In April 2007, it was reported that imaging analysis had discovered an early commentary on Aristotle's Categories in the Archimedes Palimpsest, and Robert Sharples suggested Alexander as the most likely author.

* On Aristotle's Categories ( anonymous writer )

Category came into use with Aristotle's essay Categories, in which he discussed univocal and equivocal terms, predication, and ten categories:

His principal translation embraced the first five books of Averroes ' " intermediate " commentary on Aristotle's Logic, consisting of the Introduction of Porphyry and the four books of Aristotle on the Categories, Interpretation, Syllogism, and Demonstration.

Some of Aristotle's Categories are included in Roget's first class " abstract relations ".

The works which have survived are his commentaries upon Aristotle's de Caelo, Physica Auscultatio, and Categories, as well as a commentary upon the Enchiridion of Epictetus.

Nor can he refer to Aristotle's Categories, which also goes into great detail on this distinction ( treating it as between simple expressions of state and secondary substances ).

* The Categories ( Latin: Categoriae ) introduces Aristotle's 10-fold classification of that which exists.

Apart from writing the Aids to the Study of the Intelligibles ( Sententiae Ad Intelligibilia Ducentes ), a basic summary of Neoplatonism, he is especially appreciated for his Introduction to Categories ( Introductio in Praedicamenta ), a very short work often considered to be a commentary on Aristotle's Categories, hence the title.

As Porphyry's most influential contribution to philosophy, the Introduction to Categories incorporated Aristotle's logic into Neoplatonism, in particular the doctrine of the categories of being interpreted in terms of entities ( in later philosophy, " universal ").

On Aristotle's Categories.

Eastern Christians meanwhile continued the late Antique practice of studying in the homes of secular masters, studying the same curriculum of " classical " Greek authors as their predecessors in the Roman period: Homer's Iliad, Plato's dialogues, Aristotle's Categories, Demosthenes ' speeches, Galen, Dioscurides, Strabo and others.

* Aristotle's Categories ( Maqulas ), Physics ( Tabi ' iyat ) and Magna Moralia ( Khulqiyat ).

It is not to be confused with ' praedicamenta ', the schoolmen's term for Aristotle's ten Categories.

* Aristotle's Theory of Categories with an extensive bibliography

He is also known for translating 2 of Aristotle's books from ancient Greek into Latin: the Categories and On Interpretation ( De Interpretatione ).

Sachs points to Aristotle's own distinction, explained for example in Categories 8b, that the word diathesis, normally uncontroversially translated as disposition, is only for passive and shallow dispositions that are easy to remove and change, such as being hot or cold, while hexis is reserved for deeper and more active dispositions, such as properly getting to know something in a way that it will not be easily forgotten.

Also see Aristotle's Categories viii where a hexis (" habit " in the translation of Edghill ) is contrasted with a disposition ( diathesis ) in terms of it being more permanent and less easy to change.

* Commentary on Aristotle's Categories ’

* Commentary on Aristotle's ‘ Categories ’, ed.

When we turn to Aristotle's ideas on the moral measure of literature, it is at once apparent that he is at times equally concerned about the influence of the art.

Albertus was educated principally at Padua, where he received instruction in Aristotle's writings.

According to Aristotle's Constitution of Orchomenus, when the Thespians ravaged Ascra, the villagers sought refuge at Orchomenus, where, following the advice of an oracle, they collected the ashes of Hesiod and set them in a place of honour in their agora, next to the tomb of Minyas, their eponymous founder.

Averroe did not have at hand a text of Aristotle's Politics, so he wrote a commentary on Plato's Republic instead.

* Aristotle's cosmology which placed the Earth at the center of a spherical hierarchic cosmos.

* 1270 – December – Crucial aspects of the philosophy of Averroism ( itself based on Aristotle's works ) are banned by the Catholic church in a condemnation enacted by papal authority at the University of Paris.

By Aristotle's day ( 384 – 322 BC ) citizenship had been reduced from 9, 000 to less than 1, 000, and then further decreased to 700 at the accession of Agis IV in 244 BC.

* December – Crucial aspects of the philosophy of Averroism ( itself based on Aristotle's works ) are banned by the Roman Catholic church in a condemnation enacted by papal authority at the University of Paris.

He wrote at least 67 original works, which included 28 works on philosophy, 20 on medicine, 8 on law, 5 on theology, and 4 on grammar, in addition to his commentaries on most of Aristotle's works and his commentary on Plato's The Republic.

According to Fakhry, this represents a change from Plato's theory of Ideas, where ideas precede particulars, to Aristotle's theory where particulars come first and the essence is " arrived at by a process of abstraction.

In Aristotle's sense, virtue is excellence at being human, a skill that helps a person survive, thrive, form meaningful relationships, and find happiness.

In the wake of Aristotle's Poetics ( 335 BCE ), tragedy has been used to make genre distinctions, whether at the scale of poetry in general ( where the tragic divides against epic and lyric ) or at the scale of the drama ( where tragedy is opposed to comedy ).

* 11th century — Ibn al-Haytham ( Alhazen ), an Arabian astronomer, refutes Aristotle's theory on the Milky Way by making the first attempt at observing and measuring the Milky Way's parallax,

Illustrating a general tendency in applied logic, Aristotle's law of noncontradiction states that " One cannot say of something that it is and that it is not in the same respect and at the same time.

Perhaps the most significant works commissioned for the library were those of Nicole Oresme, who translated Aristotle's Politics, Ethics and Economics into eloquent French for the first time ( an earlier attempt had been made at the Politics, but the manuscript is now lost ).

Furthermore, Aristotelian Physics was not designed with these sorts of calculations in mind, and Aristotle's philosophy regarding the heavens was entirely at odds with the concept of heliocentrism.

A Greek manuscript of Aristotle's Biological Works, written in Constantinople in the mid-9th century, and preserved at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, is probably the oldest surviving manuscript of texts that founded the science of biology.

" He held that corollarial deduction matches Aristotle's conception of direct demonstration, which Aristotle regarded as the only thoroughly satisfactory demonstration, while theorematic deduction ( A ) is the kind more prized by mathematicians, ( B ) is peculiar to mathematics, and ( C ) involves in its course the introduction of a lemma or at least a definition uncontemplated in the thesis ( the proposition that is to be proved ); in remarkable cases that definition is of an abstraction that " ought to be supported by a proper postulate.

Aristotle's Physics ( Book IV-Delta ) stated that the place of something is the two-dimensional boundary of the containing body that is at rest and is in contact with what it contains.

Augustine affirmed Aristotle's concepts of ensoulment occurring some time after conception, after which point abortion was to be considered homicide, while still maintaining the condemnation of abortion at any time from conception onward.

Hobbes has little time for the various disputing sects of philosophers and objects to what people have taken From Aristotle's civil philosophy, they have learned to call all manner of Commonwealths but the popular ( such as was at that time the state of Athens ), tyranny.

Lefkowitz also pointed out that Aristotle could not have stolen his ideas from the great Library at Alexandria as James suggested, because the library was founded after Aristotle's death.