* 1939 – 1945, the Second Battle of the Atlantic.

Subsequent formalizations were framed as attempts to define " effective calculability " or " effective method "; those formalizations included the Gödel – Herbrand – Kleene recursive functions of 1930, 1934 and 1935, Alonzo Church's lambda calculus of 1936, Emil Post's " Formulation 1 " of 1936, and Alan Turing's Turing machines of 1936 – 7 and 1939.

* 1890 – Anthony Fokker, Dutch aviation engineer ( d. 1939 )

* 1939 – André Ouellet, French-Canadian politician

* 1852 – Ferdinand von Lindemann, German mathematician ( d. 1939 )

* 1939 – Alan Ayckbourn, English writer

* 1939 – Johnny Raper, Australian rugby league footballer

* 1939 – The 1939-40 New York World's Fair opens.

* 1939 – NBC inaugurates its regularly scheduled television service in New York City, broadcasting President Franklin D. Roosevelt's N. Y. World's Fair opening day ceremonial address.

* 1939 – First flight of the turbojet-powered Heinkel He 178, the world's first jet aircraft.

* 1939 – William Least Heat-Moon, American author

* 1939 – Edward Patten, American singer-songwriter and producer ( Gladys Knight & the Pips ) ( d. 2005 )

* 1939 – Bulle Ogier, French actress

* 1939 – Romano Prodi, Italian politician and statesman

* 1939 – Hércules Brito Ruas, Brazilian footballer

* 1939 – Albert Einstein and Leó Szilárd write a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt, urging him to begin the Manhattan Project to develop a nuclear weapon.

* 1939 – Benjamin Barber, American theorist

* 1939 – Wes Craven, American director

* 1939 – John W. Snow, American politician, 73rd United States Secretary of the Treasury

* 1984 – Marvin Gaye, American singer ( The Moonglows ) ( b. 1939 )

* 2001 – Trinh Cong Son, Vietnamese composer ( b. 1939 )

Eastern European theorists include Pyotr Stolypin ( 1862 – 1911 ) and Alexander Chayanov ( 1888 – 1939 ) in Russia ; Adolph Wagner ( 1835 – 1917 ), and Karl Oldenberg in Germany, and Bolesław Limanowski ( 1835 – 1935 ) in Poland.

Reiner Protsch ( von Zieten ), born January 14, 1939 in Berlin, is a German anthropologist who published allegedly erroneous carbon dating data of human fossils.

There he repeated in a different form all that he had already said, for all the world as if he had a gramophone fixed in his brain ... When I took leave, he subjected me to an interminable handshake, meanwhile fixing his cold blue eyes on mine, and repeating almost word for word what he said to me on arrival ... I felt I should never be able to establish any human contact with this man " In early June 1940, when Mussolini informed Hitler that he at long last would enter the war on 10 June 1940, Hitler was most dismissive, in private calling Mussolini a cowardly opportunist who broke the terms of the Pact of Steel in September 1939 when the going looked rough, and was only entering the war in June 1940 after it was clear that France was beaten and it appeared that Britain would soon make peace.

" In a review of Goldhagen's book, Mark Riebling counters that Pius used the word " Jew " in his first encyclical, Summi Pontificatus, published on 20 October 1939.

In the 1939 movie The Women, Joan Crawford could only allude to the word: " And by the way, there's a name for you ladies, but it isn't used in high society-outside of a kennel.

Exactly when the word bluegrass itself was adopted to label this form is not certain, but is believed to be in the late 1950s, and was derived from the name of the seminal Blue Grass Boys band, formed in 1939 with Bill Monroe as its leader.

When Asimov wrote his first robot stories in 1939 / 1940, the positron was a newly discovered particle and so the buzz word positronic, coined by analogy with electronic, added a contemporary gloss of popular science to the concept.

This 45-letter word, referred to as P45, first appeared in the 1939 supplement to the Merriam-Webster New International Dictionary, Second Edition.

Bonanova was also an uncredited technical consultant for the film Blood and Sand ( 1941 ), and produced and appeared in the Spanish-language film La Inmaculada ( the title is a name of the Virgin Mary, cognate to the English word " Immaculate "; 1939 ).

As a result of the popularity of the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz, the word " munchkin " has entered the English language as a reference to small children, dwarfs, or anything cute of diminutive stature.

