* 1808 – John Jacob Astor incorporates the American Fur Company, that would eventually make him America's first millionaire.

* 1808 – Hamilton Fish, American politician ( d. 1893 )

* Haliotis laevigata Donovan, 1808 – the Smooth Australian abalone or greenlip abalone

* Haliotis spadicea Donovan, 1808 – the Blood-spotted abalone

Andrew Johnson ( December 29, 1808 July 31, 1875 ) was the 17th President of the United States ( 1865 – 1869 ).

In European Spain, or just " the Peninsula " in the jargon of the Spains, after economic and human ravages of the Napoleonic Invasion ( 1808 ) and the War of Liberation ( 1808 – 1814 ) there ensued the aforementioned Latinamerican conflicts, in addition to the Carlist wars, the liberal-conservative wars, and the bleeding of people and resources into Latin America.

Alfonso's short reign established the foundations for the final socioeconomic recuperation of Spain after the 1808 – 1874 crisis.

* 1808 – Princess Ludovika of Bavaria ( d. 1892 )

* 1808 – William W. Chapman, American politician ( d. 1892 )

* 1808 – The Roman Catholic Diocese of Baltimore is promoted to an archdiocese, with the founding of the dioceses of New York, Philadelphia, Boston, and Bardstown ( now Louisville ) by Pope Pius VII.

* 1875 – Karl Andree, German geographer ( b. 1808 )

His sons were: Mustafa IV ( 1807 – 08 ) ( his son by Ayşe Seniyeperver ), Mahmud II ( 1808 – 39 ) ( his son by Naksh-i-Dil Haseki ), Murad, Nusret, Mehmed, Ahmed, and Süleyman.

In the Karang Intan Agreement during the reign of Prince Nata Dilaga ( Susuhunan Nata Alam ) ( 1808 – 1825 ), the Banjar Kingdom gave up its territories to the Dutch Indies which included Bulungan, Kutai, Pasir, Pagatan and Kotawaringin.

Following his conquest of most of Western Europe, the first Napoleon made his elder brother Joseph ( 1768 – 1844 ) king first of Naples ( 1806 – 1808 ) and then of Spain ( 1808 – 1813 ), his third brother Louis ( 1778 – 1846 ) king of Holland ( 1806 – 1810 ) ( subsequently forcing his abdication after his failure to subordinate Dutch interests to those of France ) and his youngest brother Jérôme Bonaparte ( 1784 – 1860 ) king of Westphalia, the short-lived realm created from some of the states of northwestern Germany ( 1807 – 1813 ).

This occupation of the Iberian peninsula fueled local nationalism, and soon the Spanish and Portuguese fought the French using guerilla tactics, defeating the French forces at the Battle of Bailén ( June and July 1808 ).

* 1808 – Finnish War: Russians defeat the Swedes in the bloody Battle of Oravais.

* 1808 – Finnish War: In the Battle of Jutas, Swedish forces under Lieutenant General Georg Carl von Döbeln beat the Russians, making von Döbeln a Swedish war hero.

The Duke of Wellington's armies used it from 1808 in the Peninsular War and at the Battle of Waterloo, and he wrote admiringly of its effectiveness.

The Battle of Cape St Vincent ( 14 February 1797 ) was one of the opening battles of The Anglo-Spanish War ( 1796 – 1808 ) where a British fleet under Admiral Sir John Jervis defeated a larger Spanish fleet under Admiral Don José de Córdoba near Cape St. Vincent, Portugal.

When English raiders arrived in 1808, after sinking or capturing most of the Danish-Norwegian Navy in the Battle of Copenhagen, the amount of gunpowder in Iceland was so small that the governor of Iceland, Count Trampe, could not offer any resistance.

One complication arising from the use of non-national troops occurred at the Battle of Bailén in 1808 when the " red Swiss " ( so-called from their uniforms ) of the invading French Army clashed bloodily with " blue Swiss " in the Spanish service.

Formed in 1808, the county is named after Captain James Estill, a Kentucky militia officer killed in the Battle of Little Mountain during the American Revolutionary War.

In 1808 Hamelin surrendered without fighting Napoleon, after the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt was lost.

On 3 February 1808 Palmerston spoke in support of confidentiality in the working of diplomacy and the bombardment of Copenhagen and the capture and destruction of the Danish navy by the Royal Navy in the Battle of Copenhagen.

The Battle of Burgos, also known as Battle of Gamonal, was fought on November 10, 1808, during the Peninsular War.

The Battle of Espinosa was a battle of the Napoleonic Wars, fought on November 10 and November 11, 1808 at the township of Espinosa de los Monteros in the Cantabrian Mountains.

The Battle of Tudela was a battle of the Peninsular War fought on November 23, 1808, near Tudela, Spain.

In the Battle of Vimeiro ( August 21, 1808 ) the British under General Arthur Wellesley defeated the French under Major-General Jean-Andoche Junot near the village of Vimeiro (), near Lisbon, Portugal during the Peninsular War.

In 1806 he became strongly inclined towards Napoleon, by whom he was received in audience after the Battle of Jena ( November 1806 ), and from whom he accepted ( end of 1807 ) the office of secretary of state for the Kingdom of Westphalia, exchanging this position early in 1808 for the posts of privy councillor and general director of public instruction.

In the Finnish War ( 1808 – 1809 ) on October 27th, 1808 he led the Swedish troops to victory against the Russian forces, at the Battle at Virta Bridge.

* Battle of Vimiero – 21 August 1808

* Battle of Somosierra – 30 November 1808

He was present at the Battle of Moremonui in 1807 or 1808 when many Ngāpuhi were slaughtered by Ngāti Whātua.

During the Battle of Pulkkila ( May 2, 1808 ) he distinguished himself so well that Johan August Sandels gave him the honorary assignment to bring the news of the victory to the Swedish king.

During the Battle of Koljonvirta ( October 27, 1808 ), Duncker together with Colonel Fahlander and Major Malm and only 600 men helped Sandels to utterly defeated a superior Russian force.

On November 23, 1808, Napoleon Bonaparte's Marshal Lannes won the Battle of Tudela in the Peninsular War.

Britain sent a short-lived ground support force to Portugal, and French forces evacuated Portugal as defined in the Convention of Sintra following the Allied victory at Vimeiro ( 21 August 1808 ).

But when the British arrived in August 1808, the French were beaten at Vimeiro ( 21 August ) and Junot was almost cut off ; only the signing of the advantageous Convention of Sintra allowed him to avoid capture, taking however with him " the weapons and baggages " and pillage the army had managed to gather — an expression that later became famous in Portuguese usage.

Vimeiro 1808.

Wellesley's initial victory over Junot at Vimeiro ( 21 August 1808 ) was wiped out by his superiors in the Convention of Cintra ( 30 August 1808 ).

In 1808 he landed with Wellesley in Galicia, and was present at the actions of Roliça and Vimeiro.

In " Sharpe's Rifles ," Sharpe is said to have fought against the French in Portugal at Roliça and Vimeiro, both in August 1808.

He saw action at the Battle of Roliça on 17 August 1808, at the Battle of Vimeiro on 21 August 1808, where he was wounded, and at Corunna on 16 January 1809 where he was by the side of Sir John Moore when the latter was killed.

Hill commanded a brigade at the Battle of Roliça and also at the Battle of Vimeiro in 1808.

In August 1808 the Duke of Wellington defeated the French at Vimeiro, which forced them to leave Portugal.

At the Battle of Vimeiro on 21 August 1808, he was wounded while leading his division in an unsuccessful frontal attack.

Four days after Roliça on 21 August 1808 the Battle of Vimeiro was fought.