*" Frá Fornjóti ok hans ættmönnum " in the Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda, Old Norse text of Hversu Noregr byggdisk ( including the Ættartolur ) and Fundinn Noregr at Snerpa: Netúgáfan: Fornrit and University of Oregon: Norse: Fornaldarsögur norðurlanda.

* Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda and Völsunga saga in Old Norse from « Kulturformidlingen norrøne tekster og kvad » Norway.

* Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda in Old Norse and modern Norwegian from heimskringla. no

* " Frá Fornjóti ok hans ættmönnum " in the Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda, Old Norse text of Hversu Noregr byggdisk ( including the Ættartolur ) and Fundinn Noregr at Snerpa: Netúgáfan: Fornrit and University of Oregon: Norse: Fornaldarsögur norðurlanda.

But Cára was instead misread and transcribed as Lára in Jónsson and Vilhjálmsson's Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda and so appears in most later discussion.

* Ásmundar saga kappabana and index to Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda in Old Norse from Kulturformidlingen norrøne tekster og kvad, Norway.

** University of Oregon: Norse: Fornaldarsögur norðurlanda: Gautreks saga

** University of Oregon: Norse: Fornaldarsögur norðurlanda: Bósa saga ok Herrauðs

These rímur were the basis for the not very appreciated Hrómunds saga which is found in the MS of the Arnamagnæan Codex, nr 587, 4 °, and which is preserved in the Fornaldarsögur.

* A presentation of the Fornaldarsögur in Old Norse with all available English translations online.

* Fornaldarsögur norðurlanda: A bibliography of manuscripts, editions, translations and secondary literature compiled by M. J. Driscoll & Silvia Hufnagel, Arnamagnæan Institute, Copenhagen

Review of Rory McTurk, Studies in " Ragnars saga loðbrókar " and Its Major Scandinavian Analogues, Alvíssmál 2: 118 – 19.

In this manuscript, the saga leads straight in to Ragnars saga loðbrókar.

Some of the sagas are based on distant historic characters, and this is evident in cases where there are corroborating sources, such as Ragnars saga loðbrókar, Yngvars saga víðförla and Völsunga saga.

* Ragnars saga loðbrókar ( two versions )-We know that the hero of this legend has existed in real life and he conquered Paris and may be the most famous of the Vikings.

This tale of Ragnar and the serpent also appears in Ragnars saga lodbrókar and Þáttr af Ragnars sonum, though in the former Herraud appears as Jarl Herrud ( Herruðr ) of Gautland and in the latter as Herraud, Jarl of West Götaland.

Faulkner traces, in his vast and overpowering saga of Yoknapatawpha County, the gradual changes which seep into the South, building layer upon layer of minute, subtle innovation which eventually tend largely to hide the Old Way.

Memory of the Hunnic conquest was transmitted orally among Germanic peoples and is an important component in the Old Norse Völsunga saga and Hervarar saga and in the Middle High German Nibelungenlied.

Scholarly theories have been proposed about Hel's potential connections to figures appearing in the 11th century Old English Gospel of Nicodemus and Old Norse Bartholomeus saga postola, potential Indo-European parallels to Bhavani, Kali, and Mahakali, and her origins.

The Old Norse Bartholomeus saga postola, an account of the life of Saint Bartholomew dating from the 13th century, mentions a " Queen Hel.

Michael Bell says that while Hel " might at first appear to be identical with the well-known pagan goddess of the Norse underworld " as described in chapter 34 of Gylfaginning, " in the combined light of the Old English and Old Norse versions of Nicodemus she casts quite a different a shadow ," and that in Bartholomeus saga postola " she is clearly the queen of the Christian, not pagan, underworld.

In addition, Simek points to an Old Norse parallel in the figure of Örvar-Oddr, " who is rejuvenated after living as a tree-man ( Ǫrvar-Odds saga 24 – 27 )".

Estrid ( Old Norse: Æstriðr, Ástríðr ) was a rich and powerful 11th century Swedish woman whose long family saga has been recorded on five or six runestones in Uppland, Sweden.

The period of common Old Norse literature continued up through the 13th century with Norwegian contributions such as Thidreks saga and Konungs skuggsjá but by the 14th century saga writing was no longer cultivated in Norway and Icelandic literature became increasingly isolated.

