The use of the term was first attributed to Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard ( 1813 – 1855 ).

* 1813 – French Emperor Napoleon I defeats a larger force of Austrians, Russians, and Prussians at the Battle of Dresden.

* 1768 – Jean-Baptiste Bessières, French marshal ( d. 1813 )

In American history important spokesmen included Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, J. Hector St. John de Crèvecœur ( 1735 – 1813 ), and John Taylor of Caroline ( 1753 – 1824 ) in the early national period.

For a time he took into his family the young student Antoine-Frédéric Ozanam ( 1813 – 1853 ), one of the founders of the Conference of Charity, later known as the Society of Saint Vincent de Paul.

Some early scientists such as Georg Ernst Stahl ( 1659-1734 ) and Francisque Bouillier ( 1813 – 1899 ) had supported a form of animism which life and mind, the directive principle in evolution and growth, holding that all cannot be traced back to chemical and mechanical processes, but that there is a directive force which guides energy without altering its amount.

* 1813 – Jules Grévy, French politician, 3rd President of the French Republic ( d. 1891 )

* 1813 – Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joins Argentina's Second Triumvirate.

* 1813 – At the Battle of Grossbeeren, the Prussians under Von Bülow repulse the French army.

* 1813 – At the final stage of the Peninsular War, British-Portuguese troops capture the town of Donostia ( now San Sebastián ), resulting in a rampage and eventual destruction of the town.

* 1813 – Battle of Kulm: French forces are defeated by an Austrian-Prussian-Russian alliance.

* 1813 – Creek War – Fort Mims massacre: Creek " Red Sticks " kill over 500 settlers ( including over 250 armed militia ) in Fort Mims, north of Mobile, Alabama.

* 1813 – Princess Mathilde Caroline of Bavaria ( d. 1862 )

* 1813 – James McCune Smith, African-American doctor and abolitionist ( d. 1865 )

* 1813 – Instituto Nacional, is founded by the Chilean patriot José Miguel Carrera.

* 1813 – War of 1812: United States troops capture the capital of Upper Canada in the Battle of York ( present day Toronto, Canada ).

* 1813 – Zebulon Pike, American frontiersman and explorer ( b. 1779 )

His siblings included Sarah ( 1802 – 1859 ), Naphtali ( 1807 ), Ralph ( 1809 – 1898 ), and James ( 1813 – 1868 ).

This was inaugurated by Montalembert, but its literary advocates were chiefly Dom Gueranger, a learned Benedictine monk, abbot of Solesmes, and Louis François Veuillot ( 1813 – 1883 ) of the Univers ; and it succeeded in suppressing them everywhere, the last diocese to surrender being Orleans in 1875.

Following his conquest of most of Western Europe, the first Napoleon made his elder brother Joseph ( 1768 – 1844 ) king first of Naples ( 1806 – 1808 ) and then of Spain ( 1808 – 1813 ), his third brother Louis ( 1778 – 1846 ) king of Holland ( 1806 – 1810 ) ( subsequently forcing his abdication after his failure to subordinate Dutch interests to those of France ) and his youngest brother Jérôme Bonaparte ( 1784 – 1860 ) king of Westphalia, the short-lived realm created from some of the states of northwestern Germany ( 1807 – 1813 ).

* 1763 – Jean Victor Marie Moreau, French general ( d. 1813 )

Ossian's Dream, Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, 1813

* May 18 – Jean Gaspard Felix Ravaisson-Mollien, French philosopher ( b. 1813 )

* December 31 – Jean de Crévecoeur, French-American writer ( d. 1813 )

* February 14 – Jean Victor Marie Moreau, French general ( d. 1813 )

His brother Jean Bernadotte ( Pau, 1754 – Pau, 8 August 1813 ) was eventually made 1st Baron Bernadotte and married Marie Anne Charlotte de Saint-Paul.

* Major general Jean Baptiste Eblé ( 1813 )

In 1813, the British arrested Kinzie and Jean Baptiste Chardonnai, also then living in Detroit, charging them with treason.

* Jean Stas, analytical chemist ( 1813 – 1891 )

* Jean de Crèvecoeur ( 1735 – 1813 ), French-American writer

Jean Gaspard Félix Ravaisson-Mollien (; 23 October 1813 – 18 May 1900 ) was a French philosopher and archaeologist.

Michel Guillaume Jean de Crèvecœur ( December 31, 1735 – November 12, 1813 ), naturalized in New York as John Hector St. John, was a French-American writer.

* Jean François Boissonade, Notice sur la vie et les ecrits de P. L. ( 1813 )

* Jean Victor Marie Moreau ( 1763 – 1813 ), Marshal of France in 1814 ( posthumous )

Pierre André Latreille was born on November 29, 1762 in the town of Brive, then in the province of Limousin, as the illegitimate child of Jean Joseph Sahuguet d ' Amarzit, général baron d ' Espagnac, and an unknown mother ; the surname " Latreille " was formally granted to him in 1813, and derives from a nickname of unclear provenance .. Latreille was orphaned at an early age, but had influential protectors – first a physician, then a merchant from Brive, and later a baron and his family ( after the baron's death ), who brought him to Paris in 1778.

Jean Victor Marie Moreau ( 14 February 1763 – 2 September 1813 ) was a French general who helped Napoleon Bonaparte to power, but later became a rival and was banished to the United States.

Jean Bon Saint-André ( February 25, 1749 – December 10, 1813 ) was a French politician of the Revolution era.

In Paris, he attended Jean Baptiste Dumas ’ lectures and worked with Auguste Cahours ( 1813 – 1891 ) on essential oils, especially cumin, in Michel Eugène Chevreul ’ s laboratory at the Jardin des Plantes, meanwhile earning a precarious living by teaching and making translations of some of Liebig ’ s writings.

The Breithorn was first climbed in 1813 by Henry Maynard ( climber ), Joseph-Marie Couttet, Jean Gras, Jean-Baptiste Erin and Jean-Jacques Erin.

Ossian's dream, Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, 1813

After the great 1775 flood, Ypsilantis ordered a branch canal to be built, in order to prevent, or at least diminish the effects of such flooding ; in 1813, Prince Jean Georges Caradja decided to clean up the river bed.

Brown was elected as a Democratic Republican to the United States Senate on December 1, 1812, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Jean N. Destréhan, and served from February 5, 1813, to March 3, 1817.

* Jean Victor Marie Moreau ( 1763 – 1813 ), French general

On his return to France he won back Parisian audiences with La jeune femme en colère ( 1811 ), Jean de Paris ( 1812 ), Le nouveau seigneur du village ( 1813 ) and a dozen other works.