A building known as the Tomb of Esther and Mordechai is located in Hamadan, Iran, although the village of Kfar Bar ' am in northern Israel also claims to be the burial place of Queen Esther.

From 132 to 136, the Jewish leader Simon Bar Kokhba led another major revolt against the Romans, again renaming the country " Israel " ( see Bar Kochba Revolt coinage ).

A leading scholar of the Kabbalah, Moshe Idel ( Hasidism: Between Ecstasy and Magic, SUNY, 1995, pp. 17 – 18 ), ascribes this doctrine to the kabbalistic system of Rabbi Moses Cordovero ( 1522 – 1570 ) and in the eighteenth century, Rabbi Israel ben Eliezer, the Baal Shem Tov, founder of the Hasidic movement, as well as his contemporary, Rabbi Menahem Mendel, the Maggid of Bar.

Simon bar Kokhba () ( died A. D. 135 ) was the Jewish leader of what is known as the Bar Kokhba revolt against the Roman Empire in 132 CE, establishing an independent Jewish state of Israel which he ruled for three years as Nasi (" Ruler ").

He was given the surname Bar Kokhba ( Aramaic for " Son of a Star ", referring to the Star Prophecy of, " there shall step forth a star out of Jacob, and a scepter shall rise out of Israel, and shall smite through the corners of Moab ") by his contemporary, the Jewish sage Rabbi Akiva.

The three legion numbers were never used again by the Romans after this defeat, unlike other legions that were restructured – a case unique in Roman history except for the XXII Deiotariana legion, which may have been disbanded after heavy losses against the Jewish rebels in the Bar Kokba revolt ( 132 – 136 ) in Israel.

In Israel, on the eve of Lag BaOmer, bonfires are lit on to commemorate the Mishnaic sage Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai who according to tradition died on Lag BaOmer.

Simon Dunstan notes that despite the fact that Israel continued to hold the Bar Lev Line, the war ’ s conclusion " led to a dangerous complacency within the Israeli High Command about the resolve of the Egyptian armed forces and the strength of the Bar-Lev Line.

Simultaneously, Israel reinforces its position on the east bank of the Suez Canal by construction of the Bar Lev Line.

* Bar Yohai, a community in northern Israel named after him

* Eliram, Talila, ( 1995 ) Shirei Eretz Israel ( Songs of the Land of Israel ) – the Creations and Meaning of a Popular Music Repertoire at the End of the 20th Century ( Bar Ilan University, Thesis for MA ).

He now lives in Israel and teaches at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Bar Ilan University.

The Bar Lev Line (, Kav Bar Lev ;, ) was a chain of fortifications built by Israel along the eastern coast of the Suez Canal after it captured the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt during the 1967 Six-Day War.

To support the Bar Lev Line, Israel built an elaborate system of roads.

He inspired the founding of Bar Ilan University in Israel which is named for him.

In 2003, a group at Bar Ilan University in Israel, proved in lab condition the eradication of the acne bacteria by exposure to blue light.

* 1973 October War panorama in Cairo, Egypt depicting the attack on the Bar Lev Line and the subsequent fighting during the Yom Kippur / 1973 October War between Israel and Egypt.

The very first such database was the Bar Ilan Responsa Project, which began in 1963 at the Weizmann Institute in Israel, migrated to Bar-Ilan University soon thereafter, and was up and running by 1967.

Bar Refaeli was born into an Israeli Jewish family in Hod HaSharon, Israel.

She is currently the chairperson of the Israel Bar Association Council, and is the first woman ever elected to this position.

In 1912, he helped to create the Young Israel movement of Modern Orthodox Judaism with Rabbi Israel Friedlander.

Kaplan began his career as an Orthodox rabbi at Congregation Kehilath Jeshurun in New York City, was a founder in 1912 of the Young Israel movement of Modern Orthodox Judaism, and was the first rabbi hired by the new ( Orthodox ) Jewish Center in Manhattan when it was founded in 1918.

In the 20th century, a segment of the Orthodox population ( notably as represented by the World Agudath Israel movement formally established in 1912 ) disagreed with Modern Orthodoxy and took a stricter approach.

Its roots go back to the establishment of the original founding of the Agudath Israel movement in 1912 in Katowitz, Prussia ( now Katowice, Poland ).

Founded in 1912, Technion is the oldest university in Israel.

He kept the Lubavitch movement out of the World Agudath Israel when it formed in 1912.

The original Agudath Israel movement was established in Europe in 1912 by some of the most famous Orthodox rabbis of the time, including the Chafetz Chaim, Rabbi Chaim Ozer Grodzinski of Vilna, the Radziner Rebbe, Rabbi Mordechai Yosef Elazar Leiner, the Gerrer Rebbe ( Imrei Emes ) and the Chortkover Rebbe.

