* 1839 – Nikolai Przhevalsky, Russian explorer ( d. 1888 )

* 1973 – Nikolai Valuev, Russian boxer

* 1999 – Prince Nikolai of Denmark

Nikolai Tsonev, defence minister under the 2005 – 2009 cabinet, undertook steps to provide the members of the military and their families with certain privileges in terms of healthcare and education, and to improve living conditions.

* 1766 – Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin, Russian writer ( d. 1826 )

* 1792 – Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky, Russian mathematician ( d. 1856 )

* 1883 – Nikolai Luzin, Russian mathematician ( d. 1950 )

From 16 May – 17 June 1955, Nikolai Bulganin and Anastas Mikoyan visited Yugoslavia and Khrushchev renounced the expulsion of Yugoslavia from the Communist bloc.

* 1940 – Nikolai Yezhov, Soviet secret police official ( b. 1895 )

* 1831 – Nikolai Leskov, Russian writer ( d. 1895 )

* 1903 – Nikolai Podgorny, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet ( d. 1983 )

* 1980 – Nikolai Antropov, Kazakh ice hockey player

* 2012 – Nikolai Petrovich Ivanov, Russian rower ( b. 1949 )

* 1904 – Eugen Schauman assassinates Nikolai Bobrikov, Governor-General of Finland.

* 1862 – Nikolai Yudenich, Russian general ( d. 1933 )

* 1973 – Nikolai Khabibulin, Russian ice hockey player

Both the form of the Kolmogorov – Smirnov test statistic and its asymptotic distribution under the null hypothesis were published by Andrey Kolmogorov, while a table of the distribution was published by Nikolai Vasilyevich Smirnov.

As Nikolai Ryzhkov describes it in his memoirs, " every Thursday morning he ( Mikhail Gorbachev ) would sit in his office like a little orphan – I would often be present at this sad procedure – nervously awaiting a telephone call from the sick Chernenko: Would he come to the Politburo himself or would he ask Gorbachev to stand in for him this time again?

* Nikolai Gerasimovich Kuznetsov ( 1904 – 1974 ), an Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union

* Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kuznetsov ( 1911 – 1995 ), a prominent Soviet aerospace engineer and the chief of the Kuznetsov Design Bureau

* 2233 Kuznetsov, an asteroid named for Nikolai Ivanovich Kuznetsov ( 1911 – 1944 ), a Russian partisan fighter of World War II, and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

* 1985 – Nikolai Topor-Stanley, Australian footballer

* 1740 – Nikolai Arkharov, Russian general ( d. 1814 )

* 2004 – Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh, Russian astronomer ( b. 1931 )

* January 21 – Igor Moiseyev, Russian choreographer ( d. 2007 )

Igor Alexandrovich Moiseyev () ( – November 2, 2007 ) has been widely acclaimed as the greatest 20th-century choreographer of character dance, a dance style similar to folk dance but with more professionalism and theatrics.

* 357 – Battle of Strasbourg: Julian, Caesar ( deputy emperor ) and supreme commander of the Roman army in Gaul, wins an important victory against the Alemanni at Strasbourg ( Argentoratum ).

* 1958 – Brian Paddick, English deputy police officer and politician

* Armand Joseph Dubernad ( 1741 – 1799 ), financial trader, consul general of the Holy Roman Empire, deputy, mayor and cofounder of the first Jacobin Club of Brittany.

He served as deputy chairman of the SPD party of Wuppertal, and was elected later on to the City Council ( 1964 – 1978 ), where he served as chairman of the SPD Group ( 1964 – 1967 ) and later as Mayor ( 1969 – 1970 ).

By this time, Goebbels had gained the position he had wanted so long – at the side of Hitler, albeit only because of his subservience to Bormann, who was the Führers de facto deputy.

* 1954 – Sergei Storchak, Russian deputy finance minister

* 69 – Lucius Calpurnius Piso Licinianus is appointed by Galba to deputy Roman Emperor.

During 1942 – 43 Philby's responsibilities were expanded to include North Africa and Italy, and he was made the deputy head of Section V under Major Felix Cowgill, an army officer seconded to SIS.

* 1990 – Nelson Mandela is elected deputy President of the African National Congress.

* 1945 – World War II: Ratification in Berlin-Karlshorst of the German unconditional surrender of May 8 in Rheims, France, with the signatures of Marshal Georgy Zhukov for the Soviet Union, and for the Western Headquarters Sir Arthur Tedder, British Air Marshal and Eisenhower's deputy, and for the German side of Colonel-General Hans-Jürgen Stumpff as the representative of the Luftwaffe, Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel as the Chief of Staff of OKW, and Admiral Hans-Georg von Friedeburg as Commander-in-Chief of the Kriegsmarine.

With the Labour left still strong – in 1981 Benn decided to challenge Healey for the deputy leadership of the party, a contest Healey won narrowly – Foot struggled to make an impact and was widely criticised for it, though his performances in the Commons, most notably on the Falklands war of 1982, won him widespread respect from other parliamentarians, though he was criticised by some on the left who felt that he should not have supported the Thatcher government's immediate resort to military action.

* 2001 – Robert Fletcher Shaw, Canadian civil servant, deputy commissioner general of the Expo 67 ( b. 1910 )

* 2008 – Tina Lagostena Bassi, Italian lawyer, Italian deputy for Forza Italia party, showoman and writer ( b. 1926 )

* Richard Butler, 1st Earl of Arran ( 1639 – 1686 ), 1st Earl of Arran, marshal of the army in Ireland, lord deputy of Ireland

* 1941 – The Holocaust: Karl Fritzsch, deputy camp commandant of the Auschwitz concentration camp, experiments with the use of Zyklon B in the gassing of Soviet POWs.

* January 4, 2006 – Powers are transferred from Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon to his deputy, Vice Prime Minister Ehud Olmert, after Sharon suffers a massive hemorrhagic stroke.

* July 20 – White House deputy counsel Vince Foster commits suicide in Virginia.

* June 1 – Alexander Zakharov, Soviet and Russian deputy scientist and astronomer, IKI

* June 28 – A new government is formed in Turkey, with Necmettin Erbakan of Refah Partisi becoming prime minister of the coalition government, and deputy and foreign minister Tansu Çiller of the True Path Party succeeding him after two years.

* November 21 – The United Nations Security Council recommends Egypt's deputy prime minister Boutros Boutros-Ghali to be the next Secretary-General of the United Nations.

* January 10 – Lucius Calpurnius Piso Licinianus is adopted by Galba and appointed to deputy Roman Emperor.

* January 31 – Sergei Ivanov, first deputy prime minister of Russia and former minister of defense of Russia