* 2008 – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Russian writer ( b. 1918 )

# REDIRECT Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn

In 1973 and 1974 the Soviet media campaign targeted both Andrei Sakharov and Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn.

In his book, The Gulag Archipelago, Soviet writer Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn described cases of cannibalism in 20th-century USSR.

* 1918 – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Russian writer and Soviet dissident, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 2008 )

* 1974 – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, winner of the Nobel Prize in literature in 1970, is exiled from the Soviet Union.

During the Nobel ceremony in December 1974, Hayek met the Russian dissident Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn.

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Literature, introduced the term to the Western world with the 1973 publication of his novel The Gulag Archipelago.

A wide range of death tolls has been suggested, from as many as 60 million suggested by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn to as few as 700, 000 by Soviet news sources.

Anti-Stalinist figures such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn were allowed the freedom to criticize Stalin.

* Cancer Ward ( 1967 ) by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn

A typical example is the Soviet Union where the dissidents, such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and Andrei Sakharov were under strong pressure from the government.

Some analysts like Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn in The Mortal Danger: Misconceptions about Soviet Russia and the Threat to America consider the use of the term " Stalinism " is an excuse to hide the inevitable effects of communism as a whole on human liberties.

* December 11 – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 2008 )

** Soviet author Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn is awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn was also imprisoned in a sharashka, and based his novel The First Circle on his experiences there.

Russian literature is known for such notable writers as Aleksandr Pushkin, Leo Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Anton Chekhov, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Boris Pasternak, Anna Akhmatova, Joseph Brodsky, Maxim Gorky, Vladimir Nabokov, Mikhail Sholokhov, Mikhail Bulgakov, Andrei Platonov, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, and Varlam Shalamov.

In his controversial historical work Two Hundred Years Together, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn claimed that Isay Berg, the head of the administrative and economic department of the NKVD of Moscow Oblast, invented the gas van in the Soviet Union in 1937.

; Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn: for an outstanding contribution into the development of Russian literature, Russian language and Russian history.

The Gulag Archipelago () is a book by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn about the Soviet forced labour camp system.

Category: Novels by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn

Some writers dared to oppose Soviet ideology, like short story writer Varlam Shalamov and Nobel Prize winning novelist Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, who wrote about life in the gulag camps, or Vasily Grossman, with his description of World War II events countering the Soviet official historiography.

Image: Solzhenicyn. jpg | Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn

Poster for Kino-Glaz, designed by Aleksandr Rodchenko ( 1924 )

In 1964 Charles H. Townes, Nikolay Basov, and Aleksandr Prokhorov shared the Nobel Prize in Physics, “ for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser – laser principle ”.

Directed by Risto Orko and Aleksandr Ptushko, and written by Väinö Kaukonen and Viktor Vitkovich, the movie somewhat alters the circumstances surrounding the Sampo's creation ; Louhi kidnaps Ilmarinen's sister Annikki to compel him to build a Sampo for her.

This was one part of Aleksandr Shelepin's ' grand strategy ' of using national liberation movements as a spearhead of the Soviet Union's foreign policy in the Third World, and in 1960 the KGB organized funding and training for twelve individuals that Fonseca handpicked.

Parallel to the Germans, Russian Constructivist artists such as El Lissitzky, Aleksandr Rodchenko and the husband-and-wife team of Gustav Klutsis and Valentina Kulagina created pioneering photomontage work as propaganda, such as the journal USSR in Construction, for the Soviet government.

TRIGON, for example, was the code name for Aleksandr Ogorodnik, a member of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in what was then the Soviet Union, whom the CIA developed as a spy ; HERO was the code name for Col. Oleg Penkovsky, who supplied data on the nuclear readiness of the Soviet Union during the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962.

* 1922 — Aleksandr Oparin proposed that the Earth's early atmosphere contained methane, ammonia, hydrogen, and water vapor, and that these were the raw materials for the origin of life.

* A controversial herbal remedy for cancer containing aconite was used by the character Kostoglotov in Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's novel Cancer Ward.

; Aleksandr Nikolaevich Nesmeyanov: accumulatively for works in chemistry.

; Aleksandr Pavlovich Vinogradov: for outstanding achievements in geochemistry.

; Aleksandr Ivanovich Tselikov: for outstanding achievements in metallurgy and metal technology.

; Aleksandr Ivanovich Oparin: for outstanding achievements in biochemistry.

; Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov: for outstanding achievements in physics.

The painter Aleksandr Deineka provides a notable example for his expressionist and patriotic scenes of the Second World War, collective farms, and sports.

On September 28th, ( October 10th, new style ) 1806, Aleksandr I, Emperor of Russia made a notation on the design submitted to him of a new flag for the Russian-American Company ; " So be it ", and added his cypher, thereby approving the first flag in Russia's history to be used by an Imperial chartered company.

Miller, working in his laboratory at the University of Chicago, demonstrated that when exposed to an energy source such as an electrical discharge, these compounds and water can react to produce amino acids essential for the formation of living matter: similar ideas had been suggested by Russian chemist Aleksandr Oparin and British scientist J. B. S.

It later came to mean any substantial railway station building ( a different Russian word, stantsiya, is used for minor stations ). The word " voksal " ( воксал ) had been known in the Russian language with the meaning of " amusement park " long before the 1840s and may be found, e. g., in the poetry of Aleksandr Pushkin: ( To Natalie ( 1813 ): " At fêtes and in voksals, / I've been flitting like a gentle Zephyrus "

Though the Silver Age is famous mostly for its poetry, it produced some first-rate novelists and short-story writers, such as Aleksandr Kuprin, Nobel Prize winner Ivan Bunin, Leonid Andreyev, Fedor Sologub, Aleksey Remizov, Yevgeny Zamyatin, Dmitry Merezhkovsky and Andrei Bely, though most of them wrote poetry as well as prose.