* Death of Herod Agrippa I 44 ( 12: 20 – 25 )

Coin of Herod of Chalcis, showing him with his brother Herod Agrippa I | Agrippa of Judaea crowning Claudius.

Some historians, particularly Josephus, claim that Claudius was directed in his actions by the Judaean King Herod Agrippa.

Aiding him in his actions was his good friend, Herod Agrippa, who became governor of the territories of Batanaea and Trachonitis after Caligula became emperor in AD 37.

In AD 39, Agrippa accused Herod Antipas, the tetrarch of Galilee and Perea, of planning a rebellion against Roman rule with the help of Parthia.

The Bible describes Jesus ' tomb as being outside the city wall, as was normal for burials across the ancient world, which were regarded as unclean, but the Church of the Holy Sepulchre is in the heart of Hadrian's city, well within the Old City walls, which were built by Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent in 1538 Some have claimed that the city had been much narrower in Jesus ' time, with the site then having been outside the walls ; since Herod Agrippa ( 41 – 44 ) is recorded by history as extending the city to the north ( beyond the present northern walls ), the required repositioning of the western wall is traditionally attributed to him as well.

He refers to the Sadducees, Jewish High Priests of the time, Pharisees and Essenes, the Herodian Temple, Quirinius ' census and the Zealots, and to such figures as Pontius Pilate, Herod the Great, Agrippa I and Agrippa II, John the Baptist, James the brother of Jesus, and a centuries-long disputed reference to Jesus ( for more see Josephus on Jesus ).

Apparently John in common with the other Apostles remained some twelve years in this first field of labour, until the persecution of Herod Agrippa I led to the scattering of the Apostles through the various provinces of the Roman Empire ( cf.

* 44: Death of Herod Agrippa.

* Agrippa I, king of Judaea, successfully accuses Herod Antipas, tetrarch of Galilee and Perea, of conspiracy against Caligula.

* Herod Agrippa II rules the northeast of Judea.

According to tradition, John and the other Apostles remained some 12 years in this first field of labor, until the persecution of Herod Agrippa I led to the scattering of the Apostles through the various provinces of the Roman Empire.

2. 9. 1-4 ), Herod Agrippa I in his first year of reign over the whole Judea ( AD 41 ) killed James, son of Zebedee and arrested Peter, planning to kill him after the Passover.

* Herod Agrippa I ( c. 10 BC – AD 44 ), client king of Judaea, called " King Herod " or " Herod " in Acts 12 of the New Testament

* Herod Agrippa II ( AD 27 – 100 ), tetrarch of Chalcis who was described in Acts of the Apostles as " King Agrippa " before whom Paul of Tarsus defended himself

Immediately after the death of Tiberius ( 37 AD ), Caligula made over to Herod Agrippa, at that time a prisoner in Rome, the tetrarchy of Philip and the tetrarchy of Lysanias, while Claudius, upon his accession ( 41 ), not only confirmed the liberality of his predecessor towards Herod Agrippa, but added all that portion of Judaea and Samaria which had belonged to the kingdom of his grandfather Herod the Great, together ( says Josephus ) with Abila, which had appertained to Lysanias, and the adjoining region of Libanus.

Egypt is identified in the Bible as the place of refuge that the Holy Family sought in its flight from Judea: " When he arose, he took the young Child and His mother by night and departed for Egypt, and was there until the death of Herod the Great, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying, Out of Egypt I called My Son " ( Matthew 2: 12 – 23 ).

The context of this reference is the 36 AD defeat of Herod Antipas in his conflict with Aretas IV of Nabatea, which the Jews of the time attributed to misfortune brought about by Herod's unjust execution of John.

The 36 AD date of the conflict with Aretas IV mentioned by Josephus is, however, consistent ( and shortly after ) the approximate date of the marriage of Herod Antipas and Herodias estimated by other historical methods.

The marriage of Herod Antipas and Herodias is mentioned both in Josephus and in the gospels, and scholars consider Josephus as a key connection in establishing the approximate chronology of specific episodes related to John the Baptist.

Louis Feldman has stated that there is " no necessary contradiction between Josephus and the gospels as to the reason why John was put to death " in that the Christians chose to emphasize the moral charges while Josephus emphasized the political fears that John stirred in Herod.

Justin Meggitt states that there are fundamental similarities between the Josephus ' portrayal of John the Baptist and the New Testament narrative in that in both accounts John is positioned as a preacher of morality, not as someone who had challenged the political authority of Herod Antipas.

In his play En Idealist, for example, the " hero " is King Herod whose fight to maintain power is the motive behind all of his acts until he is at last defeated by a show of kindness to the Christ child in a weak moment.

" For instance, Jesus ' escape from the slaughter by Herod in Bethlehem is compared to Moses ' escape from Pharaoh's designs to kill Hebrew infants.

The tetrarchy of Judaea, established after the death of Herod the Great, is the most famous example of the antique tetrarchy.

Vespasian is remembered by Josephus, in his Antiquities of the Jews, as a fair and humane official, in contrast with the notorious Herod the Great whom Josephus goes to great lengths to demonize.

* Herod Archelaus, ethnarch of Samaria, Judea, and Idumea, is deposed and banished to Vienne in Gaul.

Emperor Tiberius orders his governor of Syria, Vitellius, to capture or kill Aretas, but he is reluctant to support Herod and abandons his campaign upon Tiberius ' death in 37.

Here Cambyses is made the legitimate son of Cyrus and a daughter of Apries named Nitetis ( Herod.

* After the death of Herod the Great, there is unrest in his kingdom.

Herod is a name used of several kings belonging to the Herodian Dynasty of the Roman province of Judaea:

Herod the Great becomes king of Judea and Ananelus is installed as High Priest, both positions seized from Antigonus II Mattathias after a five-month siege.

The historicity of the episode is disputed: it is " an open question that probably can never be definitively decided ", however according to Paul Maier " most recent biographers of Herod ... deny it entirely ".

The King, Herod the Great, directs them to Bethlehem, and asks them to let him know who this king is when they find him.

Stay there until I tell you, for Herod is going to search for the child to kill him.

* Herod Antipas suffers major losses in a war with Aretas IV of Nabatea, provoked partly by Antipas ' divorce of Aretas ' daughter.

A major focus of the surviving fragment of the Gospel of Peter is the passion narrative, which is notable for ascribing responsibility for the crucifixion of Jesus to Herod Antipas rather than to Pontius Pilate.

Irozii ( singular Irod ) were Romanian Orthodox minstrel shows, played in the Christmas season, centered on the figure of Herod the Great () and the Massacre of the Innocents.

However, in later times, the Romanian Orthodox Christmas tradition of Irozii — minstrel shows centered around the figure of Herod the Great ( Rom: Irod ), which were the origin of Romanian-language theater — definitely influenced Purim plays and vice versa.

* In Robert Graves's novel King Jesus, Pilate is an unscrupulous opportunist who tries to prevent Jesus ' death by convincing Jesus to become the King of the Jews ( in reality a puppet monarch of Rome ) because, in the novel, Jesus is the son of Mary, who is of a royal Jewish line and the daughter of the last Hasmonean and Antipater, the son of Herod the Great.

* Grandson of Herod ( 2012 ) by Joseph Raymond, novel of historical fiction utilizing the Robert Graves premise that Jesus was the Grandson of Herod the Great.