Homer's Iliad ( xxiv. 209 ) speaks generally of the Moira, who spins the thread of life for men at their birth ; she is Moira Krataia " powerful Moira " ( xvi. 334 ) or there are several Moirai ( xxiv. 49 ).

The function of Apollo as a " healer " is connected with Paean ( Παιών-Παιήων ), the physician of the Gods in the Iliad, who seems to come from a more primitive religion.

In the Iliad, Apollo is the healer under the gods, but he is also the bringer of disease and death with his arrows, similar to the function of the terrible Vedic god of disease Rudra.

In Iliad, his priest prays to Apollo Smintheus, the mouse god who retains an older agricultural function as the protector from field rats.

In the Iliad, when Diomedes injured Aeneas, Apollo rescued him.

In the Iliad when Zeus sends Apollo to revive the wounded Hector of Troy, Apollo, holding the aegis, charges the Achaeans, pushing them back to their ships drawn up on the shore.

She was already mentioned in Homer's Iliad which relates her prideful hubris, for which she was punished by Leto, who sent Apollo and Artemis, with the loss of all her children, and her nine days of abstention from food during which time her children lay unburied.

In a passage in Iliad, Apollo tries three times to stop Patroclus in front of the walls of Troy, warning him that it is " over his portion " to sack the city.

In the Iliad, Calchas tells the Greeks that the captive Chryseis must be returned to her father Chryses in order to get Apollo to stop the plague he has sent as a punishment: this triggered the quarrel of Achilles and Agamemnon, the main theme of the Iliad.

According to Book 1 of the Iliad, when Agamemnon was compelled by Apollo to give up his own woman, Chryseis, he demanded Briseis as compensation.

In the first book of the Iliad, Agamemnon enslaves her, whom he admits is finer than his own wife, as a war prize and refuses to allow her father, a priest of Apollo, to ransom her.

In the alternative account of the origin of Typhon ( Typhoeus ), the Homeric Hymn to Apollo makes the monster Typhaon at Delphi a son of archaic Hera in her Minoan form, produced out of herself, like a monstrous version of Hephaestus or Mars, and whelped in a cave in Cilicia and confined there in the enigmatic Arima, or land of the Arimoi, en Arimois ( Iliad, ii.

In Book XVII of The Iliad, Apollo disguises himself as Mentes to encourage Hector to fight Menelaus, (" Hector, now you're going after something you'll not catch, chasing the horses of warrior Achilles, descendant of Aeacus.

Homer also confirmed Hypnos and Thanatos as twin brothers in his epic poem, the Iliad, where they were charged by Zeus via Apollo with the swift delivery of the slain hero Sarpedon to his homeland of Lycia.

In Kition, Cyprus, Resheph had the epithet of ḥṣ, interpreted as " arrow " by Javier Teixidor, who consequently interprets Resheph as a god of plague, comparable to Apollo whose arrows bring plague to the Danaans ( Iliad I. 42-55 ).

In the Iliad Zeus, Aphrodite, Ares and Apollo support the Trojan side in the Trojan War, while Hera, Athena and Poseidon support the Greeks ( see theomachy ).

The relationship between Tenedos and Apollo is mentioned in Book I of the Iliad where a priest calls to Apollo with the name " O god of the silver bow, that protectest Chryse and holy Cilla and rulest Tenedos with thy might "( Iliad I ).

| 30698 Hippokoon || 2299 T-3 || Hippokoon, mythological friend of king Rhesos of Thracia, awoken by Apollo as Odysseus and Diomedes were killing the Thracians ( from the Iliad )

Apollo is portrayed in the Iliad as the foremost champion of the Trojans and the one who helped Paris kill Achilles.

Thus one line in five from The Iliad and The Odyssey is to be found somewhere else in the two poems.

In the Iliad, Aeneas is a minor character, where he is twice saved from death by the gods as if for an as yet unknown destiny.

Most notably, Ajax is not wounded in any of the battles described in the Iliad, and he is the only principal character on either side who does not receive personal assistance from any of the gods who take part in the battles.

In Homer's Iliad, when Alcmene was about to give birth to Heracles, Zeus announced to all the gods that on that day a child, descended from Zeus himself, would be born who would rule all those around him.