Ernest Vincent Wright ( 1872October 7, 1939 ) was an American author known for his book Gadsby, a 50, 000 word novel which, except for the introduction and a note at the end, did not use the letter " e ".

" During the famous Winter War of 1939 – 1940, the Finnish perseverance in the face of the invasion by the Soviet Union popularized this word in English for a generation.

B. Traven's best known works include the novels The Death Ship from 1926 and The Treasure of the Sierra Madre from 1927, in 1948 filmed by John Huston, and the so-called Jungle Novels, also known as the Caoba cyclus ( from the Spanish word caoba, meaning mahogany ), a group of six novels ( including The Carreta and Government ), published in the years 1930 – 1939, set among Mexican Indians just before and during the Mexican Revolution in the early 20th century.

However, as a disparaging word, it was rather " chukhna " that was applied also to Finns ( and likewise to Estonians ) as late as during the Winter War, 1939 – 1940, between the Soviet Union and Finland.

The koruna ( Slovak: koruna slovenská, note the different word ordering from the modern koruna ) was the currency of the Slovak Republic from 1939 to 1945.

On February 28, 1939, an editor noticed " dord " lacked an etymology and investigated.

The 1939 film Beau Geste is the only movie that features as many as four Academy Award winners for Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Gary Cooper, Ray Milland, Susan Hayward, Broderick Crawford ) prior to any of the actors receiving the Best Actor Award.

Very little mention is made in Christie's work about this part of his life, but in " The Nemean Lion " ( 1939 ) Poirot himself refers to a Belgian case of his in which " a wealthy soap manufacturer poisoned his wife in order to be free to marry his secretary ".

* 1939 – The Grapes of Wrath, by American author John Steinbeck is first published by the Viking Press.

Sir Alan Ayckbourn CBE ( born 12 April 1939 ) is a prolific English playwright.

* 1939 – DC Comics publishes its second major superhero in Detective Comics # 27 ; he is Batman, one of the most popular comic book superheroes of all time.

Nin left Paris in the late summer of 1939, when residents from overseas were urged to leave France due to the upcoming war and returned to New York City with Guiler ( who was, on his own wish, all but edited out of her diaries published in her lifetime and whose role in her life is therefore difficult to gauge ).

His 1939 memorial article for Sapir, " The Relation of Habitual Thought And Behavior to Language ", in particular has been taken to be Whorf's definitive statement of the issue, and is his most frequently quoted piece.

The Beowulf manuscript was transcribed from an original by two scribes, one of whom wrote the first 1939 lines and a second who wrote the remainder, so the poem up to line 1939 is in one handwriting, whilst the rest of the poem is in another.

The notation was introduced in 1939 by Paul Dirac and is also known as Dirac notation, though the notation has precursors in Grassmann's use of the notation for his inner products nearly 100 years previously.

Another example is the place of The Wizard of Oz ( 1939 ) in American and British gay culture, although a widely viewed and historically important film in greater American culture.

He was born in Buca, Izmir Province, in 1939 and is married with one child.

A popular myth is that Polish cavalry armed with lances charged German tanks during the September 1939 campaign.

: This article is about the 1939 movie remake Destry Rides Again.

Destry Rides Again ( AKA The Man from Montana ) ( 1939 ) is a western starring Marlene Dietrich and James Stewart.

* 1939 – Erzincan, Turkey is hit by an earthquake, killing 30, 000.

* 1939 – Winter War: The Soviet Union is expelled from the League of Nations for invading Finland.

It is estimated that, by 1936, the OND had organised 80 % of salaried workers and, by 1939, 40 % of the industrial workforce.

There is also a broader definition, as described by Marc Bloch ( 1939 ), that includes not only warrior nobility but all three estates of the realm: the nobility, the clerics, and the peasantry bonds of manorialism ; this is sometimes referred to as a " feudal society ".

Since at least the 1960s, when Marc Bloch's Feudal Society ( 1939 ) was first translated into English in 1961, many medieval historians have included a broader social aspect that includes not only the nobility but all three estates of the realm, adding the peasantry bonds of manorialism and the estates of the Church ; this is sometimes referred to as " feudal society " since it encompasses all members of society into the feudal system.

Although It's a Wonderful Life is his most well-known film, Friedman notes that it was Mr. Smith Goes to Washington ( 1939 ) which most represented the " Capra myth.