Abraham Lincoln ( February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865 ) was the 16th President of the United States, serving from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865.

* 1809 – Alfred, Lord Tennyson, English poet ( d. 1892 )

* 1809 – William B. Travis, American lawyer and soldier ( d. 1836 )

In the Battle of Abensberg on 19 – 20 April 1809, Napoleon gained a significant victory over the Austrians under Archduke Louis of Austria and General Johann von Hiller.

* Battle of Eckmühl occurred 21 – 22 April 1809.

* 1809 – The second day of the Battle of Eckmühl: the Austrian army is defeated by the First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France and driven over the Danube in Regensburg.

* 1809 – Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., American physician and writer ( d. 1894 )

* 1738 – William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, English statesman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom ( d. 1809 )

* 1809 – Two Austrian army corps in Bavaria are defeated by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France at the Battle of Abensberg on the second day of a four day campaign that ended in a French victory.

* 1809 – An Austrian corps is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition.

* 1809 – Quito, now the capital of Ecuador, declares independence from Spain.

* 1809 – John Kirk Townsend, American naturalist ( d. 1851 )

Albert Pike ( December 29, 1809 – April 2, 1891 ) was an attorney, Confederate officer, writer, and Freemason.

* 1809 – Battle of the Basque Roads Naval battle fought between France and the United Kingdom

* 1809 – Two Austrian army corps are driven from Landshut by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France as two French corps to the north hold off the main Austrian army on the first day of the Battle of Eckmühl.

* 1809 – Napoleonic Wars: The War of the Fifth Coalition begins when Austria invades Bavaria.

Victorious Archduke Charles of Austria during the Battle of Aspern-Essling ( 21 – 22 May 1809 ).

His siblings included Sarah ( 1802 – 1859 ), Naphtali ( 1807 ), Ralph ( 1809 – 1898 ), and James ( 1813 – 1868 ).

* Jean-Baptiste Muard ( 1809 – 1854 )

* Boniface Wimmer ( 1809 – 1887 )

* Gongalegoda Banda ( 1809 – 1849 ), Sri Lankan rebellion leader

* Louis II ( 1810 ), also Grand Duke of Berg ( 1809 – 1813 )

* 1891 – Hannibal Hamlin, American politician, 15th Vice President of the United States ( b. 1809 )

* July 4 – Hannibal Hamlin, Vice President of the United States ( b. 1809 )

* Hannibal Hamlin ( 1809 – 1891 ), Vice President of the U. S. under Abraham Lincoln

* Invasion of Cayenne ( 1809 ) ( 1809 ): Was a combined military operation by an Anglo-Portuguese-Brazilian expeditionary force against Cayenne, capital of the French South American colony of French Guiana in 1809, during the Napoleonic Wars.

He served nine years as a volunteer 1st class, midshipman, and shipmate, including one year in the English Channel and Bay of Biscay ( 1809 ), four years at the Cape of Good Hope and in the East Indies ( 1809 – 14 ), two and a half years on the North American and West Indian stations ( 1814 – 16 ), and a year and a half in the Mediterranean ( 1817 – 18 ).

In 1809 Latrobe invented a second American order, employing magnolia flowers constrained within the profile of classical mouldings, as his drawing demonstrates.

Designed by Daniel Asher Alexander and constructed originally between 1806 and 1809 by local labour, to hold prisoners of the Napoleonic Wars, it was also used to hold American prisoners from the War of 1812.

* 1754 – William Cooper, American judge ( d. 1809 )

* 1809 – Kit Carson, American frontiersman ( d. 1868 )

Edgar Allan Poe ( born Edgar Poe ; January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849 ) was an American author, poet, editor and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement.

* 1729 – Josiah Hornblower, American statesman ( d. 1809 )

* 1809 – William Sprague, American minister and politician from Michigan ( d. 1868 )

* 1809 – Cyrus McCormick, American inventor ( d. 1884 )

* 1737 – Thomas Paine, English radical liberal philosopher, American revolutionary ( d. 1809 )

* John Ford Home, American National Register historic landmark in Mississippi's Marion County, Mississippi ; built in 1809 by one of region's earliest settlers, John Ford ( minister )

* 1740 – Noah Phelps, American Spy ( d. 1809 )

March 5 ) – June 28, 1836 ) was an American statesman and political theorist, the fourth President of the United States ( 1809 – 1817 ).

* 1809 – Edgar Allan Poe, American writer and poet ( d. 1849 )

* 1746 – Thomas Heyward, Jr., American statesman, signer of the United States Declaration of Independence ( d. 1809 )