The film was based on the fourth novel in a pentalogy, known in China as the Crane Iron Pentalogy, by wuxia novelist Wang Dulu.

* China: Qiu Bo, Fu Mingxia, Gao Min, Guo Jingjing, Hu Jia, Lao Lishi, Li Na, Li Ting, Wu Minxia, Peng Bo, Sang Xue, Tian Liang, Xiao Hailiang, Xiong Ni, He Chong, Chen Ruolin, Huo Liang, Wang Xin, Yang Jinghui, and Liang Boxi

There were many great encyclopedists throughout Chinese history, including the scientist and statesman Shen Kuo ( 1031 – 1095 ) with his Dream Pool Essays of 1088, the statesman, inventor, and agronomist Wang Zhen ( active 1290 – 1333 ) with his Nong Shu of 1313, and the written Tiangong Kaiwu of Song Yingxing ( 1587 – 1666 ), the latter of whom was termed the " Diderot of China " by British historian Joseph Needham.

A Song Dynasty ( 960 – 1279 ) chancellor of China, Wang Dan ( 957 – 1017 ), lost his eldest son to smallpox and sought a means to spare the rest of his family from the disease, so he summoned physicians, wise men, and magicians from all across the empire to convene at the capital in Kaifeng and share ideas on how to cure patients of it.

Inoculation was reportedly not widely practised in China until the reign of the Longqing Emperor ( r. 1567 – 1572 ) during the Ming Dynasty ( 1368 – 1644 ), as written by Yu Tianchi in his Shadou jijie ( 痧痘集解 ) of 1727, which he alleges was based on Wang Zhangren's Douzhen jinjing lu ( 痘疹金鏡錄 ) of 1579.

By January 1944, Germany had diplomatic relations with only a handful of countries: Argentina, Ireland, Vichy France, the Salo Republic in Italy, Occupied Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Croatia, Bulgaria, Switzerland, the Holy See, Spain, Portugal, Turkey, Thailand, Japan, and the Japanese puppet states of Manchukuo and the Wang Jingwei regime in China.

He then lived for three years in China, where he studied under Luo Changpei at Peking University and under Wang Li at Lingnan University, before returning to take a PhD in Chinese Linguistics at Cambridge under the supervision of Gustav Hallam and then J. R. Firth.

As the deputy judges, Wang Ch ' ung-hui of China, Demetre Negulesco of Romania and Michaelo Yovanovich of Yugoslavia were elected.

Emperor Wang Mang abolished slave trading ( although not slavery ) in China in 9 CE.

From his studies in China, he lists Luo Changpei and Wang Li as two scholars from whom he gained " new and exciting insights into language ".

From Wang Li he learnt " many things, including research methods in dialectology, the semantic basis of grammar, and the history of linguistics in China ".

* Although pioneered earlier in Korea and by the Chinese official Wang Zhen ( with tin ), bronze metal movable type printing is created in China by Hua Sui in 1490.

China continued to be dominated by the Han Dynasty, despite a 14-year interruption by the Xin dynasty under Wang Mang.

* 8 – 23: Wang Mang temporarily overthrew the Han dynasty of China.

* Although Philo of Byzantium described the saqiya chain pump in the early 2nd century BC, the square-pallet chain pump was innovated in China during this century, mentioned first by the philosopher Wang Chong around 80 AD.

* Wang Mang, Usurper Emperor of the short-lived Xin Dynasty in China r. 9 – 23

* Zhou Nan Wang, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China

* Wang Mang founds the short-lived Xin Dynasty in China ( until 25 ).

* Emperor Ping of Han China begins his reign and Wang Mang is re-instated as regent by Grand Empress Dowager Wang.

* July – After being under siege for two months, about 19, 000 insurgents under Liu Xiu defeat 450, 000 of Wang Mang's troops in the Battle of Kunyang, ushering in the fall of Wang Mang and restoration of the Han Dynasty in China.

* Wang Mang, Chinese statesman and future emperor of China

* According to Wang Yangming ( 1472 – 1529 ), the Ming Dynasty philosopher and governor of Jiangxi, China, he intends to use fo – lang – ji cannons in suppressing the rebellion of Prince Zhu Chenhao in this year.

" Wang Mang, the Restoration of the Han Dynasty, and Later Han ," in The Cambridge History of China: Volume I: the Ch ' in and Han Empires, 221 B. C.

