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* 1865 – Philipp Scheidemann, German politician, 10th Chancellor of Germany ( d. 1939 )
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Abraham Lincoln ( February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865 ) was the 16th President of the United States, serving from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865.
President Lincoln ( center right ) with, from left, Generals Sherman, Grant and Admiral Porter – 1868 painting of events aboard the River Queen ( steamboat ) | River Queen in March, 1865
The Civil War Day by Day: An Almanac, 1861 – 1865.
* Weigley, Russell F. A Great Civil War: A Military and Political History, 1861 – 1865.
The American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ), in the United States often referred to as simply the Civil War and sometimes called the " War Between the States ", was a civil war fought over the secession of the Confederate States.
* 1865 – American Civil War: The Battle of Sayler's Creek – Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia fights its last major battle while in retreat from Richmond, Virginia.
* 1865 – American Civil War: Mobile, Alabama, falls to the Union Army.
* 1865 – Abraham Lincoln dies after being shot the previous evening by actor John Wilkes Booth.
* 1865 – Max Nettlau, German anarchist and historian ( d. 1944 )
* 1865 – James Henry Breasted, American archaeologist and historian ( d. 1935 )
* 1865 – Charles G. Dawes, American general and politician, 30th Vice President of the United States, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1951 )
* 1865 – Irving Babbitt, American critic and academic ( d. 1933 )
* 1865 – John Radecki, Australian artist ( d. 1955 )
* 1865 – American Civil War: Battle of Five Forks –
* 1865 – Giuditta Pasta, Italian soprano ( b. 1797 )
* 1803 – Joseph Paxton, English gardener and architect, designed The Crystal Palace ( d. 1865 )
* 1865 – American Civil War: Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston surrenders his army to General William Tecumseh Sherman at the Bennett Place near Durham, North Carolina.
* 1865 – Union cavalry troopers corner and shoot dead John Wilkes Booth, assassin of President Lincoln, in Virginia.
* 1865 – Henry George Chauvel, Australian general ( d. 1945 )
This became poignantly true during the most serious test of American cohesion in the U. S. Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ).
* 1865 – Guido Castelnuovo, Italian mathematician ( d. 1952 )
* 1865 – Mikao Usui, Japanese spiritual leader ( d. 1926 )
1865 and Philipp
* November 29 – Philipp Scheidemann, Chancellor of Germany ( b. 1865 )
* Philipp Scheidemann ( 1865 – 1939 ), briefly Germany's Chancellor after World War I.
Philipp Scheidemann ( 26 July 1865, Kassel, Electorate of Hesse – 29 November 1939, Copenhagen ) was a German Social Democratic politician, who proclaimed Germany a republic on 9 November 1918.
Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg or Albrecht Herzog von Württemberg ( Albrecht Maria Alexander Philipp Joseph von Württemberg, 23 December 1865 – 31 October 1939 ) was a German Generalfeldmarschall and head of the Royal House of Württemberg.
* Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Teschen ( 15 July 1845, Vienna – 8 October 1927, Tübingen ), married at Vienna on 18 January 1865 Duke Philipp of Württemberg ( 1838, Neuilly-sur-Seine – 1917, Stuttgart ) and had five children:
* Philipp Melanchthon monument on the market square at Wittenberg ( dedicated 1865 )
1865 and German
In 1865, the German painter, author and caricaturist Wilhelm Busch created the strip Max and Moritz, about two trouble-making boys, which had a direct influence on the American comic strip.
In 1865, the German physicist Rudolf Clausius, in his Mechanical Theory of Heat, suggested that the principles of thermochemistry, e. g. the heat evolved in combustion reactions, could be applied to the principles of thermodynamics.
German History and Global Enterprise: BASF: The History of a Company ( 2004 ) covers 1865 to 2000
* 1813 – Otto Ludwig, German writer and critic ( d. 1865 )
* 1865 – Erich von Drygalski, German geographer, geophysicist, and polar scientist ( d. 1949 )
* 1821 – Heinrich Barth, German explorer ( d. 1865 )
The population of the German Confederation ( excluding Austria ) grew 60 % from 1815 to 1865, from 21, 000, 000 to 34, 000, 000.
* 1949 – Erich von Drygalski, German geographer, geophysicist, and polar scientist ( b. 1865 )
A German Requiem was partially inspired by his mother's death in 1865 ( at which time he composed a funeral march that was to become the basis of Part Two, Denn alles Fleisch ), but it also incorporates material from a symphony which he started in 1854 but abandoned following Schumann's suicide attempt.
* 1791 – Johann Franz Encke, German astronomer ( d. 1865 )
It was started by German immigrants in 1853 and the present church building was completed in 1865.
St. Boniface Church, Chicago was established by German immigrants in 1865, with the current building dating from 1903.
In 1865, English archaeologist Frank Calvert excavated trial trenches in a field he had bought from a local farmer at Hisarlık, and in 1868, Heinrich Schliemann, wealthy German businessman and archaeologist, also began excavating in the area after a chance meeting with Calvert in Çanakkale.
* December 20 – Erich Ludendorff, German general ( b. 1865 )
* February 1 – Ernst Troeltsch, German theologian ( b. 1865 ).
* February 11 – Otto Ludwig, German writer ( d. 1865 )
By 1865, the German physicist Rudolf Clausius had shown that this equivalence principle needed amendment.
Erich Dagobert von Drygalski ( February 9, 1865 – January 10, 1949 ) was a German geographer, geophysicist and polar scientist, born in Königsberg, Province of Prussia.
It was initially adopted by the German states in 1865, ( from which point onwards till the middle of WWI approximately 5 % of every bayonet style was issued with a sawback version ) Great Britain in 1869, Belgium in 1868 and Switzerland in 1878, ( who introduced their last model in 1914 ).
In 1865 a trading captain acting on behalf of the German firm of J. C. Godeffroy und Sohn obtained a 25-year lease to the eastern islet of Niuoku of Nukulaelae Atoll.
* Ernst Gaupp ( 1865 – 1916 ), German anatomist
German sculptor August Kiss ( 1802 – 1865 ) was born in Paprotzan, Prussia, which is now situated within modern day Tychy.
On 23 July 1865, he became known to the German geographer August Petermann at a meeting of the " Geographic Society " in Frankfurt.
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