* Albert III, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel ( c. 1250 – 1300 )

* 1194 – Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor ( d. 1250 )

Subsequently, the Druze chiefs of the Gharb placed their considerable military experience at the disposal of the Mamluk rulers of Egypt ( 1250 – 1516 ); first, to assist them in putting an end to what remained of Crusader rule in coastal Syria, and later to help them safeguard the Syrian coast against Crusader retaliation by sea.

* 1250 – Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor ( b. 1194 )

Early sources: river Ilfing ( 890 ), Castrum de Elbingo quod a nomine fluminis Elbingum appellavit ( 1237 — Peter of Dusburg, Chronicon terrae Prussiae ), in Elbingo ( 1239 ), in Elbing ( 1242 ), in Elbinge ... fluvium Elbinc ( 1246, city charter ), de Elbingo ( 1250 ), in Elbyngo ( 1258 ), vitra Elbingum ( 1263 ), Elvingo ( 1293 ), in Elbingo ( 1300 ), in Elvingo ( 1389 ), czum Elbinge ( 1392 ), czu Elbing ( 1403 ), Elwing ( 1410 ), czum Elwinge ( 1412 ), Elbing ( 1414 – 1438 ), Elbyang ( before 1454 ), Elbing ( 1508 ), ku Elbiągowi ( 1634 ), w Elblągu ( 1661 ), w Elblągu ( 1661 ).

* 1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of Al Mansurah.

from: 1250 till: 1809 shift :(, 0 ) text: Swedish rule c. 1250 – 1809

* 1327 – Nikephoros Choumnos, Byzantine scholar and statesman ( b. 1250 / 55 )

The earliest longbow known from England, found at Ashcott Heath, Somerset, is dated to 2665 BC, but no longbows survive from the period when the longbow was dominant ( c. 1250 – 1450 AD ), probably because bows became weaker, broke and were replaced, rather than being handed down through generations.

# John Tristan of Valois ( 1250 – 3 August 1270 ), married Yolande of Burgundy

Further information: History of the Jewish people-Arab Rule ( 641 – 1250 )

According to some newer data, it happened at 1410 – 1250 BC making the Neva a rather young river.

The average width along the river is 400 – 600 m. The widest places ( 1000 – 1250 m ) are in the delta, near the gates of Sea trading port, at the end of the Ivanovo rapids near the confluence of the river Tosna, and near the island Fabrinchny near the source.

Bertoldo's son, Gentile II ( 1250 – 1318 ), was two times Senator of Rome, podestà of Viterbo and, from 1314, Gran Giustiziere (" Great Justicer ") of the Kingdom of Naples.

Subsequently he received several ecclesiestical benefices, becoming archdeacon in Bologna ( 1244 ) and Parma ( 1244 / 48 – 1255 ), canon and chancellor of the cathedral chapter in Reims ( 1243 – 1250 ), canon and dean of the chapter in Piacenza ( c. 1247 ) and canon of the cathedral chapter in Paris ( 1244 / 45 – 1270 ).

The table itself is considerably older ; dendrochronology calculates the date of construction to 1250 – 1280 — during the reign of Edward I — using timber from store felled over a period of years.

Other Italian poets of the time, including Dante Alighieri ( 1265 – 1321 ) and Guido Cavalcanti ( c. 1250 – 1300 ) wrote sonnets, but the most famous early sonneteer was Petrarca ( known in English as Petrarch ).

( eds ) ( 2006 ) Writing Medieval Biography, 750 – 1250: Essays in Honour of Professor Frank Barlow.

Another influential medieval Halakhic work following the order of the Babylonian Talmud, and to some extent modelled on Alfasi, was " the Mordechai ", a compilation by Mordechai ben Hillel ( c. 1250 – 1298 ).

Around 1250 in a poem bewailing the defeat of the Seventh Crusade by Austorc d ' Aorlhac refers to Bafomet.

Mansoura National Museum used to be Dar Ibn Lockman, the house where Louis IX was imprisoned in 1250 during the Seventh Crusade.

* Robert II ( 1250 – 1302 ), who succeeded to Artois after Robert I was killed in Egypt during the Seventh Crusade, led by his brother Louis IX of France.