While the Han Dynasty was taken over by Wang Mang, China fell into chaos.

Aside from its flagship brand Jollibee, the group's other brands are Chowking, Greenwich, Red Ribbon, Mang Inasal, Burger King, Yonghe King ( China ) and Hong Zhuang Yuan ( China ).

" Wang Mang, the Restoration of the Han Dynasty, and Later Han ", in The Cambridge History of China: Volume I: the Ch ' in and Han Empires, 221 B. C.

" Wang Mang, the Restoration of the Han Dynasty, and Later Han ", in The Cambridge History of China: Volume I: the Ch ' in and Han Empires, 221 B. C.

By the time of the Han dynasty, the well-field system of land distribution had fallen out of use in China, though reformers like Emperor Wang Mang tried to restore it.

Empress Wang Zhengjun ( Traditional Chinese: 王政君 ), ( 71 BC – 13 ), official imperial title Empress Xiaoyuan ( 孝元皇后 ), later and more commonly known as Grand Empress Dowager Wang, born in Yuancheng ( modern Handan, Hebei ), was an empress during the Western Han Dynasty of China, who played important roles during the reigns of five successive Han emperors — her husband, her son, her two stepgrandsons, and her stepgreat-grandnephew — and later ( according to traditional historians, unwittingly ) led to the usurpation of the throne by her nephew Wang Mang.

* 1644 – The Chongzhen Emperor, the last Emperor of Ming Dynasty China, commits suicide during a peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng.

In China during the Tang Dynasty, cannibalism was supposedly resorted to by rebel forces early in the period ( who were said to raid neighboring areas for victims to eat ), as well as both soldiers and civilians besieged during the rebellion of An Lushan.

In China, the right of rebellion against an unjust ruler had been a part of the political philosophy ever since the Zhou dynasty, whose rulers had used this philosophy to justify their overthrow of the previous Shang dynasty.

The ruthless suppression of the 1916 rebellion in Central Asia, triggered by the Russian imposition of the military draft on the Kyrgyz and other Central Asian peoples, caused many Kyrgyz to flee to China.

Following the Boxer rebellion in China and the Boer War, a second navy bill was passed on 14 June 1900.

Slave rebellion in China at the end of the 17th and the beginning of the 18th century was so extensive that owners eventually converted the institution into a female-dominated one.

* August 4 – In China, the province of Chungking declares independence ; Chinese Republican forces crush the rebellion in a couple of weeks.

* 875 – 884: Huang Chao leads an unsuccessful rebellion against the Tang Dynasty in China.

Although the Han Dynasty of China was firmly cemented into power and extended its imperial influence into Central Asia during the first half of the century, by the second half there was widespread corruption and open rebellion.

* Emperor Suzong of Tang China ascends to the throne, after his father Emperor Xuanzong abdicates while fleeing to Sichuan during the An Lushan rebellion.

* The Huang Chao rebellion is suppressed by the Tang Dynasty of China, with the help of the Shatuo Turks.

* The rebellion of Huang Chao in China begins, weakening the strength of the already declining Tang Dynasty.

* In China, a small rebellion occurs in the interior province of Huguang, during the Ming Dynasty ; a subsequent rebellion springs up in Guangxi, where a rebellion of the Miao people and Yao people forces the Ming throne to respond by sending 30, 000 troops ( including 1, 000 Mongol cavalry ) to aid the 160, 000 local troops stationed in the region to crush the rebellion that will end in 1466.

Meanwhile, in the provinces of Fujian and Guangdong in China, there was a surge in emigration as a result of the poverty and ruin caused by the Taiping rebellion.

This resulted from assistance given by Mir Ghazanfur Khan to China in suppressing a rebellion in Yarkand, following which China granted Hunza a jagir ( Land grant ) in Yarkand and paid the Mir a subsidy.

When Sun learned of the successful rebellion against the Qing emperor from press reports, he immediately returned to China from the United States accompanied by General Homer Lea on 21 December 1911.

* Taiping Rebellion, a rebellion in China during the Qing Dynasty between 1851 and 1864

South Jiangsu also figures strongly in the Taiping Rebellion ( 18511864 ), a massive and deadly rebellion that attempted to set up a Christian theocracy in China ; it started far to the south in Guangdong province, swept through much of South China, and by 1853 had established Nanjing as its capital, renamed as Tianjing ( 天京 " Heavenly Capital ").