The term Ethiopic Ocean, derived from Ethiopia, was applied to the southern Atlantic as late as the mid-19th century.

Alfonso was the object of diplomatic contacts from the empire of Ethiopia.

The Kebra Nagast, composed to legitimise the new dynasty ruling Ethiopia following its establishment in 1270, narrates how the real Ark of the Covenant was brought to Ethiopia by Menelik I with divine assistance, while a forgery was left in the Temple in Jerusalem.

Antoine Thomson d ' Abbadie d ' Arrast ( January 3, 1810 – March 19, 1897 ) was an Irish-French and Basque explorer, geographer, ethnologue, linguist and astronomer notable for his travels in Ethiopia during the first half of the 19th century.

In the second year of the Peloponnesian War ( 430 BC ), Thucydides described an epidemic disease which was said to have begun in Ethiopia, passed through Egypt and Libya, then come to the Greek world.

The Battle of Adwa ( usually known as Adowa, or sometimes by the Italian name Adua ) was fought on 1 March 1896 between Ethiopia and Italy near the town of Adwa, Ethiopia, in Tigray.

The Italian language version of the disputed article 17 of the treaty stated that the Emperor of Ethiopia consented ( i. e. was required ) to Italy representing Ethiopia in its relations with all foreign sovereigns and states, which made the Ethiopian Empire a protectorate of the Kingdom of Italy.

As a result, Italy and Ethiopia faced off in what was later to be known as the First Italo-Ethiopian War.

In addition, Ethiopia had just begun to emerge from a long and brutal famine ; Harold Marcus reminds us that the army was restive over its long service in the field, short of rations, and the short rains which would bring all travel to a crawl would soon start to fall.

" The confrontation between Italy and Ethiopia at Adwa was a fundamental turning point in Ethiopian history ," writes Henze.

During the Middle Ages, most of the remainder of Europe was Christianized, with Christians also being a sometimes large religious minority in the Middle East, North Africa, Ethiopia and parts of India.

There are a few historical records claiming that this law code was translated into Ge ' ez and entered Ethiopia around 1450 in the reign of Zara Yaqob.

The Fetha Negest remained the supreme law in Ethiopia until 1931, when a modern-style Constitution was first granted by Emperor Haile Selassie I.

On the African continent, the cannon was first used by the Somali Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi of the Adal Sultanate in his conquest of Ethiopia in 1529.

The first bishop of Ethiopia, Saint Frumentius, was consecrated as Bishop of Axum by Pope Athanasius of Alexandria in 328 AD.

The Coptic Orthodox Church refused to recognize the election and enthronement of Abuna Takla Haymanot on the grounds that the Synod of the Ethiopian Church had not removed Abuna Theophilos, and that the Ethiopian government had not publicly acknowledged his death, and he was thus still legitimate Patriarch of Ethiopia.

After the death of Abuna Takla Haymanot in 1988, Abune Merkorios who had close ties to the Derg ( Communist ) government was elected Patriarch of Ethiopia.

The newly elected Patriarch, Abune Paulos was officially recognized by the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria in 1992 as the legitimate Patriarch of Ethiopia.

Around the 12th century AD, the Sultanate of Ifat was established in Djibouti and northern Somalia, eastern Ethiopia with its capital at Zeila in northern Somalia.

The territory's border with Ethiopia, marked out in 1897 by France and Emperor Menelik II of Ethiopia, was later reaffirmed by agreements with Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia in 1945 and 1954.

Ogaden in eastern Ethiopia has seen a movement seeking to make it part of Somalia.

Ethiopia has been pioneering a program that has now become part of the World Bank's prescribed recipe for coping with a food crisis and had been seen by aid organizations as a model of how to best help hungry nations.

A central reason as to why the famine ( one of the largest seen in the country ) is thought to have occurred is that Ethiopia ( and the surrounding Horn ) was still recovering from the droughts which occurred in the mid-late 1970s.

Also, external affairs minister Joe Clark was the first foreign affairs minister to land in previously isolated Ethiopia to lead the Western response to the 1984 – 1985 famine in Ethiopia ; Clark landed in Addis Ababa so quickly he had not even seen the initial CBC report that had created the initial and strong public reaction.

Louis ' defeat of Carnera, who symbolized Benito Mussolini's regime in the popular eye, was seen as a victory for the international community, particularly among African Americans, who were sympathetic to Ethiopia, which was undergoing a territorial dispute with Italy.

The first European to have seen the Blue Nile in Ethiopia and the river's source was Pedro Paez, a Spanish Jesuit who reached the river's source 21 April 1613.

Nevertheless the Portuguese João Bermudes, the self-described Patriarch of Ethiopia, provided the first description of the Tis Issat Falls in his memoirs ( published in 1565 ), and a number of Europeans who lived in Ethiopia in the late 15th century like Pêro da Covilhã could have seen the river long before Paez, but not reached its places of source.

