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Page "Windows API" ¶ 21
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DirectDraw and for
Managed DirectX includes a managed wrapper for DirectDraw.
That is, it contains many commands for 3D rendering ; however, since version 8, Direct3D has superseded the old DirectDraw framework and also taken responsibility for the rendering of 2D graphics.
Direct3D subsumed all remaining DirectDraw API calls still needed for application development, such as Present (), the function used to display rendering results.
Additional application programming interfaces ( APIs ) arrived for a variety of tasks, such as Microsoft's WinG graphics library for Windows 3. x, and their later DirectDraw interface for hardware acceleration of 2D games within Windows 95 and later.

DirectDraw and hardware
WinQuake instead accessed hardware via Win32-based APIs such as DirectSound, DirectInput, and DirectDraw that were supported on Windows 95, Windows NT 4. 0 and later releases.
DirectDraw uses hardware acceleration if it is available on the client's computer.
DirectDraw allows direct access to video memory, hardware overlays, hardware blitters, and page flipping.
A programmer could use DirectDraw to draw 3D graphics, but the rendering would be slow compared to an API such as Direct3D which does support 3D hardware acceleration.
The graphics chip capably accelerated DirectDraw and supported all of the Windows Graphics Device Interface ( GDI ) in hardware, with all 256 raster operations and tertiary functions, and hardware polygon acceleration.

DirectDraw and 2D
DirectDraw is a 2D API.

DirectDraw and .
Originally, the names of these APIs all began with Direct, such as Direct3D, DirectDraw, DirectMusic, DirectPlay, DirectSound, and so forth.
DirectDraw is part of Microsoft's DirectX API.
DirectDraw is used to render graphics in applications where top performance is important.
DirectDraw also allows applications to run fullscreen or embedded in a window such as most other MS Windows applications.
As of DirectX version 8. 0, DirectDraw was merged into a new package called DirectX Graphics, which is really just Direct3D with a few DirectDraw API additions.
As of the release of the June 2010 DirectX SDK package, the DirectDraw header file and library are no longer included.
DirectDraw has been deprecated since version 7 but is still included with DirectX, although updates are no longer made.
Direct3D 8. 0 also eliminated DirectDraw as a separate API.

for and hardware
Among the policy makers, generals, physicists, psychologists and others charged with controlling the actions of the button pushers and their `` hardware '', the answers to my questions varied partly according to a man's flair for what the professionals in this field call `` scenarios ''.
Our building time was slightly over 400 hours -- but the total cost for the hull with Fiberglas bottom, sink, head and hardware was under $800.
Although economic and personal circumstances vary widely among those now choosing apartments, Leo J. Pantas, vice president of a hardware manufacturing company, pointed out recently that many apartment seekers seem to have one characteristic in common: a desire for greater convenience and freedom from the problems involved in maintaining a house.
Thus, by the end of 1992, Azerbaijan received arms and military hardware sufficient for approximately four motor rifle divisions with prescribed army units.
Competing machines such as the Altair 8800 generally were programmed with front-mounted toggle switches and used indicator lights ( red LEDs, most commonly ) for output, and had to be extended with separate hardware to allow connection to a computer terminal or a teletypewriter machine.
As Apollo 16 was the penultimate mission in the Apollo program and there was no new hardware or procedures to test on the lunar surface, the last two missions ( the other being Apollo 17 ) presented opportunities for astronauts to clear up some uncertainties in understanding the Moon's properties.
In 1988 the release of the Amiga A2024 fixed-frequency monochrome monitor with built-in framebuffer and flicker fixer hardware provided the Amiga with a choice of high-resolution graphic modes ( 1024 × 800 for NTSC and 1024 × 1024 for PAL ).
Although the hardware is limited to four separate sound channels, software such as OctaMED uses software mixing to allow eight or more virtual channels, and it was possible for software to mix two hardware channels to achieve a single 14-bit resolution channel by playing with the volumes of the channels in such a way that one of the source channels contributes the most significant bits and the other the least.
The quality of the Amiga's sound output, and the fact that the hardware is ubiquitous and easily addressed by software, were standout features of Amiga hardware unavailable on PC platforms for years.
8-bit sound sampling hardware for the Amiga
Many expansion boards were produced for Amiga computers to improve the performance and capability of the hardware, such as memory expansions, SCSI controllers, CPU boards, and graphics boards.
Expansion boards were made by Richmond Sound Design that allow their show control and sound design software to communicate with their custom hardware frames either by ribbon cable or fiber optic cable for long distances, allowing the Amiga to control up to eight million digitally controlled external audio, lighting, automation, relay and voltage control channels spread around a large theme park, for example.
Although cheap and effective in enabling use of some software that only used official ROM entry points for text output, this solution proved very slow because the Electron had to be placed into an 80-byte-pitch display to be able to get anywhere near to reproducing mode 7 and the CPU spent a lot of time drawing approximations of mode 7 characters and graphics that in a hardware solution would be achieved without any CPU processing.
It also used up 20 kB of RAM for the graphics display rather than the 1 kB of a hardware mode 7.
By adding a CRTC6845 to the package, a full hardware solution was created that did not reduce CPU performance and only used 1 kB of memory for the display.
No provision existed for mixing text and graphics, except for the limited " hardware split screen " of the Apple II ( four lines of text at the bottom of the screen ).
Originally released for the IBM 6150 RISC workstation, AIX now supports or has supported a wide variety of hardware platforms, including the IBM RS / 6000 series and later IBM POWER and PowerPC-based systems, IBM System i, System / 370 mainframes, PS / 2 personal computers, and the Apple Network Server.
Major new features in AIX 6. 1 included full role-based access control, workload partitions ( which enable application mobility ), enhanced security ( Addition of AES encryption type for NFS v3 and v4 ) and Live Partition Mobility on the POWER6 hardware.
** Minimum level required for POWER4 hardware and the last release that worked on the Micro Channel architecture
However, as the basic hardware was built-in to the Mac, adding nodes cost only about $ 50 for the adaptor box.

