* 1875 – The Treaty of Saint Petersburg between Japan and Russia is ratified, providing for the exchange of Sakhalin for the Kuril Islands.

* 1875 – Katharine McCormick, American biologist, philanthropist, and activist ( d. 1967 )

* 1875 – Albert Ketèlbey, English conductor, composer, and pianist ( d. 1959 )

Albert Schweitzer, OM ( 14 January 1875 – 4 September 1965 ) was a German and then French theologian, organist, philosopher, physician, and medical missionary.

* 1875 – Mstislav Dobuzhinsky, Russian painter ( d. 1957 )

Aleister Crowley ( ; 12 October 1875 – 1 December 1947 )| deadurl = no

* Sir William Buell Richards ( Chief Justice ) – September 30, 1875

* Télesphore Fournier – September 30, 1875

* William Alexander Henry – September 30, 1875

* Sir William Johnstone Ritchie – September 30, 1875

* Sir Samuel Henry Strong – September 30, 1875

* Jean-Thomas Taschereau – September 30, 1875

Franciszek Bujak ( 1875 – 1953 ) and Jan Rutkowski ( 1886 – 1949 ), the founders of modern economic history in Poland and of the journal Roczniki Dziejów Spolecznych i Gospodarczych ( 1931 – ), were attracted to the innovations of the Annales school.

* 1875 – Artur Bernardes, Brazilian politician, 12th President of Brazil ( d. 1955 )

* 1875 – Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, English composer ( d. 1912 )

* 1875 – Stjepan Seljan, Croatian explorer ( d. 1936 )

* Albert I of Belgium ( 1875 – 1934 ), third King of the Belgians

Andrew Johnson ( December 29, 1808 July 31, 1875 ) was the 17th President of the United States ( 1865 – 1869 ).

* 1875 – William Eccles, English physicist ( d. 1966 )

* 1875 – Eugene Lanceray, Russian painter and sculptor ( d. 1946 )

* Alfons Karpiński ( 1875 – 1961 ), Polish painter

* 1805 – Hans Christian Andersen, Danish writer ( d. 1875 )

* HMS Discovery, one of the ships which took Captain George Nares ' British Arctic Expedition of 1875 – 1876 to the North Pole ; and

Captain Gunderson landed at the site on 17 August 1875 and collected a grappling iron, two maps and a handwritten translation of Pet and Jackman's voyages.

* 1875, Essie Black, barque, 281 tons, Captain Sivier, all hands ( about 10 ) lost.

Captain George Logan ( 1780-May 12, 1875 ) grew up in a farming household in the area of Lexington, Kentucky.

Captain Matthew Webb was the first man to swim the English channel ( between England and France ), in 1875.

He was the son of George Hall Moffett ( 1829 – 1875 ), who enlisted in the Confederate States army as a private, and was promoted for bravery on the field of battle, eventually attaining the rank of Captain and adjutant-general, Hagood's Brigade, Twenty-fifth South Carolina Volunteers.

Taking a page from Western tactics, in 1875 Japan sent Captain Inoue Yoshika and the warship Un ' yō to display military might over Korea in the Ganghwa Island incident.

He followed this with successful outings as Fitzaltamont in The Prompter's Box: A Story of the Footlights and the Fireside ( 1870 ), The Prompter's Box ( 1870, revived in 1875 and often thereafter, and later renamed The Crushed Tragedian ), Captain Craven in Daisy Farm ( 1871 ) and Lionel Leveret in Old Soldiers ( 1873 ).

She was commanded by Captain George Nares during the British Arctic Expedition between 1875 and 1876.

The island was given its European name by Captain Mein Smith who saw native quail here in 1842 ; though they were already extinct by 1875.

Educated at Cheltenham College, he was 32 years old, and a captain in the Bengal Staff Corps, Indian Army, and 1st Gurkha Rifles during the Perak War when, on 20 December 1875 in Perak, Malaya, Captain Channer was the first to jump into the enemy's stockade to which he had been despatched with a small party to obtain intelligence of its strength and position.

* Rafael Sabatini ( 1875 – 1950 ), an Italian / British author of novels of romance and adventure, such as Scaramouche, Sea Hawk and Captain Blood

Captain Robert ( Bob ) Abram Bartlett ( August 15, 1875 – April 28, 1946 ) was a Newfoundland navigator and Arctic explorer of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Captain Thornton died at Germantown, Pennsylvania, almost three years later on 14 May 1875.

The lake was used for training by Captain Matthew Webb, before he became the first man to swim the English Channel in 1875, and was used for the " World Professional Mile Championship ", a long-distance swimming event, in the 1880s.

Swimming became popular, despite the cold water, perhaps inspired by Captain Matthew Webb, who used the lake for training before becoming the first man to swim the English Channel from Dover to Calais in 1875.

She also wrote three full novels that she never published: The Captain and the Colonel, completed about 1875 ; and Two Years of My Life, finished about the same time.

Captain Matthew Webb, who was the first man to swim the English Channel ( 25 August 1875 ), lived in The Limes, New Road, Bedfont from 1880 until 1883 when he died attempting to swim the rapids below the Niagara Falls.

Texas Rangers Captain Leander H. McNelly, 1875.

After a short experience as a lawman, in 1875 he joined the Special Force under Captain Leander H. McNelly, a newly created quasi-military branch of the Texas Rangers that was to operate in southern Texas.