Shamir, a former commander of the Lehi underground, was widely seen as a hard-liner with an ideological commitment both to the settlements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, the growth of which he encouraged, and to the idea of aliyah, facilitating the mass immigration of Jews to Israel from Ethiopia and the former Soviet Union.

His main national charity is WaterAid and he has seen first hand their work in Ethiopia.

In the past four years, Ethiopia has been pioneering a program that has now become part of the World Bank's prescribed recipe for coping with a food crisis and, as a result, it had been seen by aid organizations as a model of how to best help hungry nations.

* Second Italo-Abyssinian War ( also known as " Rape of Ethiopia " and " Italo-Ethiopian War "), a war of seven months in 1935-1936, often seen as one precursor to World War II

The disease has been seen to occur after famines in Europe ( France, Spain, Germany ), North Africa, South Asia, and is still prevalent in Eritrea, Ethiopia and Afghanistan ( pan handle ) when Lathyrus seed is the exclusive or main source of nutrients for extended periods.

According to legend, human cultivation of coffee began after goats in Ethiopia were seen mounting each other after eating the leaves and fruits of the coffee tree.

He failed to lead the team to the 2008 African Nations Cup, despite being drawn in what was seen as an easy group along with DR Congo, Namibia and Ethiopia ; away defeats in Addis Ababa and Windhoek prevented qualification.

Later African philosophy looks more familiar to those who have studied the conventional history of Western philosophy: the literate traditions of Ethiopia, for example, which can be seen in the context of a long ( if modest ) tradition of philosophical writing in the horn of Africa.

While Gambela is subdivided into administrative zones and woredas as other Regions in Ethiopia are, this region has seen the most changes in these subdivisions of any region, to the point they can confuse anyone tracing their development.

However, recent years have also seen an influx of Christian immigrants to Israel from Ethiopia and Eastern Europe, with 290, 000 or up to 41 % of immigrants arriving from the former Soviet Union being non-Jewish ( ibid ).

Gambela was founded because of its location on the Baro, a tributary of the Nile, which was seen by both the British and Ethiopia as an excellent highway for exporting coffee and other goods from the fertile Ethiopian Highlands to Sudan and Egypt.

The third edition of Lonely Planet guide to Ethiopia notes that " war relics " could still be seen near Shire.

Father António Fernandes was the first European recorded to have seen the Hanger, crossing the river in 1613 as he sought a way south from Ethiopia to Malindi.

Other widely spoken Afroasiatic languages are Amharic, the national language of Ethiopia, with 18 million native speakers ; Somali, spoken by around 19 million people in Greater Somalia ; and Hausa, the dominant language of northern Nigeria and southern Niger, spoken by 18. 5 million people and used as a lingua franca in large parts of the Sahel, with some 25 million speakers in total.

In 1992 – 1993 a research team headed by Tim White discovered the first A. ramidus fossils — seventeen fragments including skull, mandible, teeth and arm bones — from the Afar Depression in the Middle Awash river valley of Ethiopia.

In 1428, he received a letter from Yeshaq I of Ethiopia, borne by two dignitaries, which proposed an alliance against the Muslims and would be sealed by a dual marriage that would require the Infante Peter to bring a group of artisans to Ethiopia where he would marry Yeshaq's daughter.

* A song by the Patti Smith Group on Radio Ethiopia

* 2005 – The final piece of the Obelisk of Axum is returned to Ethiopia after being stolen by the invading Italian army in 1937.

Some question whether the translation " You, also, O Ethiopians / Shall be killed by my sword " is a good translation, given the fact that Ethiopia is a long way away from Jerusalem.

* Ethiopian Tabots-claimed by Ethiopia

Italy sought to improve its position in Africa by conquering Ethiopia, which would join its two territories.

Following the war, Italy occupied Ethiopia for five years ( 1936 – 41 ), before eventually being driven out during World War II by British Empire and Ethiopian patriot forces.

* A. K. Bulatovich, Ethiopia Through Russian Eyes: Country in Transition, 1896 – 1898, translated by Richard Seltzer, 2000

This miaphysite position, historically characterised by Chalcedonian followers as " monophysitism " though this is denied by the dissenters, formed the basis for the distinction from other churches of the Coptic Church of Egypt and Ethiopia and the " Jacobite " churches of Syria and Armenia ( see Oriental Orthodoxy ).

The most populous Cushitic language is Oromo with about 35 million speakers, followed by Somali with about 18 million speakers, and Sidamo in Ethiopia with about 2 million speakers.

Both the Patriarchate of Addis Ababa and all Ethiopia, and the Patriarchate of Asmara and all Eritrea do acknowledge the supremacy of honor and dignity of the Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria on the basis that both Patriarchates were established by the Throne of Alexandria and that they have their roots in the Apostolic Church of Alexandria, and acknowledge that Saint Mark the Apostle is the founder of their Churches through the heritage and Apostolic evangelization of the Fathers of Alexandria.