for and accelerated
Recent events -- particularly the necessity of providing planning information for the statewide origin/destination study of the Department of Public Works -- indicate that this schedule will have to be accelerated.
The pace could now be accelerated, for the inhabitants of the Aegean stood on firm ground.
Since experience indicates that effluents from oxidation ponds do not create major problems at these BOD concentrations, the goal for the effluent quality of the accelerated treatment system was the same as from conventional oxidation ponds.
Assured of a market for their farm products the settlement of the U. S. mid-west was greatly accelerated by the Erie Canal.
Fraying amongst the members of the Warsaw Pact nations and instability of its western allies, first indicated by Lech Wałęsa's 1980 rise to leadership of the trade union Solidarity, accelerated, leaving the Soviet Union unable to depend upon its Eastern European satellite states for protection as a buffer zone.
Rando, senior vice president and general manager of Compaq Services, who had been said to be the heir-apparent to Pfieffer ; his division had performed strongly as it had sales of $ 1. 6 billion for the first quarter compared to $ 113 million in 1998, which met expectations and was anticipated to post accelerated and profitable growth going forward.
In October 2009, the Jordanians announced accelerated plans to extract around 300 million cubic meters of water per year from the Red Sea, desalinate it for use as fresh water and send the waste water to the Dead Sea by tunnel, despite concerns about inadequate time to assess the potential environmental impact.
The Federal Communications Commission also clearly favored live music, providing accelerated license approval to stations promising not to use any recordings for their first three years on the air.
In the United Kingdom, those training for the medical profession complete either a 5 – 6 year course of study or an accelerated 4-year graduate entry course of study that leads to the degree of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery ( MBBS or MBChB, standing for the Latin Medicinae Baccalaureus et Chirurgiae Baccalaureus ).
Electrons are responsible for emission of most EMR because they have low mass, and therefore are easily accelerated by a variety of mechanisms.
Rapidly moving electrons are most sharply accelerated when they encounter a region of force, so they are responsible for producing much of the highest frequency electromagnetic radiation observed in nature.
This wavelength, for example, is equal to 0. 0037 nm for electrons accelerated across a 100, 000-volt potential.
The victory also accelerated the market for real-time statistics which were largely fueled by the growth of the fantasy sports industry.
They accelerated only after May 1926, because of an increase in Polish exports by sea, economic prosperity, the outbreak of the German – Polish trade war which reverted most Polish international trade to sea routes, and also thanks to the personal engagement of Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski, Polish Minister of Industry and Trade, also responsible for construction of Centralny Okręg Przemysłowy.
The demand for labor also led to further revolts and accelerated the decimation of the native population.
He introduced a string of austerity measures ( the " Bokros Package ") on 12 March 1995 which had the following key points: one-time 9 % devaluation of the forint, introducing a constant sliding devaluation, 8 % additional customs duty on all goods except for energy sources, limitation of growth of wages in the public sector, simplified and accelerated privatization.
Many estates were sold or broken up, and this trend was accelerated by the introduction of protection for agricultural tenancies, encouraging outright sales, from the mid-20th century.
As browsers have gained support for native hardware accelerated graphics in the form of Canvas and WebGL, as well as Just in Time compiled JavaScript, the speed difference has become less noticeable.
As West European economic growth accelerated during the Industrial Revolution, sea trade and colonialism which had begun in the second half of the 18th century, Russia began to lag ever farther behind, creating new problems for the empire as a great power.
After World War II, several other forces were also leading the country toward increased equality for blacks, including their accelerated migration to the North, where their political clout grew, and President Harry Truman's desegregation of the military in 1948.
Meitnerium was first synthesized on August 29, 1982 by a German research team led by Peter Armbruster and Gottfried Münzenberg at the Institute for Heavy Ion Research ( Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung ) in Darmstadt .< ref name = 82Mu01 > The team bombarded a target of bismuth-209 with accelerated nuclei of iron-58 and detected a single atom of the isotope meitnerium-266:
In its public pronouncements, P ' yongyang has called for accelerated population growth and encouraged large families.
* WebGL: JavaScript binding to OpenGL ES 2. 0 for web applications with hardware accelerated 3D graphics

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