President Lincoln ( center right ) with, from left, Generals Sherman, Grant and Admiral Porter – 1868 painting of events aboard the River Queen ( steamboat ) | River Queen in March, 1865

* Mary Hunter Austin ( 1868 – 1934 ), American writer

* 1868 – Akiyama Saneyuki, Japanese naval commander ( d. 1918 )

* 1868 – Hong Beom-do, Korean activist ( d. 1943 )

* 1868 – Paul Claudel, French poet ( d. 1955 )

* 1868 – A massive earthquake near Arica, Peru, causes an estimated 25, 000 casualties, and the subsequent tsunami causes considerable damage as far away as Hawaii and New Zealand.

* 1868 – Constantine I of Greece ( d. 1923 )

* 1917 – Scott Joplin, American musician and composer ( b. 1868 )

* 1868 – Ladislaus Bortkiewicz, Russian mathematician ( d. 1931 )

* 1868 – Bernarr Macfadden, American bodybuilder, author, and publisher, founded Macfadden Publications ( d. 1955 )

* 1868 – French astronomer Pierre Janssen discovers helium.

* 1786 – Ludwig I of Bavaria ( d. 1868 )

During the Tokugawa period ( 1600 – 1868 ) the Ainu became increasingly involved in trade with Japanese who controlled the southern portion of the island that is now called Hokkaido.

* 1868 – The Abyssinian War ends as British and Indian troops capture Maqdala.

* 1868 – Edgar Lee Masters, American author ( d. 1950 )

The dethroning of queen Isabel II meant a vacuum that was profited by the Bank of New York and some Cubans opposed to the projected extension of the 1837 Abolition Act to finance a Texas style " independence " revolution known as the Cuban 10 Years War ( 1868 – 78 ) lost by the Cubans.

* 1868 – Peter Behrens, German architect and designer ( d. 1940 )

* 1794 – Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius, German botanist ( d. 1868 )

August Horch ( 12 October 1868 – 3 February 1951 ) was a German engineer and automobile pioneer, the founder of the manufacturing giant which would eventually become Audi.

* Charles Aubrey Eaton ( 1868 – 1953 ), clergyman and politician who served in the United States House of Representatives, representing the from 1925 – 1933, and the from 1933-1953.

* 1868 – Hugo Eckener, German pilot and businessman ( d. 1954 )

* 1868 – Former Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, marking the end of the Tokugawa shogunate.

* 1868 – Henry James O ' Farrell, Australian attempted assassin of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Nikolaos Levidis (), born August 25, 1868, date of death unknown ) was a Greek shooter in the 1896 Summer Olympics and in the 1912 Summer Olympics.

In 1868, he visited sites in the Greek world, published Ithaka, der Peloponnesus und Troja in which he asserted that Hissarlik was the site of Troy, and submitted a dissertation in Ancient Greek proposing the same thesis to the University of Rostock.

Pierre Janssen and Joseph Norman Lockyer discovered a new element on August 18, 1868 while looking at the chromosphere of the Sun, and named it helium after the Greek word for the Sun, ( or ).

Pheidias Showing the Frieze of the Parthenon to his Friends ( 1868 ) by Lawrence Alma-Tadema | Sir Lawrence Alma-TademaPhidias, or The Great Pheidias ( in Ancient Greek, ; circa 480 – 430 BC ), was a Greek sculptor, painter and architect, who lived in the 5th century BC, and is commonly regarded as one of the greatest of all sculptors of Classical Greece: Phidias ' Statue of Zeus at Olympia was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

Blass is chiefly known for his works in connection with the study of Greek oratory: Die griechische Beredsamkeit von Alexander bis auf Augustus ( 1865 ); Die attische Beredsamkeit ( 1868 – 1880 ; 2nd ed., 1887 – 1898 ), his greatest work ; editions for the Teubner series of Andocides ( 1880 ), Antiphon ( 1881 ), Hypereides ( 1881, 1894 ), Demosthenes ( Dindorf's ed., 1885 ), Isocrates ( 1886 ), Dinarchus ( 1888 ), Demosthenes ( Rehdantz ed., 1893 ), Aeschines ( 1896 ), Lycurgus, Leocrates ( 1902 ); Die Rhythmen der attischen Kunstprosa ( 1901 ); Die Rhythmen der asianischen und römischen Kunstprosa ( 1905 ).

The Philosophie der Griechen has been translated into English by S. F. Alleyne ( 2 vols, 1881 ) in sections: S. F. Alleyne, History of Greek Philosophy to the time of Socrates ( 1881 ); O. J. Reichel, Socrates and the Socratic Schools ( 1868 ; 2nd ed.

The Greek community declined in late 19th century as from 1 / 1 / 1868 the privileges of the Livorno port ceased.

His early writings were devoted to classical antiquity, his knowledge drawn partly from visits to the actual Greek sites in 1868.

Demetrius Vikelas continued to gain favour in Greece — in 1868 he published a 30-page statistical article on the Kingdom of Greece following a conference at the Royal Statistical Society ; in 1870 he founded a school for Greek children living in England.

Historical manuscripts such as the 6th century Codex Purpureus Beratinus, discovered in 1868, and the Codex Aureus, a 9th century Greek language manuscript have revealed much about the history of the region and that Berat had a reputation for producing manuscripts ; 76 of the 100 codes protected in the National Archives of Albania are from Berat, indicating its historical importance.

It was discovered by J. C. Watson on September 7, 1868, and named after Hera, queen and fifth in power of the Olympian gods in Greek mythology.

It was discovered by J. C. Watson on September 13, 1868, and named after one of the many Clymenes in Greek mythology.

It was discovered by J. C. Watson on September 16, 1868, and named after Artemis, The goddess of the hunt, moon, and crossways in Greek Mythology.

It was discovered by J. C. Watson on October 10, 1868, and named after Dione, a Titaness in Greek mythology who was sometimes said to have been the mother of Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of love and beauty.

Designed by Llandaff architect John Prichard on a Greek Cross plan, the latter was financed totally by the third Marquess of Bute, in spite of his conversion to Catholicism in 1868.

They include an Account of the Printed Text of the Greek New Testament ( 1854 ), a new edition of T. H. Horne's Introduction ( 1860 ), and Canon Muratorianus: Earliest Catalogue of Books of the New Testament ( 1868 ).

The white rhinoceros ' generic name, Ceratotherium, given by the zoologist John Edward Gray in 1868, is derived from the Greek terms keras ( κερας ) " horn " and therion ( θηριον ) " beast ".

After spending some time in Constantinople in 1868 acquainting himself with Old Slavonic literature, he returned to Ohrid where he advocated the substitution of Greek with Bulgarian in the town's schools and churches.

The ruins at Qohaito were first located in 1868, but at the time erroneously identified as a " Greek depot ".

Greek Orthodox church at Cape Jason ( 1868 ).