique popularized by early digital music synthesizers
** decal, modulation blending, tiling ( 16K / 128K texture buffer built-in )
** Pulse-code modulation ( PCM )
** Oscillator Synchronization, Ring modulation
** Inter-carrier interference ( ICI ), caused by doppler shift in OFDM modulation
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