President Lincoln ( center right ) with, from left, Generals Sherman, Grant and Admiral Porter – 1868 painting of events aboard the River Queen ( steamboat ) | River Queen in March, 1865

* Mary Hunter Austin ( 1868 – 1934 ), American writer

* 1868 – Akiyama Saneyuki, Japanese naval commander ( d. 1918 )

* 1868 – Hong Beom-do, Korean activist ( d. 1943 )

* 1868 – Paul Claudel, French poet ( d. 1955 )

* 1868 – A massive earthquake near Arica, Peru, causes an estimated 25, 000 casualties, and the subsequent tsunami causes considerable damage as far away as Hawaii and New Zealand.

* 1868 – Constantine I of Greece ( d. 1923 )

* 1917 – Scott Joplin, American musician and composer ( b. 1868 )

* 1868 – Ladislaus Bortkiewicz, Russian mathematician ( d. 1931 )

* 1868 – Bernarr Macfadden, American bodybuilder, author, and publisher, founded Macfadden Publications ( d. 1955 )

* 1868 – French astronomer Pierre Janssen discovers helium.

* 1786 – Ludwig I of Bavaria ( d. 1868 )

* 1868 – Nikolaos Levidis, Greek target shooter

During the Tokugawa period ( 1600 – 1868 ) the Ainu became increasingly involved in trade with Japanese who controlled the southern portion of the island that is now called Hokkaido.

* 1868 – The Abyssinian War ends as British and Indian troops capture Maqdala.

* 1868 – Edgar Lee Masters, American author ( d. 1950 )

The dethroning of queen Isabel II meant a vacuum that was profited by the Bank of New York and some Cubans opposed to the projected extension of the 1837 Abolition Act to finance a Texas style " independence " revolution known as the Cuban 10 Years War ( 1868 – 78 ) lost by the Cubans.

* 1868 – Peter Behrens, German architect and designer ( d. 1940 )

* 1794 – Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius, German botanist ( d. 1868 )

August Horch ( 12 October 1868 – 3 February 1951 ) was a German engineer and automobile pioneer, the founder of the manufacturing giant which would eventually become Audi.

* Charles Aubrey Eaton ( 1868 – 1953 ), clergyman and politician who served in the United States House of Representatives, representing the from 1925 – 1933, and the from 1933-1953.

* 1868 – Hugo Eckener, German pilot and businessman ( d. 1954 )

* 1868 – Former Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, marking the end of the Tokugawa shogunate.

On March 5, 1868, the impeachment trial began in the Senate and lasted almost three months ; Reps. George S. Boutwell, Ben Butler and Thaddeus Stevens acted as managers ( prosecutors ) for the House and William M. Evarts, Benjamin R. Curtis and Attorney General Henry Stanberry served as Johnson's counsel ; Chief Justice Chase served as presiding judge.

* Henry Austin Bruce-1st Baron Aberdare & Home Secretary ( 1868 – 1873 )

Henry Ford's siblings include Margaret Ford ( 1867 – 1938 ); Jane Ford ( c. 1868 – 1945 ); William Ford ( 1871 – 1917 ) and Robert Ford ( 1873 – 1934 ).

Henry Austin Bruce, 1st Baron Aberdare GCB, PC, FRS ( 16 April 1815 – 25 February 1895 ) was a British Liberal Party politician, who served in government most notably as Home Secretary ( 1868 – 1873 ) and as Lord President of the Council.

' Emigrants Leave Ireland ', engraving by Henry Doyle ( 1827 – 1892 ), from Mary Frances Cusack's Illustrated History of Ireland, 1868

* 1868 – Henry Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux, English statesman, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain ( b. 1778 )

* 1868 – Henry O ' Farrell attempts to assassinate Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh.

* 1778 – Henry Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux, English politician ( d. 1868 )

Accordingly, the Organic Act, establishing the University of California, was signed into law by Governor Henry H. Haight ( Low's successor ) on March 23, 1868.

* September 29 – Henry Bennett, American politician ( d. 1868 )

* September 19 – Henry Peter Brougham, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain ( d. 1868 )

Painting by John Henry Frederick Bacon ( 1868 – 1914 )

The press organized petitions and debates and reported to the public on government policy, while leaders such as Henry Brougham ( 1778 – 1868 ) built alliances with men who lacked direct representation.

* 1868 – 1878 Joseph Henry

* Henry Émile Chevalier, Rabelais and his editors, 1868 ( French ).

Hubert Austin ( 1868 ), George Frederick Bodley ( 1845 – 56 ), Charles Buckeridge ( 1856 – 57 ), Somers Clarke ( 1865 ), William Henry Crossland (?

Two of the early artists in residence from the 1890s, William Henry Singer ( 1868 – 1943 ) and Martin Borgord ( 1869 – 1935 ), left Monhegan to study at the Académie Julian in 1901.

Little Laura Ingalls Wilder with her family, aunt Polly Melona Ingalls and uncle Henry Odin Quiner with their children moved here in 1868.

The interests of the industrialized settlement increasingly diverged from those of the farming community, however, and in 1868 Holderness Village was set off as Ashland, named for Ashland, the Kentucky estate of Henry Clay.

Wells College, an institution of higher education for women founded by Henry Wells in 1868, is located in Aurora.

In 1868 Henry Wells founded Wells College for the education of women.

In 1868 Catherine McCarty had moved with her two young sons, Henry and Joseph, to Indianapolis, Indiana.

Francis and Emma had other children: Captain John Brooke Johnson ( 1823 – 1868 ) ( later Brooke Brooke ), Mary Anna Johnson ( b. 1824 ), Harriet Helena Johnson ( b. 1826 ), Charlotte Frances Johnson ( b. 1828 ), Captain ( William ) Frederic Johnson ( b. 1830 ), Emma Lucy Johnson ( b. 1832 ), Margaret Henrietta Johnson ( 1834 – 1845 ), Georgianna Brooke Johnson ( 1836 – 1854 ), James Stuart Johnson ( 1839 – 1840 ), and Henry Stuart Johnson ( b. 1841 ).

Henry James O ' Farrell was arrested at the scene, quickly tried, convicted and hanged on 21 April 1868.