They were popular throughout Europe during the Middle Ages, for example with the poet and composer Guillaume de Machaut.

Others who were either killed or captured at the actual Battle were as follows: King Jean II ; Prince Philip ( youngest son and progenitor of the House of Valois-Burgundy ), Geoffroi de Charny, carrier of the Oriflamme, Peter I, Duke of Bourbon, Walter VI, Count of Brienne and Constable of France, Jean de Clermont, Marshal of France, Arnoul d ' Audrehem, the Count of Eu, the Count of Marche and Ponthieu Jacques de Bourbon taken prisoner at the Battle and died 1361, the Count of Étampes, the Count of Tancarville, the Count of Dammartin, the Count of Joinville, Guillaume de Melun, Archbishop of Sens.

* Guillaume de Melun, Archbishop of Sens, captured

These reformed French Breviaries — e. g. the Paris Breviary of 1680 by Archbishop François de Harlay ( 1625 – 1695 ) and that of 1736 by Archbishop Charles Gaspard Guillaume de Vintimille ( 1655 – 1746 )— show a deep knowledge of Holy Scripture, and much careful adaptation of different texts.

Guillaume Dubois and André-Hercule de Fleury complete the list of the " four great " cardinals to have ruled France.

Often, the criteria had moral bases, such as in the case of Pierre de La Primaudaye's L ' Académie française and Guillaume Telin's Bref sommaire des sept vertus & c .. Encyclopaedists encountered several problems with this approach, including how to decide what to omit as unnecessary, how to structure knowledge that resisted structure ( often simply as a consequence of the sheer amount of material that deserved inclusion ), and how to cope with the influx of newly discovered knowledge and the effects that it had on prior structures.

Contemporaneously to English Gothic, parallel Romantic literary movements developed in continental Europe: the roman noir (" black novel ") in France, by such writers as François Guillaume Ducray-Duminil, Gaston Leroux, Baculard d ' Arnaud, and Stéphanie Félicité Ducrest de St-Albin, Madame de Genlis and the Schauerroman (" shudder novel ") in Germany by such writers as Friedrich Schiller, author of The Ghost-Seer ( 1789 ) and Christian Heinrich Spiess, author of Das Petermännchen ( 1791 / 92 ).

In 1553, Calvin's front man, Guillaume de Trie, sent letters trying to address the French Inquisition to Servetus.

Henry, Amalric, Otton, and Jean escaped, as did a young Templar named Roger de Flor, but most of the other defenders did not, including the master of the Templars Guillaume de Beaujeu.

Guillaume de l ' Hôpital, after whom this rule is named

The rule is named after the 17th-century French mathematician Guillaume de l ' Hôpital, who published the rule in his book Analyse des Infiniment Petits pour l ' Intelligence des Lignes Courbes ( literal translation: Analysis of the Infinitely Small for the Understanding of Curved Lines ) ( 1696 ), the first textbook on differential calculus.

His work was published posthumously by his pupil, Guillaume de Morlaye ( born c. 1510 ), who, however, did not pick up the complex polyphony of de Rippe.

Philippe de Vitry was one of the earliest composers to use this technique, and his work evidently had an influence on that of Guillaume de Machaut, one of the most famous named composers of late medieval motets.

* Guillaume de Machaut

Lower Ontario in 1718, Guillaume de L ' Isle map, approximate province area highlighted.

Nevertheless, on 7 June 1304, Benedict excommunicated Philip IV's implacable minister Guillaume de Nogaret and all the Italians who had played a part in the seizure of Boniface VIII at Anagni.

In response, Guillaume de Nogaret, Philip's chief minister, denounced Boniface as a heretical criminal to the French clergy.

Guillaume de Machaut ( at right ) receiving Nature and three of her children, from an illuminated Parisian manuscript of the 1350s

* Guillaume de Machaut

* April – Guillaume de Machaut, French poet and composer

* Guillaume de Machaut ( 1300 – 1377 ), composer and poet ( Machaut was most likely born in Reims or nearby, and spent most of his adult life there )

Masses are composed of movements: Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei ; for example, the Missa Solemnis by Beethoven and the Messe de Nostre Dame by Guillaume de Machaut.