Senior Rabbis have included: Israel Mattuck ( from 1912 ), Leslie Edgar ( initially as assistant-1931 ), John D. Rayner ( initially as assistant 1957 ), David Goldberg ( 1989 ), Alexandra Wright ( 2004 )

* Caracal caracal schmitzi ( Matschie, 1912 ), Israel, West Asia, Iran, Arabia, Pakistan, India, Jordan

Irving Layton was born on March 12, 1912 as Israel Pincu Lazarovitch in Târgu Neamţ, a small town in Romania, to Jewish parents, Moses and Klara Lazarovitch.

* Israel Levitan ( 1912 – 1982 )

The club was founded in 1912 by a group of Jewish students from Petah Tikva, who were studying in the Ottoman city of Constantinople ( many of them would later serve in the Ottoman army during World War I ), making it the second oldest Jewish football club in Israel after Maccabi Tel Aviv, which was formed in 1906.

Category: 1912 establishments in Israel

World Agudath Israel was established at a conference held at Kattowitz ( Katowice ) in 1912 after the Tenth World Zionist Congress had defeated a motion by the Torah Nationalists Mizrachi movement for funding religious schools.

Allegedly written in 1912 by Israel Cohen, a British Jewish Communist, the text first gained public notoriety on June 7, 1957, during a debate on the Civil Rights Act of 1957, when Rep. Thomas Abernethy of Mississippi read a reputed quotation from it into the Congressional Record:

These included the nonexistence of a British Communist party in 1912 ( it was founded in only 1920 ), the nonexistence of a British Communist author named Israel Cohen, and the failure of a book entitled A Racial Program for the Twentieth Century to appear either in the Library of Congress or in the British Museum Catalogue of Printed Books.

Isser Harel (, born Isser Halperin 1912 – 18 February 2003 ) was spymaster of the intelligence and the security services of Israel and the Director of the Mossad ( 1952 – 1963 ).

Cheder in Meron, Israel, 1912

He initially emigrated to Ottoman Palestine in 1912, but returned temporarily to Europe and was stranded there until after World War I, not returning to the then Mandate Palestine, later Israel, until 1919. where he died in 1958.

* 1903 – The Kishinev pogrom in Kishinev ( Bessarabia ) begins, forcing tens of thousands of Jews to later seek refuge in Israel and the Western world.

( See Azerbaijan – Israel relations ).

* 1923 – Shimon Peres, Israeli politician, 9th President of Israel

As a result of the new covenant, God's chosen people are now the corporate body of Christ, the church ( sometimes called spiritual Israel – see also Covenant theology ).

* 1913 – Menachem Begin, Israeli politician, 6th Prime Minister of Israel, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1992 )

* 2003 – A Hamas planned suicide attack on a bus in Jerusalem, Israel kills 23 Israelis, 7 of them children in the Shmuel HaNavi bus bombing.

* 1948 – 1948 Arab-Israeli War: Haifa, a major port of Israel, is captured from Arab forces.

* 1996 – In Lebanon, at least 106 civilians are killed when the Israel Defense Forces shell the United Nations compound at Quana where more than 800 civilians had taken refuge.

* 1730 – Shearith Israel, the first synagogue in New York City, is dedicated.

* 1982 – Israel completes its withdrawal from the Sinai peninsula per the Camp David Accords.

* 1988 – In Israel, John Demjanuk is sentenced to death for war crimes committed in World War II.

1990 ) are located at the entrance to Jerusalem, Israel, off the Jerusalem – Tel Aviv Highway.

* Carmel Tunnels – similar project in Haifa, Israel

Rather than being written as history, the Deuteronomistic history – Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Samuel and Kings – was intended to illustrate a theological scheme in which Israel and her leaders are judged by their obedience to the teachings and laws ( the covenant ) set down in the book of Deuteronomy.

* Joshua served as the mediator of the renewed covenant between Yahweh and Israel at Shechem ( 8: 30 – 35 ; 24 ), just as Moses was the mediator of Yahweh's covenant with the people at Mount Sinai / Mount Horeb.

A central theme in Second Isaiah is that of a new Exodus – the return of the exiled people Israel from Babylon to Jerusalem.

Another important passage was Isaiah 40: 3 – 5, which imagines the exiled Israel proceeding home to Jerusalem on a newly-constructed road, led by the victorious Yahweh who has conquered the gods of Babylon.

Givatayim, Israel: Rutgers UP, 1971. pp. 129 – 163.

These are during 853 – 841 BC when Jerusalem was invaded by Philistines and Arabs during the reign of Jehoram ( recorded in 2 Kings 8: 20-22 and 2 Chronicles 21: 8-20 in the Christian Old Testament ) and 605 – 586 BC when Jerusalem was attacked by King Nebuchadnezzer of Babylon, which led to the Babylonian exile of Israel ( recorded in Psalm 137 ).

* A later promise ( 2: 12 – 13 ): These verses assume that judgement has already fallen and Israel is already scattered abroad.

* A Covenant lawsuit ( 6: 1 – 5 ): Yahweh accuses Israel ( the people of Judah ) of breaking the covenant through their lack of justice and honesty, after the pattern of the kings of Israel ( northern kingdom )