Ares was one of the Twelve Olympians in the archaic tradition represented by the Iliad and Odyssey, but Zeus expresses a recurring Greek revulsion toward the god when Ares returns wounded and complaining from the battlefield at Troy:

Albrecht Altdorfer's depiction of the moment in 333 BC when Alexander the Great routed Darius III for supremacy in Asia Minor is vast in ambition, sweeping in scope, vivid in imagery, rich in symbols, and obviously heroic — the Iliad of painting, as literary critic Friedrich Schlegel suggested In the painting, a swarming cast of thousands of soldiers surround the central action: Alexander on his white steed, leading two rows of charging cavalrymen, dashes after a fleeing Darius, who looks anxiously over his shoulder from a chariot.

These are the " heroic " societies familiar to us from epics like the Iliad and the Ramayana.

The consensus is that " the Iliad and the Odyssey date from around the 8th century BC, the Iliad being composed before the Odyssey, perhaps by some decades ," i. e. earlier than Hesiod, the Iliad being the oldest work of Western literature.

It is crucial, however, not to underestimate the creative and transforming power of subsequent tradition: for instance, Achilles, the most important character of the Iliad, is strongly associated with southern Thessaly, but his legendary figure is interwoven into a tale of war whose kings were from the Peloponnese.

It shows Ptolemy and his wife or sister Arsinoe III standing beside a seated poet, flanked by figures from the Odyssey and Iliad, with the nine Muses standing above them and a procession of worshippers approaching an altar, believed to represent the Alexandrine Homereion.

740 BC, appears to refer to a text of the Iliad ; likewise, illustrations seemingly inspired by the Polyphemus episode in the Odyssey are found on Samos, Mykonos and in Italy, dating from the first quarter of the seventh century BC.

Finnish born nationalist and linguist Kaarle Akseli Gottlund ( 1796 – 1875 ) expressed his desire for a Finnish epic in a similar vein to The Iliad, Beowulf and the Nibelungenlied compiled from the various poems and songs spread over most of Finland.

The Odyssey begins ten years after the end of the ten-year Trojan War that is the subject of the Iliad, and Odysseus has still not returned home from the war.

* The editio princeps of both the Iliad and the Odyssey is by Demetrius Chalcondyles in Florence, most likely from 1488.

* The 1954 Broadway musical The Golden Apple by librettist John Treville Latouche and composer Jerome Moross is freely adapted from the Iliad and the Odyssey, re-setting the action to the American state of Washington in the years after the Spanish-American War, with events inspired by the Iliad in Act One and events inspired by the Odyssey in Act Two.

In Homer's Odyssey, Odysseus crawls beneath two shoots of olive that grow from a single stock, and in the Iliad, ( XVII. 53ff ) is a metaphoric description of a lone olive tree in the mountains, by a spring ; the Greeks observed that the olive rarely thrives at a distance from the sea, which in Greece invariably means up mountain slopes.

Early poems evolved from folk songs such as the Chinese Shijing, or from a need to retell oral epics, as with the Sanskrit Vedas, Zoroastrian Gathas, and the Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey.

Achilles and his treatment of Hector's corpse in Homer's Iliad demonstrates hubris.

263 – 72 Radt ; 242 – 59 Mette ) almost certainly corresponded with Book 24 of the Iliad: Achilles ' defilement of Hector's corpse and his eventually agreeing to ransom the body back to the grieving father, Priam.

The four Trojan women of the play are the same that appear in the final book of the Iliad lamenting over the corpse of Hector.

In Homer's Iliad, the Lycian contingent was said to have been led by two esteemed warriors: Sarpedon ( son of Zeus and Laodamia ) and Glaucus ( son of Hippolochus ).

Tlepolemus was killed by Sarpedon on the first day of fighting in the Iliad.

In Iliad Zeus knows that his dearest Sarpedon will be killed by Patroclus, but he cannot save him.

The Trojan War heroes, Lycian leaders Glaucus and Sarpedon, are described in the Iliad as coming from the land of the Xanthos River.

He was so weak that the Under-Secretary, Robert Wood, author of an essay on The Original Genius of Homer, would have postponed the business, but Granville said that it " could not prolong his life to neglect his duty ", and quoted the speech of Sarpedon from Iliad xii.

He encountered Sarpedon on the first day of fighting recounted in the Iliad and taunted him saying that he lacked courage and could not really be the son of Zeus.

Homer in the Iliad seems to refer to two Lycias ( in 2. 876-77, 5. 479 ; Sarpedon is a leader of " distant Lycia " while in 2. 824ff.