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Hamilcar and Barca
The Carthaginian general Hamilcar Barca established the fortified settlement of Akra Leuka ( Greek:, meaning " White Mountain " or " White Point "), where Alicante stands today.
Some sources say that the city may have been named after the Carthaginian general Hamilcar Barca, who was supposed to have founded the city in the 3rd century BC.
The second legend attributes the foundation of the city directly to the historical Carthaginian Hamilcar Barca, father of Hannibal, who named the city Barcino after his family in the 3rd century BC.
At this point ( 247 BC ), Carthage sent general Hamilcar Barca ( Hannibal's father ) to Sicily.
Without naval support, Hamilcar Barca was cut off from Carthage and forced to negotiate peace and agree to evacuate Sicily.
It should be noted that Hamilcar Barca had a subordinate named Gesco conduct the negotiations with Lutatius, in order to create the impression that he had not really been defeated.
After a hard struggle from the combined efforts of Hamilcar Barca, Hanno the Great and others, the Punic forces were finally able to annihilate the mercenaries and the insurgents.
Carthage, seeking to make up for the recent territorial losses and a plentiful source of silver to pay the large indemnity owed to Rome, turned its attention to Iberia, and in 237 BC the Carthaginians, led by Hamilcar Barca, began a series of campaigns to expand their control over the peninsula.
* Hamilcar Barca, Carthaginian leading general
In the same year Hamilcar Barca accomplishes successful raids in Sicily and yet another storm destroys the remainder of the Roman ships.
Hannibal, son of Hamilcar Barca ( 247 – 183 / 182 BC ) was a Punic Carthaginian military commander, generally considered one of the greatest military commanders in history.
His father, Hamilcar Barca, was the leading Carthaginian commander during the First Punic War, his younger brothers were Mago and Hasdrubal, and he was brother-in-law to Hasdrubal the Fair.
Hannibal was one of the sons of Hamilcar Barca, a Carthaginian leader.
However, there is debate as to whether the cognomen Barca ( meaning " thunderbolt ") was applied to Hamilcar alone or was hereditary within his family.
In 219 BC Hannibal, the son of Hamilcar Barca, attacked Saguntum in Hispania, a city allied to Rome, starting the second Punic War.
A first issue for dispute was that the initial treaty, agreed upon by Hamilcar Barca and the Roman commander in Sicily, had a clause stipulating that the Roman popular assembly had to accept the treaty in order for it to be valid.
After Carthage emerged victorious from the Mercenary War there were two opposing factions: the reformist party was led by Hamilcar Barca while the other, more conservative, faction was represented by Hanno the Great and the old Carthaginian aristocracy.
The Iberian conquest was begun by Hamilcar Barca and his other son-in-law, Hasdrubal the Fair, who ruled relatively independently of Carthage and signed the Ebro treaty with Rome.
Hasdrubal Gisco is the son of the Gesco who had served together with Hamilcar Barca, Hannibal's father, in Sicily during the First Punic War and son-in-law of Hanno the Elder who was one of Hannibal's lieutenants in Italy.
** Hamilcar Barca, Carthaginian general who has assumed command of the Carthaginian forces in Sicily during the last years of the First Punic War with Rome, helped Carthage win the Mercenary War and brought extensive territory in the Iberian Peninsula under Carthaginian control ( b. c. 270 BC )
** Hasdrubal, Carthaginian general and son-in-law of Hamilcar Barca ( assassinated )
* The Carthaginians under Hamilcar Barca are forced to accept severe peace terms and agree to evacuate Sicily.
Hasdrubal, the second son of Hamilcar Barca, is left in command of Spain when his brother Hannibal begins his campaign.
* Hannibal, son of Hamilcar Barca.
* Mago, son of Hamilcar Barca and brother of Hannibal.

Hamilcar and army
Carthage at the time was in such a poor state that its navy was unable to transport his army to Iberia ( Hispania ); instead, Hamilcar had to march it towards the Pillars of Hercules and transport it across the Strait of Gibraltar ( present-day Morocco / Spain ).
Hamilcar ultimately left Carthage for the Iberian peninsula where he captured rich silver mines and subdued many tribes who fortified his army with levies of native troops.
The causes leading the Selinuntines to abandon the cause of the other Greeks, and take part with the Carthaginians during the great expedition of Hamilcar ( 480 BCE ) are unknown ; they had even promised to send a contingent to the Carthaginian army, which, however did not arrive till after its defeat
The Carthaginians in the following spring ( 409 BCE ) sent over a vast army amounting, according to the lowest estimate, to 100, 000 men, with which Hannibal Mago ( the grandson of Hamilcar that was killed at Himera ) landed at Lilybaeum, and from thence marched direct to Selinunte.
Under the Carthaginian military leader, Hamilcar, Carthage sends across a large army.
Following the assassination of Hasdrubal, Hannibal, the son of the Carthaginian general, Hamilcar Barca, is proclaimed commander-in-chief by the army and his appointment is confirmed by the Carthaginian government.
* Nevertheless, Hamilcar Barca leads a Carthaginian army in an invasion of the Iberian Peninsula with the aim of building a base from which war with Rome can be renewed.
* Hamilcar Barca strikes at the supply lines of the mercenary army besieging Carthage, forcing them to cease the siege of the city.
* The mercenary army, under the leadership of Spendius, attempts to fight its way out of the siege but is totally defeated by the Carthaginian forces led by Hamilcar Barca.
* Hamilcar and another Carthaginian general, Hannibal, besiege Mathos ' mercenary army at Tunis and crucify the captured mercenary leaders in sight of the mercenary battlements.
Hamilcar pardons his captured prisoners, accepting into his army anyone who will fight for Carthage, and exiling anyone who will not.
* Aircraft for army co-operation and liaison and gliders were given names associated with mythological or legendary leaders ; e. g. Westland Lysander, Airspeed Horsa, General Aircraft Hamilcar, Slingsby Hengist.
* The Carthaginian general Hamilcar crosses the Mediterranean with an army and wins Battle of Himera against the tyrant of Syracuse, Agathocles ' forces.
Carthage at this time was feeling the strain of the prolonged conflict ( In addition to maintaining a fleet and soldiers in Sicily they were also fighting the Libyans and Numidians in Africa ), and as a result Hamilcar was given a fairly small army and the Carthaginian fleet was gradually withdrawn so that by 242 BC Carthage had no ships to speak of in Sicily.
With a small force and no money to hire new troops, Hamilcar ’ s strategic goal probably was to maintain a stalemate, as he had not the recourses to win the war and nor the authority to peacefully settle it Hamilcar was in command of a mercenary army composed of multiple nationalities and his ability to successfully lead this force demonstrates his skill as field commander.
The difference is that Fabius commanded a numerically superior army than his opponent and had no supply problems, and had room to maneuver, while Hamilcar was mostly static and had a far smaller army than the Romans and was dependent on seaborne supplies from Carthage.
With a reduced army and fleet, Hamilcar commenced his operations.
In 244 BC Hamilcar transferred his army at night by sea to a similar position on the slopes of Mt.
Hamilcar sized the town of Eryx, captured by the Romans in 249 BC after destroying the Roman garrison, and positioned his army between the Roman forces stationed at the summit and their camp at the base of the mountain.
Hamilcar had to promise considerable rewards to keep the morale of his army up, which was to near fatal problems for Carthage later on.
Hamilcar Barca refused the demand to surrender Roman deserters or disarm Carthaginian soldiers despite being threatened by Lutatius to have the Punic army pass under the yoke.
Hanno the Great initially commanded the Punic army, but after his defeat at Utica Hamilcar Barca was called out of retirement.

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