Of the many schools founded at this time and during the subsequent Warring States Period, the four most influential ones were Confucianism, Daoism ( often spelled " Taoism "), Mohism and Legalism.

Taoism ( Daoism ) is a philosophy and later also developed into a religion based on the texts the Tao Te Ching ( Dào Dé Jīng ; ascribed to Laozi ) and the Zhuangzi ( partly ascribed to Zhuangzi ).

In English, the words Daoism and Taoism ( or ) are the subject of an ongoing controversy over the preferred romanization for naming this native Chinese philosophy and Chinese religion.

The sometimes heated arguments over Taoism vs. Daoism involve sinology, phonemes, loanwords, and politics.

In loanword terminology, English Taoism / Daoism is a " calque ", " loan-rendering ", or " hybrid " that blends a borrowed word with a native element, for example, chopstick ) blends Chinese Pidgin English chop (< Cantonese kàp, pinyin kuài 快 " fast ; quick ") with English stick.

Taoism / Daoism is one of a few Chinese-ism borrowings, along with Confucianism, Mohism, and Maoism.

), the first recorded occurrences of the relevant words were Tao 1736, Tau 1747, Taouism and Taouist 1838, Taoistic 1856, Tao-ism 1858, Taoism 1903 wrong, at least antedated by Balfour ( 1881 ), Daoism 1948, Dao and Daoist 1971.

The English word Taoism is unquestionably older and more familiar than Daoism.

While sinologists increasingly prefer the term Daoism, traditionalists continue using the well-known Taoism.

Some scholars consciously adopt " Daoism " in order to distinguish the Chinese philosophy and religion from what " Taoism " embodied in the 19th-and 20th-century Western imaginations.

English dictionaries provide some insights into the Daoism – Taoism problem.

For over a century, British and American lexicographers glossed the pronunciation of Taoism as, but more recently they changed it to, and added Daoism entries.

The respective first accurate glosses for Taoism were " douizm ; tou -" ( Webster's International Dictionary of the English Language, 2nd ed., 1934 ) and " Also Daoism and with pronunc.

As detailed above, proponents for both sides of the Daoism – Taoism debate make valid arguments.

Some prefer the Wade-based Taoism because it is more familiar than Daoism and because the borrowing is a fully assimilated English word anyway ; such words are generally unaffected by later systems of romanization.

In conclusion, three illustrative outcomes of Daoism vs. Taoism are given from publishing, library, and Wikipedia spheres.

Taoism ( modernly: Daoism ) is a philosophical and religious tradition that emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao ( modernly romanized as " Dao ").

English-speakers continue to debate the preferred romanization of the words " Daoism " and " Taoism ".

In linguistic terminology, English Taoism / Daoism is formed from the Chinese loanword tao / dao " way ; route ; principle " and the native suffix-ism.

The debate over Taoism vs. Daoism involve sinology, phonemes, loanwords, and politics – not to mention whether Taoism should be pronounced or.

Daoism is pronounced, but English speakers disagree whether Taoism should be or.

In theory, both Wade-Giles tao and Pinyin dao are articulated identically, as are Taoism and Daoism.

* Daoism – Taoism romanization issue

* Andy James, The spiritual legacy of Shaolin temple: Buddhism, Daoism, and the energetic arts Wisdom Publications, 2004, ISBN 978-0-86171-352-3, 78ff.

Myth and Meaning in Early Taoism: The Themes of Chaos ( Hun-Tun ) ( University of California Press, 1988 )

Translated by Frank A. Kierman, Jr. Taoism and Chinese Religion ( University of Massachusetts Press, 1981 ).

Taoism: Growth of a Religion ( Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1997 French 1992 ).

* Saso, Michael R. Taoism and the Rite of Cosmic Renewal ( 2nd ed., Washington State University Press, 1990 ).

* Welch, H. and Seidel, A., Facets of Taoism ( Yale University Press, 1979 )

Translated by Frank A. Kierman, Jr. Taoism and Chinese Religion ( University of Massachusetts Press, 1981 ).

Taoism: Growth of a Religion ( Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1997 French 1992 ) page 14, 20.

The Sacred Books of China: The Texts of Taoism, Part I. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

1: The Western Chou Empire ( University of Chicago Press, 1970 ), a judicial account of the polity of the Western Chou dynasty ; What is Taoism?

A central International University of Meditation would have branches all over the world and run meditation camps, and study groups would investigate the key texts of Tantra, Taoism, Hinduism and other traditions.

* How Is This Going to Continue ?, a novel by James Chapman, presents itself as the libretto to a musical work by a composer whose ( fictional ) entry in The Grove Dictionary of Music is quoted at length.

