* 1839 – Nikolai Przhevalsky, Russian explorer ( d. 1888 )

* 1839 – Benjamin Pierce, American politician ( b. 1757 )

* 1839 – Dorothea von Schlegel, German novelist ( b. 1763 )

* 1839 – Nelson Miles, American general ( d. 1925 )

* 1839 – The French government announces that Louis Daguerre's photographic process is a gift " free to the world ".

* 1754 – William Murdoch, Scottish engineer and inventor, created gas lighting ( d. 1839 )

* 1839 – Gulstan Ropert, French prelate ( d. 1903 )

On her return to Haworth, she met William Weightman ( 1814 – 1842 ), her father's new curate, who started work in the parish in August 1839.

* 1839 – The Treaty of London establishes Belgium as a kingdom.

* 1839 – Aleksandr Stoletov, Russian physicist ( d. 1896 )

* 1839 – Sir John St Aubyn, 5th Baronet, English politician ( b. 1758 )

* 1839 – Walter Pater, English essayist and critic ( d. 1894 )

He married Helen Leech ( 1839 – 1932 ), the daughter of another wealthy cotton merchant and shipbuilder from Stalybridge, at Gee Cross on 8 August 1863.

#* Charlotte Napoléone Bonaparte ( 1802 – 1839 )

#*** Léonie Stéphanie Elise Bonaparte ( 1833 – 1839 )

#*** Napoléon Charles Grégoire Jacques Philippe Bonaparte ( 1839 – 1899 )

# Maria Annunziata Caroline Bonaparte ( 1782 – 1839 ) married Joachim Murat, Marshal of France

Portales brought the military under civilian control by rewarding loyal generals, cashiering troublemakers, and promoting a victorious war against the Peru-Bolivia Confederation ( 1836 – 1839 ).

September 10, 1839 – April 19, 1914 ) was an American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist, sometimes known as " the father of pragmatism ".

A census was taken in the Ottoman Empire 1831-38 by Sultan Mahmud II ( 1808 – 1839 ) as a part of the reform movement Tanzimat.

** William Erasmus Darwin ( 1839 – 1914 ), eldest son of Charles Darwin ( 1809 – 1882 )

It was Rochet d ' Hericourt's exploration into Shoa ( 1839 – 42 ) that marked the beginning of French interest in the Djiboutian coast of the Red Sea.

* 1839 – George Armstrong Custer, American general ( d. 1876 )

" The project, later called the Mills Commission, concluded that " Base Ball had its origins in the United States " and " the first scheme for playing baseball, according to the best evidence available to date, was devised by Abner Doubleday at Cooperstown, N. Y., in 1839.

In the United States the first water caterpillar was patented in 1839 by William Leavenworth of New York.

* Province of Limburg ( 1815 – 1839 ), province of the former United Kingdom of the Netherlands

* Charles Sanders Peirce 1839 – 1914 ( United States )

* 1839 – The first state normal school in the United States, the forerunner to today's Framingham State College, opens in Lexington, Massachusetts with 3 students.

In 1839, having finished the Ornithological Biography, Audubon returned to the United States with his family.

* Province of Limburg ( 1815 – 1839 ), a former province of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands

The state was formed by secession from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1830, whose neutrality and integrity was protected by the Treaty of London 1839 ; thus it served as a buffer state between the European powers France, Prussia ( after 1871 the German Empire ), the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of the Netherlands until World War I. Belgium is divided between the Flemings in the north and the French-speaking or the German-speaking population in the south.

A return for the United Kingdom and colonies in 1849 showed, among other details, that the expenses of the lazaret at Malta for ten years from 1839 to 1848 had been £ 53, 553.

The United States Exploring Expedition ( 1838 – 42 ) under Charles Wilkes reached Samoa in 1839 and appointed of Englishman John C. Williams as acting U. S. consul.

* 1839 – United Kingdom declared First Opium War on the Qing Dynasty of China.

Representative John Quincy Adams had made a proposal in 1839, but there were no new proposals until December 14, 1863, when a bill to support an amendment to abolish slavery throughout the entire United States was introduced by Representative James Mitchell Ashley ( Republican, Ohio ).

* The First Opium War between the United Kingdom and the Qing Empire of China started in 1839.

His uncle, Theodore Frelinghuysen ( 1787 – 1862 ), was Attorney General of New Jersey from 1817 to 1829, was a U. S. Senator from New Jersey from 1829 to 1835, was the Whig candidate for Vice President of the United States on the Henry Clay ticket in the 1844 Presidential election, and was Chancellor of New York University from 1839 until 1850 and president of Rutgers College from 1850 to 1862.

On May 1, 1839, a group of eighteen men from Peoria, Illinois set out with the intention of colonizing the Oregon country on behalf of the United States of America and drive out the Hudson's Bay Company operating there.

The United Kingdom of the Netherlands ( 1815 – 1839 ) (, ) is the unofficial name used to refer to the Kingdom of the Netherlands (, ) during the period after it was first created from part of the First French Empire and before the new Kingdom of Belgium split off from it in 1830.

The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and Duchy of Limburg ( 1839 – 1867 ) | Limburg in 18391, 2 and 3 United Kingdom of the Netherlands ( until 1830 ) 1 and 2 Netherlands | Kingdom of the Netherlands ( after 1830 ) 2 Duchy of Limburg ( 1839 – 1867 ) ( in the German Confederacy after 1839 as compensation for Waals-Luxemburg ) 3 and 4 Belgium | Kingdom of Belgium ( after 1830 ) 4 and 5 Grand Duchy of Luxembourg ( borders until 1830 ) 4 Luxembourg ( province ) | Province of Luxembourg ( Waals-Luxemburg, to Belgium in 1839 ) 5 Grand Duchy of Luxembourg ( German Luxemburg ; borders after 1839 ) In blue, the borders of the German Confederation.

The Treaty of Nanking ( or Nanjing ) was signed on 29 August 1842 to mark the end of the First Opium War ( 1839 – 42 ) between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Qing Dynasty of China.

Completed in 1839, it was designed by Richard Delafield and built by the United States Army Corps of Engineers.