These analyses include an early Gregorian melody, and compositions by Guillaume de Machaut, J. S. Bach, Richard Wagner, Igor Stravinsky, Arnold Schoenberg, and finally, a composition of his own.

Most pieces in these forms are for one to three voices, likely with instrumental accompaniment: famous composers include Guillaume de Machaut and Francesco Landini.

Guillaume de Machaut ( sometimes spelled Machault ) ( c. 1300 – April 1377 ) was a Medieval French poet and composer.

Guillaume de Machaut was born c. 1300 and educated in the region around Rheims.

Guillaume de Machaut's lyric output comprises around 400 poems, including 235 ballades, 76 rondeaux, 39 virelais, 24 lais, 10 complaintes, and 7 chansons royales, and Machaut did much to perfect and codify these fixed forms.

* 2003-Unrequited: Music of Guillaume de Machaut.

Contains recordings of " Riches d ' amour et mendians d ' amie " and " Quant je suis mis au retour " by Guillaume de Machaut.

Contains a recording of Se vous n ' estes by Guillaume de Machaut.

* List of compositions by Guillaume de Machaut

" Guillaume de Machaut " in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed.

Guillaume de Machaut: A Guide to Research ( New York: Garland Publishing, 1995 ).

Guillaume de Machaut: Secretary, Poet, Musician ( Cornell University Press, 2011 ).

* Guillaume de Machaut FAQ and discography

ca: Guillaume de Machaut

cs: Guillaume de Machaut

In spite of the armistice negotiated by Amadee two years earlier, the war between Bishop Guillaume of Lausanne and Louis of Savoy was still going on, and although little is known about it, that little proves that it was yet another phase of the struggle against French expansion and was closely interwoven with the larger conflict.

* 1851 – Guillaume Bigourdan, French astronomer ( d. 1932 )

* 1713 – Guillaume Thomas François Raynal, French writer ( d. 1796 )

* 1621 – Guillaume du Vair, French writer ( b. 1556 )

The question whether there is a limit to the degree of cold possible, and, if so, where the zero must be placed, was first addressed by the French physicist Guillaume Amontons in 1702, in connection with his improvements in the air thermometer.

* 1723 – Guillaume Dubois, French cardinal and statesman ( b. 1656 )

* 1971 – Guillaume Depardieu, French actor ( d. 2008 )

As the sun rose at 04: 00 on 2 August, firing broke out once again between the French southern division of Guillaume Tell, Tonnant, Généreux and Timoléon and the battered Alexander and Majestic.

The remaining French vessels: the ships of the line Guillaume Tell and Généreux and the frigates Justice and Diane, formed up and stood out to sea, pursued by Zealous.

This is accentuated by the weight of broadside of several of the French ships: Spartiate, Franklin, Orient, Tonnant and Guillaume Tell were each significantly larger than any individual British ship in the battle.

The French avant-garde kept abreast of Dada activities in Zurich with regular communications from Tristan Tzara ( whose pseudonym means " sad in country ," a name chosen to protest the treatment of Jews in his native Romania ), who exchanged letters, poems, and magazines with Guillaume Apollinaire, André Breton, Max Jacob, Clément Pansaers, and other French writers, critics and artists.

The most well known French chef of the Middle Ages was Guillaume Tirel, also known as Taillevent.

* 1861 – Charles Edouard Guillaume, French physicist, Nobel laureate ( d. 1938 )

* 1675 – Guillaume Delisle, French cartographer ( d. 1726 )

In 1573, he joined Guillaume Le Testu, a French buccaneer, in an attack on a richly laden mule train.

* 1766 – Guillaume Philibert Duhesme, French general ( d. 1815 )

In 1554, the French naturalist Guillaume Rondelet, had carefully analyzed the anatomical aspects of the biblical story of Jonah and the fish.

French cartographer Guillaume Delisle used the descriptions to make the first reasonably accurate map of the area.

In the following decade, French neurologist Guillaume Duchenne gave a comprehensive account of thirteen boys with the most common and severe form of the disease, which now carries his name — Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Abandoned by the Dutch, the island became a French colony when, in September 1715, Guillaume Dufresne d ' Arsel landed and took possession of this port of call on the route to India.