Benefit tourism is a political term coined in the 1990s and later used for the perceived threat that a huge number of citizens from eight of the ten new nations given membership in the European Union in the 2004 enlargement of the European Union would move to the existing member states to benefit from their social welfare systems rather than to work.

The Invalid's Benefit is for someone who has a severe disability, and / or long term sickness, which is paid slightly more than the Sickness Benefit.

* The Benefit Improvement Law ( 1973 ), which made entitlement to hospital care legally binding ( entitlements already enjoyed in practice ), abolished time limits for hospital care, introduced entitlement to household assistance under specific conditions, and also introduced entitlement to leave of absence from work and cash benefits in the event of a child ’ s illness.

That same year, a Pneumoconiosis, Byssinosis and Miscellaneous Diseases Benefit Scheme was introduced.

To combat child poverty, legislation to create a universal Child Benefit was introduced in 1975 ( a reform later implemented by the Callaghan Government ).

Other reforms included the Educational Reform that introduced classroom teaching in the local indigenous language, Universal Maternity Coverage and milk and medical coverage for children up to the age of five years, a Universal Old-age Annual Benefit, opening elections to independent candidates for congressional seats, Capitalization, a reform which enabled the formation of joint ventures by private capital and the Bolivian people ( not the Bolivian state ) and requiring the private capital be invested directly in the new company.

While the NFL Championship was not named a Bowl initially, the league instituted the Pro Bowl as the name of its all-star game in 1951, and introduced the Bert Bell Benefit Bowl ( also known as the Playoff Bowl ) as a matchup of the two second-place teams in each division from 1960 to 1969.

Pupatello also introduced policy to allow further money to be ' flowed through ' from the federal government's National Child Benefit Supplement in each year since 2003.

Recent UK legal developments include the Co-operatives and Community Benefit Societies Act 2003, which has introduced the concept of an asset lock, which an industrial and provident society can introduce to prevent specified assets being used for unintended purposes.

* Best Employee Benefit Consulting Firm and Best Retail Agent / Broker in 2007 by Business Insurance.

There was however an 1881 French performance given as a Benefit, in the Cercle de la Méditerranée Salon at Nice, organized by Sophie Cruvelli, in which she took the role of Elsa.

The court first noted the significant difference between the State Constitution's Common Benefit Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Federal Constitution's 14th amendment, both in intent and provenance: the Common Benefit Clause was an original component of the 1777 Vermont Constitution, preceding its Federal " cousin " by several decades.

These assumptions include the average retirement age and lifespan of the employees, the returns to be earned by the pension plan's investments and any additional taxes or levies, such as those required by the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation in the U. S. So, for this arrangement, the benefit is relatively secure but the contribution is uncertain even when estimated by a professional.

* September 9 Federal bankruptcy judge Arthur Gonzalez denies Enron's request to block a lawsuit by the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, seeking to take control of Enron's pension plans.

The convicted soldiers were granted reduced sentences by invoking Benefit of clergy, which reduced their punishment from a death sentence to branding of the thumb in open court.

The first three were established by the case of Young v Bristol Aeroplane Co Ltd in 1946, the fourth by R ( on the application of Kadhim ) v Brent London Borough Housing Benefit Review Board in 2001.

On 23 June 2006, Plant was the headliner ( backed by Ian Hunter's band ) at the Benefit For Arthur Lee concert at New York's Beacon Theatre, a show which raised money for Lee's medical expenses from his bout with leukaemia.

Gulfton Center, a campus building owned by HCCS, opened in 1990 after Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Co. sold the building to HCCS for $ 700, 000 ( 1990 dollars ).

In 1998, in addition to performing her own set, she performed a cover of " Sad Lisa " with rock band Phish at the annual Bridge School Benefit concert in California, hosted by Neil Young, after which McLachlan began an extended period away from recording or touring.

No Doubt played at the Bridge School Benefit organized by Neil Young on October 24 and 25, 2009 at the Shoreline Amphitheatre in Mountain View, California.

Finally, " I'll Give You My Skin ," which appears both on Tame Yourself ( Benefit People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals ) and on the Indigo Girls release Rarities, is a collaborative work by Ray, Saliers, and Michael Stipe which is doubly rare, as Saliers and Ray usually write their songs without outside collaborators.

Benefit of clergy was abolished in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland by two acts in 1823, and Parliament formally abolished benefit of clergy in 1827.

* Richard B. Morris, " Benefit of Clergy in American and Related Matters ", University of Pennsylvania Law Review 105 ( 1957 ): 436 ( reviewing 1955 book of same title by George W. Dalzell ).

In 1994, Ministry performed at the Bridge School Benefit charity concert, covering songs by Bob Dylan, Ten Years After, and The Grateful Dead, and playing a new song, " Oh ... Presley, Come Hither, Presley ...", which was intended to be on their next album.

The Universal Child Benefit was a scheme to give benefits to parents, encouraging people to have children by enabling them to feed and support a family.

Where the cause of the taking of proceedings is e. g. rent arrears which was caused by the disability e. g. by Housing Benefit being cancelled through non response to correspondence and the non response was caused by the disability Then not only is it discrimination it is discrimination which cannot be justified on the grounds allowed in the act.