* Faith comprised 5 sections: History of Christianity, Making of Key Life Experiences, How Shall I live ?, Night Rain ( a contemplation area designed by James Turrell and Faith Festivals Calender ( Eva Jiricna Architects with Jasper Jacobs Associates )

Produced and directed by Bruce James, it starred Damian Williams, host of Sky One's Are You Smarter Than A Ten Year Old ?, as Lurcio the slave.

* James Bryce, preface to Shall This Nation Die ?, by Joseph Naayem, New York: 1921, quoted in Native Christians Massacred, The Ottoman Genocide of the Assyrians during World War I, 1. 3 Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal 326 ( 2006 )

University of Texas economist James K. Galbraith has alleged that Stossel in his September 1999 special, Is America # 1 ?, used an out of context clip of Galbraith to convey the notion that Galbraith advocated the adoption by Europe of the free market economics practiced by the United States, when in fact, Galbraith actually advocated that Europe adopt some of the United States ' social benefit transfer mechanisms such as Social Security, which is the economically opposite view.

* What Really Happened to von Luckners ' Seeadler in 1917 ?, James N. Bade, University of Auckland ( PDF file ).

However, the most successful genres have been rock, popular and traditional fusion, with performers such as U2, Enya, Westlife, Boyzone, Phil Lynott and Thin Lizzy, Gary Moore, Rory Gallagher, Horslips, Bob Geldof and The Boomtown Rats, Clannad, Stiff Little Fingers, Altan, Frank Patterson, The Corrs, The Dubliners, The Chieftains, The Bothy Band, De Dannan, The Divine Comedy, Josef Locke, The Irish Tenors, Van Morrison, Therapy ?, The Saw Doctors, Planxty, The Wolfe Tones, Snow Patrol, The Cranberries, In Tua Nua, The Undertones, Ash, B * Witched, Nadine Coyle, The Hothouse Flowers, The Script, Two Door Cinema Club, Something Happens, The Clancy Brothers, Tommy Makem, Dana, Mundy, Sinéad O ' Connor, Paul Brady, Christy Moore, Dónal Lunny, Val Doonican, Ronnie Drew, Luke Kelly, Ruby Murray, Peter Cunnah ( of D: Ream ), Daniel O ' Donnell, Bridie Gallagher, Brendan Bowyer, Gilbert O ' Sullivan, Mary Black, Sir James Galway, Johnny Logan, Bill Whelan ( of Riverdance fame ), Damien Rice, Phil Coulter, Glen Hansard, and Celtic Woman achieving success nationally and internationally.

* Edward F. Hills ( 1912 – 1981 ), who wrote Believing Bible Study ( 1967 ) and King James Version Defended ( 1956, 1973 ) and wrote a chapter on Dean John William Burgon in Fuller's Which Bible ?, did not advocate the inerrancy of the King James Version nor the Origenian origin of the Septuagint.

On April 28, 2010, it was announced that St. James is working on another film titled Frontier Boys, and a book titled What Is He Thinking ?, both to be released in 2011.

* Schmidt, James, What Enlightenment Project ?, Political Theory, 28 / 6 ( 2000 ), pp. 734 – 57.

* Moon Bowl ( added c. 1961 )-A performing arts stage and dance floor that featured celebrity performers and guests, including Paul Anka, Count Basie, Dick Clark, Brenda Lee, Patti Page, the Everly Brothers, the Benny Goodman Orchestra, the Harry James Orchestra, Xavier Cugat and Abbe Lane, Ricky Nelson, the Lennon Sisters, Bobby Rydell, Bobby Darin, and the stars of Car 54, Where Are You ?, Fred Gwynne and Joe E. Ross.

In his What If the Gunpowder Plot Had Succeeded ?, Hutton has considered what might have happened if the Gunpowder Plot of 1605 had succeeded in its aims of the death of King James I and the destruction of the House of Lords.

James Christopher Bolam, MBE ( born 16 June 1935 ) is an English actor, best known for his roles as Jack Ford in When the Boat Comes In, Trevor Chaplin in The Beiderbecke Trilogy, Terry Collier in The Likely Lads and its sequel Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads ?, Roy Figgis in Only When I Laugh, Dr Arthur Gilder in Born and Bred, Jack Halford in New Tricks and the title character of Grandpa in the children's BBC programme Grandpa in My Pocket.

He also directed Came a Hot Friday, which featured comedian Billy T. James as the Tainui Kid, and What Becomes of the Broken Hearted ?, the sequel to Once Were Warriors.

Alain Silver and James Ursini wrote in their book Whatever Happened to Robert Aldrich ?, " Reputedly, Crawford was still incensed by Davis ' attitude on Baby Jane and did not want to be upstaged again, as Davis ' nomination for Best Actress convinced her she had been.

* Who Is Carrie ?, a 1984 historical novel by Christopher and James Lincoln Collier.