Alfred Bernhard Nobel ( äl ' fred bern ' härd nōbel ') () ( 21 October 1833 – 10 December 1896 ) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, innovator, and armaments manufacturer.

Born in Stockholm, Alfred Nobel was the fourth son of Immanuel Nobel ( 1801 – 1872 ), an inventor and engineer, and Andriette Ahlsell Nobel ( 1805 – 1889 ).

Through his father, Alfred Nobel was a descendant of the Swedish scientist Olaus Rudbeck ( 1630 – 1702 ), and in his turn the boy was interested in engineering, particularly explosives, learning the basic principles from his father at a young age.

Alfred Nobel's death mask, at the Nobel museum in Stockholm, Sweden.

Though her personal contact with Alfred Nobel had been brief, she corresponded with him until his death in 1896, and it is believed that she was a major influence in his decision to include a peace prize among those prizes provided in his will.

The obituary stated (" The merchant of death is dead ") and went on to say, " Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday.

In 2001, Alfred Nobel's great-grandnephew, Peter Nobel ( b. 1931 ), asked the Bank of Sweden to differentiate its award to economists given " in Alfred Nobel's memory " from the five other awards.

This has caused much controversy whether the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel is actually a " Nobel Prize "

* Nobel, Alfred Bernhard in the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica

The Life of Alfred Nobel.

* Alfred Nobel US Patent No 78, 317, dated 26 May 1868

* Evlanoff, M. and Fluor, M. Alfred Nobel – The Loneliest Millionaire.

* Sohlman, R. The Legacy of Alfred Nobel, transl.

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* Alfred Austin ( 1835 – 1913 ), British poet

Alfred Habdank Skarbek Korzybski () ( July 3, 1879 – March 1, 1950 ) was a Polish-American philosopher and scientist.

Alfred Elton van Vogt ( April 26, 1912 – January 26, 2000 ) was a Canadian-born science fiction author regarded as one of the most popular and complex science fiction writers of the mid-twentieth century: the " Golden Age " of the genre.

* 1809 – Alfred, Lord Tennyson, English poet ( d. 1892 )

* 1844 – Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha ( d. 1900 )

* 1911 – William Alfred Fowler, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1996 )

* 1899 – Alfred Hitchcock, English director and producer ( d. 1980 )

* 1856 – Alfred Deakin, Australian politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Australia ( d. 1919 )

* 1977 – Alfred Lunt, American actor ( b. 1892 )

* 1998 – Alfred Schnittke, Russian composer ( b. 1934 )

Alfred William Lawson ( March 24, 1869 – November 29, 1954 ) was a professional baseball player, manager and league promoter from 1887 through 1916 and went on to play a pioneering role in the US aircraft industry, publishing two early aviation trade journals.

* Alfred Edel ( 1932 – 1993 ): actor

* 1881 – Alfred Wagenknecht, German-American activist ( d. 1956 )

* 1892 – Alfred Lunt, American actor ( d. 1977 )

Alfred Russel Wallace, OM, FRS ( 8 January 1823 – 7 November 1913 ) was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist and biologist.

* 1915 – Alfred Rouleau, Canadian businessman ( d. 1985 )

* Prince Alfred of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg and Gotha ( 1874 – 1899 )

Alfred the Great (, " elf counsel "; 849 – 26 October 899 ) was King of Wessex from 871 to 899.

Alfred the Great silver offering penny, 871 – 899.

" Other important predecessors include Alfred Bester's two most celebrated novels, The Demolished Man and The Stars My Destination, as well as Vernor Vinge's novella True Names.

She starred in Alfred Hitchcock's suspense film, The Man Who Knew Too Much ( 1956 ) with James Stewart.

1929 was a watershed year: William Wellman with Chinatown Nights and The Man I Love, Rouben Mamoulian with Applause, Alfred Hitchcock with Blackmail ( Britain's first sound feature ), were among the directors to bring greater fluidity to talkies and experiment with the expressive use of sound ( Eyman, 1997 ).