* UK Military Aviation Authority Regulatory Notice MAA / RN / 12 / 11 ( DG ) – Cost Benefit Analysis of Potential Air Safety Measures-Principles dated 8 Nov 11

The condition is catered for in the rules for mandatory urine testing for drugs in UK prisons, and UK Incapacity Benefit tribunals also recognise it.

He continues to attend festivals playing and guesting whenever possible and is an eager contributor to other band's projects, such as recording an album and touring with US space rockers Spaceseed in 2004, and live appearances with UK dance outfit Akahum at BGG Shareholders Party & HEADS Haiti Benefit show.

* UK Health and Safety Executive ALARP Cost Benefit Analysis

Benefit fraud is a form of welfare fraud as found within the system of government benefits paid to individuals by the UK welfare state.

Nowadays in the UK they fall under Co-operative and Community Benefit Societies and Credit Unions Act 1965 ( as it will be renamed by section 2 of the Co-operative and Community Benefit Societies and Credit Unions Act 2010 which is not yet in force ; currently the Industrial and Provident Societies Act 1965 ) and subsequent legislation to the present day such as The Friendly and Industrial and Provident Societies Act 1968 ( Audit Exemption ) ( Amendment ) Order 2006-Statutory Instrument 2006 No. 265 ( which increased the audit exemption threshold level for industrial and provident societies to £ 5. 6m ) and the Legislative Reform ( Industrial and Provident Societies and Credit Unions ) Order 2011-Statutory Instrument 2011 No. 2687 which increased the maximum shareholding limit, changed the date of submission of the annual return, permitted children to be members, and allows the publication of unaudited interim accounts.

They returned to the UK on 17 December and appeared as part of an Anti-Nuclear Benefit Concert at the Apollo Theatre, London.

Following a cabinet shuffle on April 17, 1986, he was promoted to the senior position of Finance Minister and Chairman of the Treasury Board, with responsibility for the Civil Service Act, the Civil Service Special Supplementary Benefit Act, and the Public Servants Insurance Act.

Under the Supplementary Benefit Act of 1966, an owner occupier on benefits was entitled to an allowance for repairs, insurance, rates, and “ reasonable ” interest charges on a mortgage.

The 1919 law was the first foray for North Carolina into eugenics ; this law, entitled " An Act to Benefit the Moral, Mental, or Physical Conditions of Inmates of Penal and Charitable Institutions " was quite brief, encompassing only 4 sections.

She has been active in campaigns providing for " Parental time-off provisions and financial support for child illness care ", Special education support ( parents d ' enfants handicapés ), " Benefit allocations for students starting the new school year " ( Allocation de rentrée scolaire ), and the " Prostitution of Minors Act " ( Loi contre la prostitution des mineurs ) which provides penal measures for clients.

The Benefit Authors without Limiting Advancement or Net Consumer Expectations ( BALANCE ) Act of 2003 is a bill that would amend Title 17 of the United States Code, " to safeguard the rights and expectations of consumers who lawfully obtain digital entertainment.

B19-0002 Health Benefit Exchange Authority Establishment Act of 2011

Following a cabinet shuffle on January 6, 1997, Gilleshammer was named Minister of Labour, with responsibility for the Civil Service Act, the Civil Service Superannuation Act, the Civil Service Supplementary Severance Benefit Act, the Public Servants Insurance Act, and the Workers Compensation Act.

The Employee Retirement Income Security Act ( ERISA ) does not provide insurance from the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation ( PBGC ) for Defined contribution plan, but cash balance plans do get such insurance because they, like all ERISA-defined benefit plans, are covered by the PBGC.

* 1974: Employee Retirement Income Security Act ( ERISA ) – imposed reporting and disclosure obligations and minimum standards for participation, vesting, accrual and funding on U. S. plan sponsors, established fiduciary standards applicable to plan administrators and asset managers, established the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation to ensure benefits for participants in terminated defined benefit plans, updated the Internal revenue Code rules for tax qualification, and authorized Employee Stock Ownership Plans (" ESOPs ") and Individual Retirement Accounts (" IRAs ").

He was also a strong advocate of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, which protected the interests of participants in private pension plans and established the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation.

Since the 1980s, under the ERISA Act passed in Congress in 1974 and its preemptive effect on state common law tort lawsuits that " relate to " Employee Benefit Plans, HMOs administering benefits through private employer health plans have been protected by Federal law from malpractice litigation on the grounds that the decisions regarding patient care are administrative rather than medical in nature.

The Progressive Conservatives were nonetheless able to form a minority government after this election, and on April 21, 1989, Hammond was named as Minister of Labour, with responsibility for the Status of Women, the Civil Service Act, the Civil Service Superannuation Act, the Civil Service Special Supplementary Severance Benefit Act, the Public Servants Insurance Act and the Workers Compensation Act ( in matters relating to Worker Advisers ).

In 1985 following the death of then Labour Minister Mary Beth Dolin, Mackling was appointed Minister of Labour with responsibility for the Manitoba Telephone System Act, the Civil Service Act, the Civil Service Superannuation Act, the Civil Service Supplementary Severance Benefit Act, and the Public Servants ' Insurance Act.