* 1875 – The Treaty of Saint Petersburg between Japan and Russia is ratified, providing for the exchange of Sakhalin for the Kuril Islands.

* 1875 – Katharine McCormick, American biologist, philanthropist, and activist ( d. 1967 )

* 1875 – Albert Ketèlbey, English conductor, composer, and pianist ( d. 1959 )

Albert Schweitzer, OM ( 14 January 1875 – 4 September 1965 ) was a German and then French theologian, organist, philosopher, physician, and medical missionary.

* 1875 – Mstislav Dobuzhinsky, Russian painter ( d. 1957 )

Aleister Crowley ( ; 12 October 1875 – 1 December 1947 )| deadurl = no

* Sir William Buell Richards ( Chief Justice ) – September 30, 1875

* Télesphore Fournier – September 30, 1875

* William Alexander Henry – September 30, 1875

* Sir William Johnstone Ritchie – September 30, 1875

* Sir Samuel Henry Strong – September 30, 1875

* Jean-Thomas Taschereau – September 30, 1875

Franciszek Bujak ( 1875 – 1953 ) and Jan Rutkowski ( 1886 – 1949 ), the founders of modern economic history in Poland and of the journal Roczniki Dziejów Spolecznych i Gospodarczych ( 1931 – ), were attracted to the innovations of the Annales school.

* 1875 – Artur Bernardes, Brazilian politician, 12th President of Brazil ( d. 1955 )

* 1875 – Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, English composer ( d. 1912 )

* 1875 – Stjepan Seljan, Croatian explorer ( d. 1936 )

* Albert I of Belgium ( 1875 – 1934 ), third King of the Belgians

* 1875 – Captain Matthew Webb became the first person to swim across the English Channel, traveling from Dover, England, to Calais, France, in 22 hours.

Andrew Johnson ( December 29, 1808 July 31, 1875 ) was the 17th President of the United States ( 1865 – 1869 ).

* 1875 – William Eccles, English physicist ( d. 1966 )

* 1875 – Eugene Lanceray, Russian painter and sculptor ( d. 1946 )

* Alfons Karpiński ( 1875 – 1961 ), Polish painter

* 1805 – Hans Christian Andersen, Danish writer ( d. 1875 )

Charles Roscoe Barnes ( May 8, 1850 – February 5, 1915 ) was one of the stars of baseball's National Association ( 1871 – 1875 ) and the early National League ( 1876 – 1881 ), playing second base and shortstop.

She made a vain attempt to escape from such an admission by trying to shift the occasion of the summer fair to the previous year, 1875, but Mr. Lockwood put it to her that she had not come to Darnall, where she first met Peace, until the end of that year.

Greenwood retired, Rowbotham resumed the captaincy for 1875, and Lockwood took over in 1876.

Previous captains had all been professionals: Roger Iddison ( 1863 – 72 ), Joseph Rowbotham ( 1873 and 1875 ), Luke Greenwood ( 1874 ), Ephraim Lockwood ( 1876 – 77 ) and Tom Emmett ( 1878 – 82 ).

* 1875 – Walter Chrysler, American automobile pioneer ( d. 1940 )

* English antecedents & the American experience to 1875

A game which modern audiences would more readily recognize as American football occurred six years after the first ever game and occurred between Harvard University and Tufts University on June 4, 1875.

David Llewelyn Wark " D. W ." Griffith ( January 22, 1875 – July 23, 1948 ) was a premier pioneering American film director.

* 1875 – Albert Bond Lambert, American golfer ( d. 1946 )

* 1963 – Thomas Hicks, British-born American runner ( b. 1875 )

The Chester Beatty Library houses the famous collection of manuscripts, miniature paintings, prints, drawings, rare books and decorative arts assembled by American mining millionaire ( and honorary Irish citizen ) Sir Alfred Chester Beatty ( 1875 – 1968 ).

* 1920 – Ernie Courtney, American baseball player ( b. 1875 )

* 1812 – Henry Wilson, American politician 18th Vice President of the United States ( d. 1875 )

* 1875 – John Duha, American gymnast ( d. 1940 )

Gilbert Newton Lewis ForMemRS ( October 23, 1875 – March 23, 1946 ) was an American physical chemist known for the discovery of the covalent bond ( see his Lewis dot structures and his 1916 paper " The Atom and the Molecule "), his purification of heavy water, his reformulation of chemical thermodynamics in a mathematically rigorous manner accessible to ordinary chemists, his theory of Lewis acids and bases, and his photochemical experiments.

* John Ford House ( 1827 – 1904 ), American legislator who, from 1875 to 1883, served as Democratic representative for Tennessee's 6th congressional district

* 1875 – Thomas Burke, American sprinter ( d. 1929 )

* 1875 – Mary McLeod Bethune, American educator and activist ( d. 1955 )

* 1825 – George Pickett, American Confederate general ( d. 1875 )

* 1875 – D. W. Griffith, American film director ( d. 1948 )

* 1875 – Emil Voigt, American gymnast ( d. 1961 )

* 1875 – Thomas Hicks, American runner ( d. 1963 )

* 1821 – John C. Breckinridge, American lawyer and politician, 14th Vice President of the United States and Confederate general ( d. 1875 )

* 1875 – Harriet Quimby, American aviatrix ( d. 1912 )

* 1875 – Alfred P. Sloan, American businessman ( d. 1966 )

Education for Extinction: American Indians and the Boarding School Experience 1875 – 1928, University Press of Kansas, 1975.

* 1946 – Albert Bond Lambert, American golfer ( b. 1875 )