Several other new talents emerged during this period, and Alfred Hitchcock would confirm his status as one of the UK's leading young directors with his influential thrillers The Man Who Knew Too Much ( 1934 ), The 39 Steps ( 1935 ) and The Lady Vanishes ( 1938 ), before moving to Hollywood.

Opinion is divided on the noir status of several of Alfred Hitchcock's thrillers from the era ; at least four qualify by consensus: Shadow of a Doubt ( 1943 ), Notorious ( 1946 ), Strangers on a Train ( 1951 ), and The Wrong Man ( 1956 ).

* 1885 – Alfred Fuller, Canadian businessman, The " Fuller Brush Man " ( d. 1973 )

* Most notably, the rights to four Paramount films directed by Alfred Hitchcock – Rear Window ( 1954 ), The Trouble With Harry ( 1956 ), The Man Who Knew Too Much ( 1956 ), and Vertigo ( 1958 ) were owned by the director himself.

After Pulp Fiction was completed, he then directed Episode Four of Four Rooms, " The Man from Hollywood ", a tribute to the Alfred Hitchcock Presents episode that starred Steve McQueen.

For example, Alfred Hitchcock's 1935 thriller The 39 Steps features the gimmick of a young couple who find themselves handcuffed together and who eventually, almost in spite of themselves, fall in love with one another, and Woody Van Dyke's 1934 detective comedy The Thin Man portrays a witty, urbane couple who trade barbs as they solve mysteries together.

The director also cites Alfred Hitchcock ’ s The Wrong Man and Jack Hazan ’ s A Bigger Splash as inspiration for his camerawork in the movie.

Psychologist Lloyd Humphreys, then editor-in-chief of The American Journal of Psychology and Psychological Bulletin, wrote that The Mismeasure of Man was " science fiction " and " political propaganda ", and that Gould had misrepresented the views of Alfred Binet, Godfrey Thomson, and Lewis Terman.

Grizzly Man, directed by Herzog, won the Alfred P. Sloan Prize at the 2005 Sundance Film Festival.

It is from Alfred Hitchcock's The Man Who Knew Too Much, in which Day co-stars with James Stewart.

She appeared in the 1975 screen adaptation of the Hans Fallada novel, Every Man Dies Alone directed by Alfred Vohrer, released in English as Everyone Dies Alone in 1976 and for which she won an award for best actress at the International Film Festival in Carlsbad, then in Czechoslovakia.

Alfred Hitchcock did much to popularise the spy film in the 1930s with his influential thrillers The Man Who Knew Too Much ( 1934 ), The 39 Steps ( 1935 ), Sabotage ( 1937 ) and The Lady Vanishes ( 1938 ).

* The Man Who Knew Too Much ( 1934 ) Alfred Hitchcock film about a family trying to save their child and a politician from an organization of assassins being hunted by MI6.

Fonda worked with Alfred Hitchcock in 1956, playing a man falsely accused of robbery in The Wrong Man ; the unusual semi-documentary work of Hitchcock's was based on an actual incident and partly filmed on location.

Alfred the Great: the Man Who Made England ( 2005 )

" Founded by the poet Alfred Kreymborg and the artist Man Ray, this group included Walter Conrad Arensberg, Wallace Stevens, Mina Loy, Marianne Moore and Marcel Duchamp.

* Alfred Young Man ( b. 1948 ), educator, writer, curator, artist

When the Nazis came to power in Germany in 1933, Lorre took refuge first in Paris and then London, where he was noticed by Ivor Montagu, Alfred Hitchcock's associate producer for The Man Who Knew Too Much ( 1934 ), who reminded the director about Lorre's performance in M. They first considered him to play the assassin in the film, but wanted to use him in a larger role, despite his limited command of English, which Lorre overcame by learning much of his part phonetically.

Alfred Hitchcock remade his 1934 black and white The Man Who Knew Too Much in color in 1956.

Grantwood was an artist's colony established in 1913 by Man Ray, Alfred Kreymborg and Samuel Halpert and became known as the " Others " group of artists.

In addition to stage plays, Williams wrote a number of film screenplays, working with Alfred Hitchcock ( on The Man Who Knew Too Much ), Carol Reed and other directors.