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* ALGOL W @ Everything2, an informal but detailed description of the language by a former user, with sidebars extolling ALGOL W over Pascal as an educational programming language
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ALGOL and W
Before his work on Pascal, Wirth had developed Euler and ALGOL W and later went on to develop the Pascal-like languages Modula-2 and Oberon.
Other languages that influenced Pascal's development were COBOL, Simula 67, and Wirth's own ALGOL W.
Such constructs were in part inherited or inspired from Simula 67, ALGOL 68, Niklaus Wirth's own ALGOL W and suggestions by C. A. R. Hoare.
In ALGOL 60 reserved words are distinct lexical items, but in ALGOL W they are merely sequences of characters, and do not need to be stropped.
ALGOL and informal
In numerical computation, mathematical style pseudocode is sometimes called pidgin code, for example pidgin ALGOL ( the origin of the concept ), pidgin Fortran, pidgin BASIC, pidgin Pascal, and pidgin C. It is a compact and often informal notation that blends syntax taken from a conventional programming language with mathematical notation, typically using set theory and matrix operations, and perhaps also natural language descriptions.
ALGOL and description
ALGOL ( short for ALGOrithmic Language ) is a family of imperative computer programming languages originally developed in the mid 1950s which greatly influenced many other languages and was the standard method for algorithm description used by the ACM, in textbooks, and academic works for the next 30 years and more.
Backus also wrote that a formal description of the meaning of syntactically valid ALGOL programs wasn't completed in time for inclusion in the report.
Contributions to computer science made by the RSRE included ALGOL 68RS ( A portable implementation of ALGOL 68, following on from ALGOL 68R developed by RRE ), the VIPER high integrity microprocessor, the ELLA hardware description language, and the TenDRA C / C ++ compiler.
* The Dijkstra-Zonneveld ALGOL 60 compiler for the Electrologica X1 ( PDF ) includes a good description of the X1 instruction set.
ALGOL and language
It was developed by Tony Brooker and Derrick Morris as a variant of the ALGOL programming language, removing some Algol features such as " passing parameters by name " ( which in Algol 60 means passing the address of a short subroutine to recalculate the parameter each time it was mentioned ).
The language was based on FORTRAN II, with some influences from ALGOL 60 and with additions to make it suitable for timesharing.
Coral 66 is a general-purpose programming language based on ALGOL 60, with some features from Coral 64, JOVIAL, and FORTRAN.
Dijkstra was known to be a fan of ALGOL 60, and worked on the team that implemented the first compiler for that language.
Heinz Rutishauser, one of the inventors of ALGOL, wrote: " The very first attempt to devise an algorithmic language was undertaken in 1948 by K. Zuse.
At the end of the 1950s, the language formalized as ALGOL 60 was introduced, and most later programming languages are, in many respects, descendants of Algol.
Pascal has its roots in the ALGOL 60 language, but also introduced concepts and mechanisms which ( on top of ALGOL's scalars and arrays ) enabled programmers to define their own complex ( structured ) datatypes, and also made it easier to build dynamic and recursive data structures such as lists, trees and graphs.
A language is described as block-structured when it has a syntax for enclosing structures between bracketed keywords, such as an if-statement bracketed by as in ALGOL 68, or a code section bracketed by, as in PL / I-or the curly braces of C and many later languages.
The language, including the use of a reversed keyword to mark the end of a block, was influenced by ALGOL 68.
The B5000 was a stack machine designed to exclusively support high-level languages, with no software, not even at the lowest level of the operating system, being written directly in machine language or assembly language ; the MCP was the first OS to be written entirely in a high-level language-ESPOL, a dialect of ALGOL 60-although ESPOL had specialized statements for each " syllable " ( opcode ) in the B5000 instruction set.
Naur won the 2005 ACM A. M. Turing Award for his work on defining the ALGOL 60 programming language.
( editor ) " Report on the algorithmic language ALGOL 60 ", 1960, published in several journals, including Communication of the ACM 3, 5 ( May 1960 ), pp. 299 – 314
( editor ) " Revised report on the algorithmic language ALGOL 60 ", Communications of the ACM 6, 1 ( Jan. 1963 ), pp. 1 – 17
ABC ALGOL is an extension of the Algol 60 programming language with arbitrary data structures and user-defined operators, targeted for symbolic mathematics.
* Basic concepts of SIMULA: an ALGOL based simulation language / by Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard.
In 1958, disputes between European and American delegates over the correct representation of the decimal mark nearly stalled the development of the ALGOL computer programming language.
Other programming languages described, or partially described, using Meta-IV and VDM-SL include the BASIC programming language, FORTRAN, the APL programming language, ALGOL 60, the Ada programming language and the Pascal programming language.
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