* 1385 – John, Master of the Order of Aviz, is made king John I of Portugal.

* History of Poland ( 1385 – 1569 )

** Andronikos IV Palaiologos ( 1348 – 1385 )

* 1463 – Isidore of Kiev ( b. 1385 )

This coalition was a prelude to Union of Krewo in 1385 and Union of Lublin in 1569 that resulted in the new state, Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth.

*** House of Aviz ( 1385 – 1580 ) – illegitimate male-line descent from the Capetian Dynasty

*** House of Bourbon – Preaux branch ( 1385 – 1429 )

** Mary ( 1382 – 1385, 1386 – 1395 )

** Charles II ( 1385 – 1386 )

* History of Poland ( 966 – 1385 )

Category: History of Poland ( 966 – 1385 )

* Jan van Eyck, painter ( c. 1385 – 1441 )

* History of Poland ( 966 – 1385 )

* History of Poland ( 1385 – 1569 )

The Grand Duchy, a formidable power, formed in 1385 a dynastic union with Poland and became Christianized, merging into the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1569.

Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor once again asked for help of Gustav I of Sweden, and The Kingdom of Poland ( 1385 – 1569 ) also began direct negotiations with Gustav, but nothing resulted because on September 29, 1560, Gustav I Vasa died.

Panel of glazed tiles by Jorge Colaço ( 1922 ) depicting an episode from the battle of Aljubarrota ( 1385 ) between the Portuguese and Crown of Castile | Castilian armies.

Additionally, in the Portuguese Chronicle by Gomes Eannes de Azurara ( 1454 ), Amadis is attributed to Vasco de Lobeira, who was knighted after the battle of Aljubarrota ( 1385 ).

In March 1385 he went to Coimbra, to which he had summoned the Portuguese Cortes ; they declared Beatrice illegitimate and proclaimed the Master of Aviz to be King of Portugal as John I on 6 April.

John I of Castile, accompanied by allied French cavalry, then entered Portugal again by way of Ciudad Rodrigo and Celorico to conquer Lisbon and remove John I from the Portuguese throne, but the disastrous defeats suffered by his army in Trancoso and Aljubarrota in May and August of 1385 ended any possibility of his reigning as king of Portugal.

John was the Master of the military order of Avis, and he would become the founder of the Avis dynasty in 1385, after defeating an attempt by Beatrice of Portugal and John I of Castile to ascend the Portuguese throne.

This led to the 1383 – 1385 Crisis, in which a good part of the Portuguese aristocracy and the people resisted their claim, invoking the Treaty of Salvaterra, and prevented the annexation of Portugal by Castille.

However, the majority of the Portuguese historians have argued that during the 1383 – 1385 period Portugal had no monarch, and Beatrice is not counted, in Portugal, as a national queen regnant.

On 6 April 1385, ( the anniversary of the " miraculous " battle of Atoleiros, a fortuitous date ), the council of the kingdom ( cortes in Portuguese ) assembled in Coimbra and declared him King John I of Portugal.

The 1383 – 1385 Crisis was a period of civil war in Portuguese history that began with the death of King Ferdinand I of Portugal, who left no male heirs, and ended with the accession to the throne of King John I in 1385, in the wake of the Battle of Aljubarrota.

In late 1384 and the early months of 1385, Nuno Álvares Pereira and John of Aviz pursued the war, but they did not manage to subdue the majority of those Portuguese cities then in favour of the Castilian cause.

* From 22 October 1383 until 6 April 1385, the Portuguese Interregnum, a result of the succession crisis caused by the death of Ferdinand I without a legitimate heir.

With the Portuguese victory in the Battle of Aljubarrota in 1385, John I, half-brother of Ferdinand and natural son of Pedro I, confirmed the kingship which had been bestowed upon him at the Cortes of Coimbra in April 1385.

* 1383 – 1385 Crisis, when Castile intervened unsuccessfully in a Portuguese civil war.

* The Battle of Aljubarrota that took place on August 14, 1385, 6, 500 Portuguese troops defeated the invading Spanish army of 31, 000 men.

On August 14, 1920 ( the same day of the 1385 Battle of Aljubarrota ), the five Paulista clubs representing the Portuguese community of São Paulo ( Lusíadas Futebol Club, Portugal Marinhense, Associação Cinco de Outubro, Associação Atlética Marquês de Pombal and Esporte Club Lusitano ) met at Salão da Câmara Portuguesa de Comércio to merge, and founded Associação Portuguesa de Esportes.

The Cross of Avis represents Portuguese independence from the Kingdom of Castille, which happened after the Battle of Aljubarrota on August 14, 1385.

After King John I of Portugal defeated King John I of Castile at the Battle of Aljubarrota, South Leiria, in 1385, fully establishing Portuguese independence, Catherine's parents, the Duke and Duchess of Lancaster, were encouraged to press their claim for the Castilian throne.

The third Count of Ourém was the celebrated Nuno Álvares Pereira, the knight who led the Portuguese army to victory against the Castilians in the Battle of Aljubarrota in 1385.

During the Portuguese Interregnum and 1383 – 1385 Crisis, the bourgeoisie and nobles of Sines were one of the municipalities that supported the Master of the Order of Aviz, the later King John I of Portugal in his battle for the throne.

Category: People of the 1383 – 1385 Crisis

* John I, then Master of Aviz, was elected by the Council of the Kingdom King of Portugal on 6 April 1385 in the aftermath of 1383 – 1385 Crisis, his half-brother Ferdinand I had died without a male heir in October 1383, strenuous efforts were made to secure the throne for Princess Beatrice, Ferdinand's only daughter and Queen consort of Castile and León or her uncles Infante John, Duke of Valencia de Campos and Infante Denis, Lord of Cifuentes, but the Council elected the younger and yet illegitimate son of Peter I.

But a rebellion led by the Master of the Order of Aviz, the future John I, immediately began, leading to the 1383 – 1385 Crisis.

Category: People of the 1383 – 1385 Crisis

Without an undisputed option, Portugal remained without king between 1383 and 1385, in an interregnum known as the 1383 – 1385 Crisis.

Category: Battles of the 1383 – 1385 Crisis

* John, Prince of Portugal ( 1349 – 1397 ), claimant to the throne during the 1383 – 1385 Crisis.

* Denis, Prince of Portugal ( 1354 – 1397 ), claimant to the throne during the 1383 – 1385 Crisis.

Category: 1383 – 1385 Crisis

# Redirect 1383 – 1385 Crisis

1383 – 1385 Crisis ·

With the victory at the Battle of Aljubarrota, John I was recognized as the undisputed King of Portugal, putting an end to the interregnum and anarchy of the 1383 – 1385 Crisis.

During the 1383 – 1385 Crisis, in which Portugal was almost conquered by neighbouring Castile, Nuno Álvares Pereira established his headquarters in Estremoz, and defeated the Castilian army nearby in the Battle of Atoleiros.

Since large segments of the nobility did not side with John I in the 1383 – 1385 Crisis and the subsequent war with Castile, they lost their lands once the new king secured his claim to the throne.

It was the first major battle of the 1383 – 1385 Crisis.

Category: Battles of the 1383 – 1385 Crisis