In 1250, only ten years before the battle of Ain Jalut, the same Bahariyya Mamluks ( Qutuz, Baibars and Qalawun ) led Egypt against the Seventh Crusade of Louis IX King of France.

Shajar al-Durr ( Arabic: شجر الدر, " Tree of Pearls ") ( Royal name: al-Malikah Ismat ad-Din Umm-Khalil Shajar al-Durr ( Arabic: الملكة عصمة الدين أم خليل شجر الدر ) ( nicknamed: أم خليل, Umm Khalil ; mother of Khalil ) ( d. 1257, Cairo ) was the widow of the Ayyubid Sultan as-Salih Ayyub who played a crucial role after his death during the Seventh Crusade against Egypt ( 1249 – 1250 ).

# John Tristan ( 1250 – 3 August 1270 ), born in Egypt on his father's first Crusade and died in Tunisia on his second

In 1250 Baibars was one of the Mamluk commanders who defended Al Mansurah against the Crusade knights of Louis IX of France, who was later definitely defeated, captured in Fariskur and ransomed.

While Jews ( identifiable by their distinctive hats in this 1250 French Bible illustration ) were being killed by First Crusade | Crusaders in Germany, Boleslaus III invited them to the safety of Poland.

In 1250 the Mamluks seized control of Egypt from the Ayyubids, and by 1261 had managed to assert themselves in Syria as well their most famous ruler was Baibars.

Under Saladin and the Ayyubids of Egypt, the power of the mamluks increased until they claimed the sultanate in 1250, ruling as the Mamluk Sultanate.

In 1250, the Ayyubids were overthrown by the Mamelukes, who established the Bahri dynasty and whose rulers also took the title sultan.

from: 1171 till: 1250 text: Ayyubids

* List of the kings of Egypt from the Temple of Ramesses II ( 1250 BC )

In 1250 slave soldiers, known as the Mamluks, seized control of Egypt and like many of their predecessors established Cairo as the capital of their new dynasty.

** Arab Egypt: 639 to 1250

** Mamluk Egypt: 1250 to 1517

* 1250 – The Bahri dynasty of Mamluks seize power in Egypt.

However, his piety does not seem to have matched that of his brother ( Jean de Joinville relates a tale of Louis catching him gambling on the voyage from Egypt to Acre ) and he returned with his brother Alphonse in May 1250.

# Robert ( 25 September 1216 – 9 February 1250, killed in Battle of Al Mansurah, Egypt )

* Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, an Egyptian sultanate ruled by Mamluks that existed between 1250 and 1517, and included Egypt, the Levant, and Hejaz.

Most notably, mamluk factions seized the sultanate for themselves in Egypt and Syria in a period known as the Mamluk Sultanate ( 1250 – 1517 ).

* 1250 Shajar al-Durr ( al-Salih Ayyub's Widow de facto ruler of Egypt )

The most flourishing period of Kurdish power was probably during the 12th century, when the great Saladin, who belonged to the Rawendi branch of the Hadabani ( or Adiabene ) tribe, founded the Ayyubite ( 1171 – 1250 ) dynasty of Syria, and Kurdish chieftainships were established, not only to the west of the Kurdistan mountains in Syria, but as far away as Egypt and Yemen.

In December 1250, he attacked Egypt after hearing of al-Mu ' azzam Turan-Shah's death and the ascension of Shajar al-Durr.

*** Arab Egypt ( 639 to 1250 )

*** Mamluk Egypt ( 1250 to 1517 )

The Mamluk state, which ruled Egypt and Syria from 1250 to 1516 CE, introduced the practice of appointing four chief qadis, one for each of the Sunni legal schools ( madhhabs ).

The Bahri dynasty or Bahriyya Mamluks ( al-Mamalik al-Bahariyya المماليك البحرية ) was a Mamluk dynasty of mostly Kipchak Turkic origin that ruled Egypt from 1250 to 1382 when they were succeeded by the Burji dynasty, another group of Mamluks.

In 1250, when the Ayyubid sultan as-Salih Ayyub died, the Mamluks he had owned as slaves murdered his son and heir Turanshah, and Shajar al-Durr the widow of as-Salih became the Sultana of Egypt.

From 1250 Egypt had been ruled by the Turkish Mamluk Bahri dynasty.

* 1250 Shajar al-Durr ( al-Salih Ayyub's Widow de facto ruler of Egypt )