The earliest saga Historia Norwegiæ describes her as the daughter of Gorm inn Gamli (‘ the Old ’), king of Denmark ( and hence a sister of Harald Bluetooth ).

Old Norse parallels of the legend survive in the Völsunga saga, the Prose Edda, the Poetic Edda, the Legend of Norna-Gest, and the Þiðrekssaga.

Five riddles found in the poem Heiðreks gátur contained in the legendary saga Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks employ the phrase " Delling's doors " ( Old Norse Dellings durum ) once each.

In addition, Simek points to an Old Norse parallel in the figure of Örvar-Oddr, " who is rejuvenated after living as a tree-man ( Ǫrvar-Odds saga 24 – 27 ).

Its mission is to preserve everything related to the " mythic aspects " of the American " Old West " from true historical lifestyles to the 70-year saga of the Hollywood Western movie genre.

An Old Norse version of the Song of Roland exists as Karlamagnús saga, and a translation into the artificial literary language of Franco-Venetian is also known ; such translations contributed to the awareness of the story in Italy.

Midir is one of the leading characters in the Old Irish saga Tochmarc Étaíne (" The Wooing of Étaín "), which makes leaps through time from the age of the Túatha Dé Danann to the time of Eochaid Airem, High King of Ireland.

Heyerdahl tried to seek the origins of the Æsir, following the route set out by Snorri Sturluson in the Ynglinga saga, from the Black Sea and the river Tanais ( referred to by Snorri Sturluson by the names Tanaís and Tanakvísl ) via Saxon homelands in northern Germany, Odense on Fyn, Denmark to Old Sigtuna, ancient Sweden.

He plays an important role in the Old Irish saga Tochmarc Étaíne (" The Wooing of Étaín "), which tells of the lives of the beautiful Étaín, the lover of Midir of the Tuatha Dé Danann, who was turned into a fly by Midir's jealous wife, which had been swallowed by the wife of Étar, an Ulster warrior.

Gylfaginning in the Prose Edda and the Ynglinga saga tell how the supposedly historic Odin and his people the Æsir and Vanir, who later became the Swedes, obtained new land where they built the settlement of Old Sigtuna.

The haugbui was rarely found far from its burial place and is a type of undead commonly found in Norse saga material.

In the Völsunga saga, Attila ( Atli in Norse ) defeats the Frankish king Sigebert I ( Sigurðr or Siegfried ) and the Burgundian King Guntram ( Gunnar or Gunther ), but is later assassinated by Queen Fredegund ( Gudrun or Kriemhild ), the sister of the latter and wife of the former.

As seen in the saga of Hrafnkell Freysgoði, however, being a priest consisted merely of offering periodic sacrifices to the Norse gods and goddesses ; it was not a full-time role, nor did it involve ordination.

Neither mentioned grapes, and the Malmesbury work specifically states that little grows there but grass and trees, which reflects the saga descriptions of the area round the main Norse expedition base.

Although it is generally agreed, based on the saga descriptions, that Helluland includes Baffin Island, and Markland represents at least the southern part of the modern Labrador, there has been considerable controversy over the location of the actual Norse landings and settlement.

There are two written sources on the origin of the name, in The Book of Icelanders ( Íslendingabók ), a historical work dealing with early Icelandic history from the 12th century, and in the medieval Icelandic saga, The Saga of Eric the Red ( Eiríks saga rauða ), which is about the Norse settlement in Greenland and the story of Erik the Red in particular.

* Tyrfing, a cursed sword in the Norse Hervarar saga.

Named after English explorer William Baffin, it is likely that the island was known to Pre-Columbian Norse of Greenland and Iceland and may be the location of Helluland, spoken of in the Icelandic sagas ( the Saga of Erik the Red ( Eiríks saga rauða ) and the Grœnlendinga saga ).

* Mæra was a land in the Norse saga of Egill Skallagrímsson.

Erik Thorvaldsson (; 950 – c. 1003 ), known as Erik the Red (), is remembered in medieval and Icelandic saga sources as having founded the first Norse settlement in Greenland.