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* 1278 – August 26 – Kings Rudolph I of Germany and Ladislaus IV of Hungary defeat King Otakar II of Bohemia in the Battle of Marchfield, a match of over 80, 000 men and the largest battle of knights in the Middle Ages.
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1278 and –
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* 9 Prince and Princesses of Achaea ( 1278 – 1289, 1313 – 1322, 1333 – 1381, 1383 – 1386 )
** Charles I ( 1278 – 1285 )
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By the years 1278 – 1283 the eradication of the local culture was complete, even though its remnants survived in the forest for decades to come.
* December 26 – Philip I of Taranto ( b. 1278 )
* March 22 – Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, English politician ( b. 1278 )
* 1278 – The independence, boundaries, and political structure of Andorra are agreed to by the Spanish Bishop of Urgell and the French Count of Foix.
* 1278 – An edict by Pope Nicholas III requires all Jews to attend conversion sermons.
* 1278 – The earliest known written copy of the Avesta, a collection of ancient sacred Persian Zoroastrian texts previously passed down orally, is produced.
* 1278 – Nicola Pisano, Italian sculptor ( b. c. 1220 )
* 1278 – August 26 – Ottokar II of Bohemia, King of Bohemia ( b. c. 1230 )
* July 5 – Infante Ferdinand of Majorca ( b. 1278 )
As a result, within the electoral college, King Ottokar II of Bohemia ( 1230 – 1278 ), himself a candidate for the throne and related to the late Hohenstaufen king Philip of Swabia ( being the son of the eldest surviving daughter ), was almost alone in opposing Rudolph.
* Sesshō, Takatsukasa Kanehira, 1275 – 1278
1278 and August
On 26 August 1278, the rival armies met at the Battle on the Marchfeld, where Ottokar was defeated and killed.
In the next year he joined forces with King Rudolph and they defeated Ottokar II of Bohemia on 26 August 1278 in the Battle on the Marchfeld.
Ottokar II () ( c. 1233 – 26 August 1278 ), called The Iron and Golden King, was the King of Bohemia from 1253 until 1278.
Ottokar found allies and collected a large army, but he was defeated with Hungarian assistance and killed at the Battle of Dürnkrut and Jedenspeigen on the March on 26 August 1278.
Wenceslaus's father died on 26 August 1278 in the Battle on the Marchfeld shortly before Wenceslaus ' seventh birthday.
* Ottokar II of Bohemia ( c. 1230 – 26 August 1278 ).
The Battle on the Marchfeld ( i. e. Morava Field ; Czech: Bitva na Moravském poli ) at Dürnkrut and Jedenspeigen took place on August 26, 1278 and was a decisive event for the history of Central Europe for the following centuries.
1278 and 26
Philip I of Taranto ( 10 November 1278 – 26 December 1331 ): of the Angevin house, was titular Emperor of Constantinople ( as Philip II ), despot of Epirus, King of Albania, Prince of Achaea and Taranto, and Lord of Durazzo.
1220 / 5 – 26 / 31 December 1278 ) was a Duke of Kraków briefly in 1241, of Southern Greater Poland during 1241 – 1247, and Duke of all Silesia – Wrocław from 1241 until 1248, when it was divided between him and his brothers.
Bolesław II died on 26 / 31 December 1278 and was buried in the Dominican monastery of Legnica.
1278 and Rudolph
Election of Rudolph I of Germany as King of Germany over Otakar II of Bohemia in 1273 led to open war in 1276 and Otakar's death in 1278 at the climactic Battle of Marchfeld.
# 253v: Der Püller ( Konrad " the Apulian " von Hohenburg, probably participated in a campaign of Rudolph I against Ottokar II of Bohemia in 1278 )
He concluded a concordat with Rudolph I of Habsburg in May 1278, by which the Romagna and the exarchate of Ravenna were guaranteed to the Pope.
Part of its territory, the valley of Aegeri, was pledged by Rudolph in 1278 as security for a portion of the marriage gift he promised to Joanna, daughter of Edward I of England.
With Carniola, Bled was ceded to Rudolph of Habsburg after he defeated King Ottokar II of Bohemia at the Battle on the Marchfeld in 1278.
In spite of being supported by the German king Rudolph of Habsburg, who defeated Ottokar II at the 1278 Battle on the Marchfeld, Philip never gained actual power.
In 1278 King Rudolph I of Germany, a scion of the Sawabian House of Habsburg, finally seized both duchies from King Ottokar II of Bohemia, whom he defeated in the Battle on the Marchfeld.
Subsequently, Austria became of field of conflict between the Přemyslids and the Hungarian Árpád dynasty, in which Ottokar at first would prevail defeating King Béla at the 1260 Battle of Kressenbrunn, until finally being overthrown by the German king Rudolph of Habsburg at the Battle on the Marchfeld in 1278.
Both rivals finally did not prevail, as the duchies were seized as reverted fiefs by the Habsburg king Rudolph I of Germany after Ottokar's death at the Battle on the Marchfeld in 1278.
Rudolph of Habsburg had been chosen King of the Romans in 1273 and had defeated his rival Ottokar II of Bohemia who was killed at the 1278 Battle on the Marchfeld.
King Ottokar's II plans to turn Bohemia into the leading Estate of the Holy Roman Empire were aborted by his rival Rudolph of Habsburg at the 1278 Battle on the Marchfeld.
The Gesslers profited from the election of Count Rudolph of Habsburg as King of the Romans in 1273 and his acquisition of the Austrian and Styrian duchies after the victory over King Ottokar II of Bohemia at the 1278 Battle on the Marchfeld.
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