* 1550 – Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford ( d. 1604 )

In the middle and late 19th century, several renowned Mesoamerican scholars, starting with Charles Etienne Brasseur de Bourbourg, and including Edward Herbert Thompson and Augustus Le Plongeon proposed that Atlantis was somehow related to Mayan and Aztec culture.

* 1265 – Second Barons ' War: Battle of Evesham – the army of Prince Edward ( the future king Edward I of England ) defeats the forces of rebellious barons led by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, killing de Montfort and many of his allies.

The title of Baron Abergavenny, in the Nevill family, dates from Edward Nevill, 3rd Baron Bergavenny ( d. 1476 ), who was the youngest son of Ralph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland by his second wife Joan Beaufort, daughter of John of Gaunt, first Duke of Lancaster.

Kerguelen Islands ( France ; also an EU Overseas territory ) are situated in the Antarctic Convergence area, while the Falkland Islands, Isla de los Estados, Hornos Island with Cape Horn, Diego Ramírez Islands, Campbell Island, Macquarie Island, Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands, Crozet Islands, Prince Edward Islands, and Gough Island and Tristan da Cunha group remain north of the Convergence and thus outside the Antarctic region.

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Kevin Kiernan argues that Nowell most likely acquired it through William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, in 1563, when Nowell entered Cecil ’ s household as a tutor to his ward, Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford.

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Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford ( 12 April 155024 June 1604 ) was an English peer and courtier of the Elizabethan era.

On 1562, John de Vere had contracted with Henry Hastings, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon for Edward to marry one of Huntingdon's sisters ; when he reached the age of 18, he would choose either Elizabeth or Mary Hastings.

Portrait of Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, by Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger.

* Index entry for Edward de Vere at Poets ' Corner

* Edward de Vere Birthplace-Castle Hedingham

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* 1332 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Dupplin Moor – Scots under Domhnall II, Earl of Mar are routed by Edward Balliol.

To prevent civil war the Scottish magnates asked Edward I of England to arbitrate, for which he extracted legal recognition that the realm of Scotland was held as a feudal dependency to the throne of England before choosing John Balliol, the man with the strongest claim, who became king in 1292.

However, four years after Robert's death in 1329, England once more invaded on the pretext of restoring Edward Balliol, son of John Balliol, to the Scottish throne, thus starting the Second War of Independence.

Balliol finally resigned his claim to the throne to Edward in 1356, before retiring to Yorkshire, where he died in 1364.

* 1356 – Edward Balliol abdicates as King of Scotland.

In November of the same year he saw Edward I of England, on behalf of the Guardians of Scotland, award the vacant Crown of Scotland to his grandfather's first cousin once removed, John Balliol, after a lobbying campaign known as the ' Great Cause '.

Bruce's descendants include all later Scottish monarchs ( except Edward Balliol whom Bruce loyalists would regard as a usurper ) and all British monarchs since the Union of the Crowns in 1603.

Edward proceeded to reverse the rulings of the Scottish Lords and even summoned King John Balliol to stand before the English court as a common plaintiff.

Documents found on Wallace, and delivered to Edward by John de Segrave, included letters of safe conduct from Haakon V of Norway, Philip IV of France, and John Balliol, with other documents.

* September 24 – Edward Balliol is enthroned as King of Scotland.

* January 20 – Edward Balliol surrenders his title as King of Scotland to Edward III of England.

* December 16 – Battle of Annan: The loyalists of David II defeat Edward Balliol in Scotland.

* November 30 – Battle of Culblean: David Bruce defeats Edward Balliol in Scotland.

* John Balliol, King of Scotland, decides to refuse King Edward I of England's demands for support in a planned invasion of France, and instead informs the French of Edward's plans and negotiates the Auld Alliance with France and Norway.

* November 17 – ( Julian calendar ) John Balliol is selected by King Edward I of England as King of Scotland from among 13 candidates ; Edward then treats John as a puppet ruler and Scotland as a vassal state, eventually provoking the Wars of Scottish Independence, commencing in 1296.

Fearing civil war between the Bruce and Balliol families and supporters, the Guardians of Scotland wrote to Edward I of England, asking him to come north and arbitrate between the claimants in order to avoid civil war.

On 3 August, Edward asked Balliol and Bruce to choose 40 arbiters each, while he chose 24, to decide the case.

In 1294, Edward summoned John Balliol to appear before him, and then ordered that he had until 1 September 1294 to provide Scottish troops and funds for his invasion of France.

The treaty would be sealed by the arranged marriage of Edward Balliol ( John's son ) and Jeanne de Valois ( Philip's niece ).

Edward also ordered John Balliol to relinquish control of the castles and burghs of Berwick, Jedburgh and Roxburgh.

The war began in earnest with Edward I's sack of Berwick in March 1296, followed by the Scottish defeat at the Battle of Dunbar and the abdication of John Balliol in July.

But Edward III, despite having given his name to the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton, was determined to avenge the humiliation by the Scots and he could count on the assistance of Edward Balliol, the son of John Balliol and a claimant to the Scottish throne.